scholarly journals GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF SILYBUM MARIANUM AS A MEDICINAL PLANT UNDER SALINITY STRESS

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
M. A. Dorri ◽  
B. Kamkar ◽  
M. Aghdasi ◽  
A. R. Safahani
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Salinity Levels

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is used as a medicinal plant in the treatment of liver diseases. In order to investigate germination and seedling growth in S. marianum subjected to NaCl, a three replicated experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design in the laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Treatments included seven salinity levels (50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 mM) and a control (distilled water). Germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), seed-ling vigour index (SVI), shoot, root and seedling weight were measured. The effect of salinity levels was significant on GP, SVI, MGT and seedling weight and length (p ≤ 0.01). However, the NaCl concentration effect was not significant on shoot : root length ratio and or shoot : root weight ratios. Results showed that germination decreased when salinity increased, while MGT increased. MGT was 1.75 times higher than in the control at the highest salt concentration. MGT difference was not significant between 75 mM NaCl and con-trol, while it dramatically increased by increasing the NaCl concentration from 150 to 200 mM NaCl. Reduc-tion slope and salt tolerance index (STI) were estimated for germination (0.54 and 231.9) and seedling stage (0.24 and 237.4). According to the results, milk thistle could be considered as a valuable medicinal plant in fairly salinized areas.

scholarly journals The Use of Germination Indices for Salinity Tolerance Classification of Pepper Cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Gamze Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Germination Indices

The study aimed to evaluate the use of germination indices as a screening tool for salinity tolerance during germination and early seedling growth of pepper cultivars, and to distinguish the potential for genetic responses to salt tolerance. In the study, the seeds of seven pepper cultivars were germinated at increasing NaCl levels of 5, 10, 15 and 20 dS/m and distilled water as the control treatment for 14 days. Germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), germination stress tolerance index (GSTI), seedling length (SL), seedling fresh weight (SFW) and vigor index (VI) were investigated. Results showed that germination percentage decreased with increasing NaCl levels while the highest germination percentage at 20 dS/m was 92% in BT Burdem with no significant reduction. Seedling growth of pepper cultivars was severely inhibited by increasing salinity stress. SFW was depressed depending on reduction in SL due to increasing NaCl. BT-Burli and BT İnce Sivri were the most tolerant cultivars to NaCl and they were used for genetic resources towards salinity. Seedling growth was much more sensitive to salinity than germination because of the highest percent reduction in seedling growth parameters. Among the parameters, GSTI gave the highest significant correlation coefficient with SL and SFW; indicating that it would be useful for estimating seedling growth. It was concluded that genotypic variation was observed among pepper cultivars for salinity tolerance and GSTI could be used for a predictor for salinity tolerance.

scholarly journals Influence of irrigation and row spacing on the growth, seed yield and active substance of milk thistle (Silybum marianum)

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Karimzedah ◽  
R. Omidbaigi ◽  
Bakhshai D.
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Suitable Amount ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Active Substances

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) has been used in medicine since ancient times, but it has been cultivated as a medicinal plant only in recent decades. The ripe fruit of milk thistle contains flavonoids, which are used to prepare anti-hepatotoxic drugs. The main purpose of this study was to substantiate the effects of irrigation and row spacing on growth, seed yield and the content of active substances (silybin and silymarin) in milk thistle. The results showed that the suitable amount of irrigation was 20 mm and the appropriate row spacing was 25 cm.  

scholarly journals Genotypic variation in tolerance to salinity of common beans cultivated in Western Cameroon as assessed at germination and during early seedling growth

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric B. Kouam ◽  
Simon M. Ndo ◽  
Marie S. Mandou ◽  
Asafor H. Chotangui ◽  
Christopher M. Tankou
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Coefficient Of Velocity ◽  
Germination Experiments

AbstractThis study was carried out to determine effects of salinity on germination and seedling development of commercially important common bean genotypes in Cameroon. The seeds of eight genotypes were used for both trials. The germination experiments were carried out on petri dishes in the laboratory while early growth trials continued in plastic pots in the screenhouse. Both stages were setup using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Germination and early growth trials of the different genotypes were studied using distilled water as control or osmotic potentials of 50, 100, 150 and 200mM NaCl to study the effects of salinity on germination and seedling growth characteristics. Leaf concentrations of Na+ and K+ were determined. At the germination level, germination percentage, germination index and the coefficient of velocity of germination decreased with increasing salinity while the mean germination time and time to 50% germination increased with increasing level of salt. All the growth variables decreased with increasing salinity with the exception of the root length which was not affected by salinity. It was observed that increasing salinity induced a significant increase in leaf Na+ and substantial reduction in the accumulation of K+ in the leaves. For ions accumulation, germination variables and growth parameters, significant differences at 0.001 probability levels were found among salinity treatments, common bean genotypes and most of their interactions. Significant correlations were found between all germination variables and between most growth parameters. From the effect of salt application, the common bean genotypes namely KEBCB049, KEB-CB053 and Mac-33 were the most tolerant while KEB-CB055 and KEB-CB050 were the most sensitive. The results confirm that there is genotypic variation in salinity tolerance and that the most tolerant genotypes should be further explored in selection programs, with the aim that they should be promoted for cultivation in tropical zones affected by salinity.

scholarly journals Role of seed priming in improving seed germination and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.) under rain fed condition

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Shrestha ◽  
Shreena Pradhan ◽  
Jenny Shrestha ◽  
Mahesh Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Urea Solution ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Maize Varieties

Seed priming enhances early seed emergence and proper crop stand establishment which enables the crop to capture more soil moisture, nutrients, and solar radiation. An on-farm experiment was conducted in Okhaldhunga, Nepal to study the effect of six different priming treatments (50 millimoles common salt solution, 200 millimoles urea solution, 1 percent MOP solution, 2.5 times diluted urine, water, and control) on germination and growth of two maize varieties, Manakamana-3 and Nutan-IL60. The experiment was set up in factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Various germination traits: germination percent, seedling vigour, germination index, mean germination time, and seedling growth traits: shoot length, root length, and dry root weight, were studied. Nitrogen-based (Urea and Urine) priming resulted the most desirable change for the studied traits. Nitrogen-based priming also had significant positive effect on stress tolerance related traits like root length and dry root weight.

scholarly journals Effect of Soaking Treatment on Germination of Hard Coated Tropical Forest Tree Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Juventine Boaz Odoi ◽  
David Mugeni ◽  
Robert Kiiza ◽  
Betty Apolot ◽  
Samson Gwali
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Terminalia Catappa ◽  
Maesopsis Eminii

Seed germination and seedling growth performance of Maesopsis eminii and Terminalia catappa under different water soaking treatments were evaluated for 120 days under nursery conditions. A total of 1400 seeds were pre-treated with hot (95oC) and cold water (ambient temperature) by soaking for 12, 24 and 48 hours with a control of no soaking. The seeds were sown directly into polythene pots filled with uniform growth medium (top forest soil, sand and clay soilmixed in a ratio of 5:3:2) to avoid disturbance of the root system after germination. The seeds were sown in a randomized block design with seven treatments and three replicates. Data were analysed using ANOVA in GenStat v18. Results indicated that soaking enhanced seed germination. Soaking of seeds in cold water for 12 hours resulted into higher germination (90% for Terminalia catappa and 85% for Maesopsis eminii) than the control (48%). Soaking period and water temperature significantly influenced seedling vigour (F value = 0.962; p = 0.038). Soaking seeds in cold water for 24 hours enhanced Maesopsis eminii seedling growth by 8.0 cm Terminalia catappa seedlings by 7.4 cm. Seed dormancy, germination percentage and growth performance in hard coated seeds such as Maesopsis eminii and Terminalia catappa can be broken by soaking in cold water for 12-24 hours. Pre-germination treatments significantly influences the germination and seedling growth. Keywords: Maesopsis eminii, Terminalia catappa, seeds, pre-germination, soaking.

scholarly journals Effects of NaCl on Germination and Seedling Growth in Macrotyloma uniflorum and Vigna mungo

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUMAN PANTOLA ◽  
KIRAN BARGALI ◽  
S.S. BARGALI ◽  
VIBHUTI VIBHUTI
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Macrotyloma Uniflorum

Among abiotic stresses, drought and salinity are two major determinants due to high magnitude of their impact and wide occurrence. Salinity considerably limits the productivity of crops and thus, considered as the most destructive abiotic factor. In the present study, response of Macrotyloma uniflorum and Vigna mungo to salt (NaCl) stress imposed at germination and seedling growth stages was investigated. The aim of the study was identify the physiological and morphological responses of selected leguminous crop. Seeds were obtained from the healthy plants, surface sterilized and placed under six salt stress levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 dsm-1). Complete randomized design with three replicates was used for this experiment and the experiments were conducted during the year 2015 in the glasshouse of Department of Botany, DSB, Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital. In comparison to Macrotyloma uniflorum (77%), higher germination percentage was observed in Vigna mungo (99%) at all salinity levels. In both the species, germination percentage and seedling growth decreased with the increase in salinity stress. Though Vigna mungo showed higher values for root (0.17 g) and shoot dry mass (0.27 g) the dry weight percentage reduction was higher in this species as compared to Macrotyloma uniflorum. Decrease in biomass of seedling with increasing salt stress indicated that the stress not only affected germination but also the growth of seedlings, which indicates that the synthetic ability of seed and biomass of the seedlings was also affected. Seed vigor index declined with the increase in salt concentrations. Outcomes from the study could be helpful in understanding the plant’s nature against different levels of salt stress and that could be economically exploited by various able agencies. At each salinity level, M. uniflorum showed higher salt tolerance index as compared to V. mungo so it can be cultivated in fields with salty soil.

scholarly journals EFEK LAMA PERENDAMAN TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH ROSELA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Dede Suhendra ◽  
Yudi Triyanto ◽  
Siti Hartati Yusida Saragih ◽  
Zahlul Ikhsan
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Chemical Compound ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Agricultural Sciences

Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a medicinal plant. Rosela has a chemical compound that can provide many benefits. Efficacy of rosella to prevent disease, treat disorders of various diseases with gossiptin anthocyanin content and gluciside hibiscin contained in it. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of College of Agricultural Sciences of Labuhan Batu University Foundation, North Sumatera Province. This research was started in March 2017. This research used Non-Factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) with the harvesting period (P) P0: Control, P1: 1, Clock P2: 2 Hours, P3: 3 Hours P4: 4 Hours P5: 5 Hours P6: 6 Hours P: 7 Hours. The highest rate of germination was found in P7 treatment of 3.22 days. The highest normal germination percentage was found in P5 and P7 treatment of 66.67%. Than highest abnormal germination percentege was found in P3, P4 and P6 treatment of 33.33 %. Keywords : Rosela, Old Immersion

scholarly journals Effects of sodium chloride on germination and seedling growth of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
FM Tonmoy Chowdhury ◽  
MA Halim ◽  
Feroza Hossain ◽  
Nahid Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Helianthus Annuus L ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Germination Indices

The response of BARI Sunflower-2 (Helianthus annuus L.) to sodium chloride (NaCl) at germination and early seedling growth was investigated. The seeds and seedlings of sunflower were treated with a series of eight different concentrations of NaCl viz 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175 and 200 mM and distilled water (control) and were allowed to grow under plate culture condition. The results showed that the highest salinity concentration (200 mM NaCl) remarkably decreased the germination percentage, germination index and speed of germination of BARI Sunflower-2. Fresh and dry masses of both shoot and root were significantly reduced at a 25-200 mM NaCl solution. Significant reductions of shoot and root length were also noted with the increase of NaCl concentration. The results also illustrate that up to 50 mM NaCl concentration, all of the germination indices and fresh and dry biomass were withstand more than 70%. Thus the present study concluded that the BARI Sunflower-2 could be cultivated in moderately saline soil.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 7(1): 35-44, 2018 (June)

scholarly journals The Alleviation Effect of Silicon on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Tomato Under Salinity Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Haghighi ◽  
Zahra Afifipour ◽  
Maryam Mozafarian
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Mean Germination Time

The Alleviation Effect of Silicon on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Tomato Under Salinity StressThis study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of silicon (Si) application under salinity levels on seed germination and growth characteristics of tomato seeds. A laboratory experiment was performed on completely randomized design with two levels of salinity (25 and 50 mM NaCl) and 2 concentration of Si (1 and 2 mM) with 4 replications. Germination percentage, germination rate, seedling shoot and root length, fresh and dry weight of seedling and mean germination time was measured. Seed germination ofLycopersicon esculentumL. was significantly affected by salinity levels, Si and their interaction. Germination characteristics of tomato seeds decreased drastically by increasing NaCl concentrations. However, 1 mM Si had positive effects on seed germination characteristics and improved germination percentage, germination rate and mean germination time. Si alleviated the harmful effect of salinity stress on tomato seed germination at almost all germination characteristics.

Specificities of changes in the concentrations of heavy metals in milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
O. Rudnyk-Ivashchenko ◽  
L. Mykhal’ska ◽  
V. Schwartau
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Coeffi Cients ◽  
Medicinal Plant Material

Aim. To investigate the content of heavy metals in the seeds of milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) and in the product of its processing – oil. To reveal possible changes in the concentration of heavy metals in the years of cultivating this plant. Methods. The fi eld and spectrometric methods were applied; the results were processed using the technologies, common for agriculture, plant production and statistics. Results. The content of heavy metals in the seeds of milk thistle was defi ned. It was determined that their concentration exceeds maximal acceptable coeffi cient for the medicinal plant material. It was established that in 2013 the seeds of milk thistle accumulated several times more Ba, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mo, Sr, V compared to the indices of 2014, while Al, Co, Ag were found only in the samples of the seeds, harvested in 2013. Conclusions. As the regulatory documents regarding many relevant elements, which belong to heavy metals, do not specify maximal accept- able coeffi cients for the content of the latter in the medicinal plant material, it is reasonable to conduct complex studies, involving the specialists of relevant fi elds, in order to stipulate this gradation. In the Kyiv region the milk thistle plants accumulate a large amount of such heavy metals as cadmium, manganese, strontium, and zinc, which exceeds maximal acceptable degrees of accumulation and testifi es to partial pollution of region soils. It was established that the concentration of the main part of heavy metals in the product of processing milk thistle – oil – is decreased to the value under the threshold of analytic devices. This fact proves the pros- pects of growing milk thistle for industrial processing purposes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document