scholarly journals Evolução do desempenho em atletas brasileiros de natação de alto rendimento durante seis anos de formação esportiva: um estudo longitudinal retrospectivo

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Tucher ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Lima Monteiro ◽  
Roberta Rafaelli ◽  
Paulo Cezar Marinho
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Sports Training ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Performance Rate ◽  
Two Peaks

Introdução: O desempenho esportivo é resultado da interrelação de variáveis que devem ser estudadas visando a melhor formação dos nadadores jovens.Objetivo: Analisar o desempenho em nadadores de alto rendimento brasileiros, nas provas de 50-100 m nado Livre, ao longo de seis anos de formação esportiva e identificar os picos da taxa de crescimento.Métodos: Estudo observacional longitudinal retrospectivo, do qual participaram 15 nadadores brasileiros entre os 100 melhores tempos do mundo (provas de 50m e 100m nado Livre). Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e foi calculada a taxa de crescimento do resultado esportivo (%) entre intervalos de idade. Utilizou-se o teste não paramétrico de Friedman para analisar a existência de diferença significativa entre os desempenhos. Considerou-se p≤0,05.Resultados: Para os 50m, houve dois picos na taxa de crescimento: aos 13-14 e aos 17-18 anos. Para os 100m nado Livre, o pico se deu aos 16-17 anos. Houve diferença significativa no desempenho dos 50-100m nado Livre em diversos intervalos de idade (p<0,05).Conclusão: O pico da taxa de desempenho nos 50-100 m nado Livre parece acompanhar os momentos de maior crescimento e maturação dos jovens.Six Years of Performance Evolution in High-Performance Brazilian Swimmers in of Sports Training: A Longitudinal Retrospective StudyIntroduction: Sports performance is the result of the interrelationship of variables that should be studied aiming at a better training of young swimmers.Objective: To analyze performance in Brazilian high-performance swimmers, in the 50-100m freestyle races, over six years of sports training and to identify peaks in the increasing rate.Methods: Retrospective longitudinal observational study, in which 15 Brazilian swimmers participated in the 100 best times in the world (50m and 100m free swim). Descriptive statistics were used and the rate of growth of the sports score (%) between age intervals was calculated. Friedman's non-parametric test was used to analyze the existence of a significant difference between the performances. Significance considered was p≤0.05.Results: For the 50m, there were two peaks in the growth rate: at 13-14 and at 17-18 years. For the 100m freestyle, the peak occurred at 16-17 years. There was a significant difference in the performance of the 50-100m free swim at several age intervals (p<0.05).Conclusion: The performance rate peak for the 50-100m Freestyle seems to accompany the moments of greater performance increasing and maturation of the young.

scholarly journals Mycotoxins Consumption and Burden of Aflatoxin-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in People Subsisting on Sorghum Based Products in the Derived Savannah Zone of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. H. Garba
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World

Sorghum is a local grain that grows predominantly in the semi-arid, savannah and grassland region of Northern Nigeria and other parts of the world. Sorghum samples were collected from five districts in each of the six agro-ecological zones, while the sorghum based products such as gruel, pap and porridge were also sampled using A quantitative food frequency questionnaire (QFFQ) followed by measurement of the body weight and  the quantity of food consumed by the respondents. The mycotoxin concentrations in both raw sorghum sample and the sorghum based products were determined using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mycotoxin concentrations determined from the two different samples was used to determine the amount of mycotoxins consumed by respondents from different age groups. Subsequently the burden of aflatoxin induced Hepato celluar carcinoma (HCC) in communities (within the zone) that subsist on sorghum and sorghum based products was also determined. There was a significant difference (P = 0.05) between the concentration of the mycotoxins in the raw and the processed sorghum samples in the area under study. The processing methods employed in the in the preparation of these products could not reduce the toxin level below the PTDI and TDI levels set by the regulatory agencies. Average daily consumption of sorghum based products based on age range was found to be 192.5 g/day, 617.0 g/day, 810.2 g/day and 746.1 g/day for the infants, children, adults and elderly respectively The incidence of HCC and the burden aflatoxin induced HCC in the HbsAg+ and the HbsAg- populations was alarmingly high. Sorghum is a major grain corn in the world agricultural economy and represents an important staple food for the populations of many developing countries. Nevertheless, the nutritional value of sorghum as human food, as well as a feed material for animals, is impaired by its susceptibility to infection by fungi and fungal metabolites and this calls for urgent mitigation strategies to avoid health emergencies particularly in the poverty stricken countries of the sub Saharan Africa where this crop is a common staple.

scholarly journals Changes in the Start Reaction Times in the 200 m Run at the World Championships After the Tightening of False Start Rule

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-216
Author(s):  
Peter Mitašík ◽  
Ladislava Doležajová ◽  
Anton Lednický ◽  
Dávid Végh
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Final Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
False Start ◽  
Reaction Speed

SummaryReaction time is an important component of the structure of sports performance in sprint disciplines. In our observation, we focused on the men’s and women’s 200 metres discipline at the World Championships (WCH) in two periods. The first in 1999-2009 and the second in 2011-2019. This division was conditioned by the change in the false start rule, which states that any competitor who makes a false start, except in multicontest, will be disqualified (valid since 1st January 2010). This change affected the speed of the sprinter’s reaction. The monitored group were finalists of the 200 m runs at the WCH, a total of 11 events. We used basic mathematical-statistical characteristics and assessed changes in reaction times using parametric paired and parametric unpaired t-test and Wilcoxon test. We compared reaction time in the heats and the finals. We found that at some WCH, worse reaction times were achieved in the finals of both categories compared with the heats. By comparing the reaction speed in the heats with the reaction speed in the men‘s finals, we recorded this statistically significant difference in the first period (p < 0.01) and after tightening the rule at the level of p < 0.10. In the women’s group, this difference was not statistically significant in any period. The percentage of the reaction speed in the final time of the 200 m run was 0.76 – 0.86 % in the men’s group and 0.74 – 0.78 % in the women’s group. The analysis of the results from the WCH in athletics confirmed the importance of reaction speed in the 200 m run.

scholarly journals Optimising martial arts training by using gymnastics exercises

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chera Ferrario Bianca
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Sports Performance ◽  
Experimental Programme ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Combat Games ◽  
The World

Engaging in high-performance competitions (World Combat Games, World Championships, European and/or Balkan Championships) has made it necessary for the martial technique to have the benefit of knowledge from other sports disciplines as well, particularly gymnastics, acrobatic and artistic gymnastics, in order to give greater weight to competition artistic programmes which, throughout the world, reach degrees of complexity that had not been encountered until a few years ago. The research objectives from our study aims to are to elaborate a concise and efficient material on the factors that have led to the achievement of the performance presented in the preamble of the paper. We believe that the judicious combination of Ju-jitsu technical elements and artistic and rhythmic gymnastics elements may decisively contribute to achieving exceptional performances and consolidating motor skills and competences. We shall thus venture to say that the differences between the two groups rise from the implementation of superior Ju-jitsu techniques and acrobatic and artistic gymnastics elements.The training period, the development and completion of the experimental programme, have allowed us to confirm the elaborated hypothesis and achieve remarkable performances. Finally, we are convinced that our study will be useful to the vast majority of martial arts specialists who approach the Duo Show system and not only, thus leading to the increase of sports performance and diversification of training methods.

Preparation and Characterization of NH2-Terminal Fibrinogen Bβ Fragments from N-DSK of Human Fibrinogen

1984 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 016-021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Birken ◽  
G Agosto ◽  
B Lahiri ◽  
R Canfield
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Ion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Cnbr Cleavage ◽  
Two Peaks

SummaryIn order to investigate the early release of NH2-terminal plasmic fragments from the Bβ chain of fibrinogen, substantial quantities of Bβ 1-42 and Bβ 1-21 are required as immunogens, as radioimmunoassay standards and for infusion into human volunteers to determine the half-lives of these peptides. Towards this end methods that employ selective proteolytic cleavage of these fragments from fibrinogen have been developed. Both the N-DSK fragment, produced by CNBr cleavage of fibrinogen, and Bβ 1-118 were employed as substrates for plasmin with the finding of higher yields from N-DSK. Bβ 1-42 and Bβ 1-21 were purified by gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography on SP-Sephadex using volatile buffers. When the purified preparation of Bβ 1-42 was chromatographed on reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography, two peaks of identical amino acid composition were separated, presumably due either to pyroglutamate or to amide differences.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION PROJECT ON PRODUCTIVITY AND POVERTY AMONG RICE FARMERS IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 392-400
Author(s):  
O. S. Balogun ◽  
M. A. Damisa ◽  
O. Yusuf ◽  
O. L. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Late Model

The study was carried out to examine the effect of agricultural transformation on the beneficiary’s productivity and poverty of rice farmers in Kano State Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select 571 respondents for the study. Data were collected through structured questionnaires on respondent’s income, input and output quantities as well as their expenditures. Data were analysis using descriptive statistics, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT), Propensity score matching and LATE model. Results from the study shows that respondents productivity revealed a significant difference of about 127 kg/ha in rice productivity between participants and non-participants. Also, the LATE estimates revealed an average treatment effect ATE0 of about 222.98kg/ha. Furthermore, the project had a significant effect N11, 321.4 on the participant’s consumption expenditure than the non-participants N9980.60. Moreover, participants were, able to increase their household total expenditures by N34780 per annum. Fluctuations of input/output prices insect pests and inadequate extension visits were all the major constraints faced by the farmers. It was recommended that farmers’ information and sensitization system should be overhauled and improved. Also, attention should be given to well organize extension visits for the farmers from stake holders

Pengaruh Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran dan Konsep Diri terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kretif Mahasiswa

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Hikmah
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Written Test ◽  
Self Learning

<p>The purpose of this study were to determine: 1) the influence of the learning <br />model of creative thinking; 2) the influence of self-concept to think creatively, and 3) the influence of the interaction and the concept of self-learning model for creative thinking. The research method used was experimental method. A sample of 80 people selected at random from the 13 study groups. The data was collected by administering a written test questions to measure variables studied. Data analysis using descriptive statistics and 2-way ANOVA. The results showed: 1) a significant difference to the learning model with the ability to think creatively sig = 0.000; 2) there is a significant effect of self-concept of <br />the ability to think creatively with sig = 0.000, and 3) there is a significant interaction effect of learning model and self-concept of the ability to think creatively with sig = 0.018. </p>

Income or Culture? Examining the Determinants of Subjective Wellbeing in an International Sample

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddharth Garg
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Marginal Utility ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Diminishing Marginal Utility ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The aim of this paper was to examine the relationship between income, subjective wellbeing, and culture among people from a higher socio-economic class across the world. Rationale: Ed Diener proposed the law of diminishing marginal utility as an explanation for differences in subjective wellbeing among different income groups across different countries (Diener, Ng, &amp; Tov, Balance in life and declining marginal utility of diverse resources, 2009). Thus, people with higher incomes would experience less subjective wellbeing due to income, and culture should emerge as a significant predictor. Method: Data from this study came from another study (https://siddharthgargblog.wordpress.com/2019/07/14/love-for-money/). I used an online survey to collect data on annual income in US dollars, subjective wellbeing (WHO-5), and country of residence (Indicator of Culture). 96 responses (Indians = 24, Foreigners = 72) were entered in IBM SPSS and a regression analysis was conducted. The raw dataset used in this study can be found at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8869040.v1Results: ANOVA showed a significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) between Indians and foreigners on levels of subjective wellbeing. Linear regression shows the regression coefficient of culture to be significant (Beta = -.254, p = .014) but the regression coefficient of income was not found to be significant. The overall model was found to explain 8.2% of the variance in wellbeing.Conclusion: The sample of this study is too small to make any kind of generalization; it does lend a little bit of support to the idea of diminishing marginal utility of income on subjective wellbeing and provides a rationale for further research.

Sulphonamide: Distribution, Toxicology, Environmental Characteristics, and Analysis - A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirubanandam Grace Pavithra ◽  
Vasudevan Jaikumar ◽  
Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar ◽  
PanneerSelvam SundarRajan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Capillary Electrophoresis ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Fluorometric Determination ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The World

Background: Many antibiotics were widely used as medication based on their distinctive features. Among them, sulphonamides were commonly used, however their recalcitrant nature makes them difficult to dispose. Hence, their interaction with environment and analytic technique requires considerable attention globally. Objective: Therefore, this review aimed to provide detailed discussion about environmental as well as human health behaviour and analytic techniques corresponding to sulphonamides. Methods: Various results and discussion were extracted from technical journals and books published by different researchers from all over the world. The cited bibliographic references were intentionally investigated in order to extract relevant information related to proposed work. Results: In this review, the determination techniques such as UV-spectroscopy, Enthalpimetry, Immunosensor, Chromatography, Chemiluminescence, Photoinduced fluorometric determination, Capillary electrophoresis for sulphonamide determination were discussed in detail. Among them, High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-spectroscopy was effective and extensively used for screening sulphonamide. Conclusion: Knowing the quantification and behaviour of sulphonamide in aqueous solution is mandatory to opt the suitable wastewater treatment required. Hence, choosing appropriate high precision and feasible screening techniques is necessary, which can be attained with this review.

Jewish Argument Style among Russian Revolutionaries

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-68
Author(s):  
Gabriella Safran
Keyword(s):  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Rhetorical Questions ◽  
Bold Face

Jewish speech was heard in Russian revolutionary contexts as characterized by emphatic tones, rhetorical questions, an argumentative stance, and sarcasm, all performative elements of Jewish English (je) as well. I examine depictions of Jewish Russian (jr) in the world of the non-Jewish Socialist Revolutionary (sr) leader Victor Chernov. This article first introduces Chernov, then analyzes his depictions of jr, and finally looks at transcripts of speeches by sr leaders for evidence of Jewish speech style. I use speech length, bold-face, exclamation points, and question marks as proxies for the heightened emotion and argumentative stance associated with jr. My analysis indicates no significant difference between the speech of Jewish and non-Jewish sr leaders as a whole, but shows that Chernov’s own speech contains a significantly higher than average use of these elements. This result complicates the notion of ethnolect and suggests that individuals’ evaluations of other people’s language should be examined in light of their biographies.

scholarly journals Effects of Slaughter Positions on Catecholamine, Blood Biochemical and Electroencephalogram Changes in Cattle Restrained Using a Modified Mark IV Box

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1979
Author(s):  
Jurhamid Columbres Imlan ◽  
Ubedullah Kaka ◽  
Yong-Meng Goh ◽  
Zulkifli Idrus ◽  
Elmutaz Atta Awad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Lateral Position ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Delta Waves ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Lateral Recumbency

The proper slaughter positioning of animals is among the most crucial factors in animal welfare. The lateral position in Halal slaughter is a technique used around the world by Muslims, with a few practicing the upright position. The literature on the effects of slaughter in upright versus lateral positions on pain and stress is scarce. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of slaughter positions on blood biochemical parameters, plasma catecholamines, and electroencephalographic (EEG) responses. Twenty Brahman crossbred steers were subjected to slaughter in either lateral recumbency (LP) (n = 10) or an upright position (UP) (n = 10). There was a significant increase in adrenaline (p < 0.0001) and noradrenaline (p < 0.05) at T2 compared to T1 in the animals of both groups. A significant difference (p < 0.0001) was observed in the median frequency (MF) and total power (Ptot) of EEG, parameters for pain and stress, between the animals slaughtered in the upright and the lateral position. However, MF and delta waves were significantly higher (p < 0.05) after slaughter in the UP group than in the LP group. The results demonstrate a lesser amount of stress and pain responses among the LP group.

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