Effect of Different Solutions on the Handmade Composite Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-469
Author(s):  
Mihai Alin Pop ◽  
Virgil Geaman ◽  
Irinel Radomir ◽  
Tibor Bedo ◽  
Ioan Milosan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Biological Interaction ◽  
Experimental Researches

The paper presents the technology for obtaining the composite materials experimental samples � based on a resin reinforced with fiberglass, obtained manually and tested in terms of strength, corrosion behaviour and water absorption. In conducted experiments, these materials are recommended in order to produce finally: containers, tanks, hulls for boats, etc. It was also determined the effect of those solutions on the specimen�s surface. The experimental researches conducted and presented here are not studying and there are not made statements about the compatibility and the biological interaction between the composite material and solutions studied (distilled water, saline solution and acetic acid).

scholarly journals Absorption Curve and Germination of Jucá Seeds under Different Salts

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Danielle Marie Macedo Sousa ◽  
Celsemy Eleutério Maia ◽  
Elis Regina Costa de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Plant Tolerance ◽  
Water Control

<p>The plants are subjected to conditions of multiple stresses that limit their growth and development, which affects their chances of survival wherever they grow. To evaluate the plant tolerance to these conditions, one of the most used methods is the observation of seed germination under salt stress. The action of salts on the seeds varies widely among species and can exert toxic effects, causing damage before and/or after the onset of germination. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different salts in water absorption and germination in jucá seeds (<em>Libidibia ferrea</em>). For absorption and germination curve, were used non-scarified and scarified seeds, and subjected to the treatments in distilled water (control) and NaCl solutions, KCl, CaCl<sub>2</sub> and K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>, in an electric conductivity of 5 dS m<sup>-1</sup>. The saline solution composed by K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> influence on water absorption of <em>L. ferrea</em> in intact seeds. The scarified and non-scarified seeds of <em>L. ferrea</em> have different times for the physiological phases of water absorption. The action of salts in the germination and vigor in non-scarified and scarified seeds, does not significantly reduce these values due to electrical conductivity of 5 dS m<sup>-1</sup> not be enough to affect the seed germination of <em>L. ferrea</em>.</p>

scholarly journals Fabrication of Complex Polyelectrolyte Membrane of Chitosan-Pectin Crosslinked as Bioadsorbent

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Friska Septiani Silitonga
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Membrane ◽  
Medium Acidity

Biopolymers are polymers fabricated from natural polymers which are biodegradable, non-toxic and renewable. This research was aimed to synthesize and characterize biopolymer made from chitosan and pectin and was made to be a membrane cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and then characterized. The chitosan-pectin crosslinked glutaraldehyde polyelectrolite complex (PEC) and membrane can be used as a bioadsorbent for metal and cationic dyes. Firstly, PEC membrane chitosan-pectin crosslinked glutaraldehyde was synthesized by dissolving chitosan in acetic acid and pectin in distilled water and added with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinked agent, then heated at 70 °C. The amount of 1M NaOH solution was added for 12 hours and then cleaned with distilled water and dried at room temperature. Subsequently, the membrane was characterized with FTIR spectrophotometer, medium acidity test, and water uptake. The results of the characterization of PEC mebmbrane chitosan-pectin crosslinked glutaraldehyde with FTIR showed the interaction between –NH3+ of chitosan with –COO- group of pectin at a wavelength of 1604.77 cm-1. The medium acidity test showed that the PEC membrane chitosan-pectin crosslinked with glutaraldehyde was stable at pH 3-9 with water absorption of 266.67%, with the composition of chitosan-pectine membrane of 70:30 with 30% glutaraldehyde

Study of the Composite Materials Optimal Structure Containing a Hollow Aluminum and Silica Microsphere Dependence on Humidity

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Atyaksheva ◽  
Yermek Sarsikeyev ◽  
Anastasia Atyaksheva ◽  
Olga Galtseva ◽  
Alexander Rogachev
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Strength Function ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Optimal Structure ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Silica Microsphere ◽  
Heat Engineering

Aims:: The main goals of this research are exploration of energy-efficient building materials when replacing natural materials with industrial waste and development of the theory and practice of obtaining light and ultra-light gravel materials based on mineral binders and waste dump ash and slag mixtures of hydraulic removal. Background.: Experimental data on the conditions of formation of gravel materials containing hollow aluminum and silica microsphere with opportunity of receipt of optimum structure and properties depending on humidity with the using of various binders are presented in this article. This article dwells on the scientific study of opportunity physical-mechanical properties of composite materials optimization are considered. Objective.: Composite material contains hollow aluminum and silica microsphere. Method.: The study is based on the application of the method of separation of power and heat engineering functions. The method is based on the use of the factor structure optimality, which takes into account the primary and secondary stress fields of the structural gravel material. This indicates the possibility of obtaining gravel material with the most uniform distribution of nano - and microparticles in the gravel material and the formation of stable matrices with minimization of stress concentrations. Experiments show that the thickness of the cement shell, which performs power functions, is directly related to the size of the raw granules. At the same time, the thickness of the cement crust, regardless of the type of binder, with increasing moisture content has a higher rate of formation for granules of larger diameter. Results.: The conditions for the formation of gravel composite materials containing a hollow aluminosilicate microsphere are studied. The optimal structure and properties of the gravel composite material were obtained. The dependence of the strength function on humidity and the type of binder has been investigated. The optimal size and shape of binary form of gravel material containing a hollow aluminosilicate microsphere with a minimum thickness of a cement shell and a maximum strength function was obtained. Conclusion.: Received structure allows to separate power and heat engineering functions in material and to minimize the content of the excited environment centers.

Hierarchical ZSM-22/PHTS composite material and its hydro-isomerization performance in hydro-upgrading of gasoline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyuan Fan ◽  
Chengkun Xiao ◽  
Jinlin Mei ◽  
Cong Liu ◽  
Aijun Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Molar Ratios

CoMo series catalysts based on ZSM-22/PHTS (ZP) composite materials with different SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios were prepared via the impregnation method. The properties of the ZP material and the corresponding catalysts...

scholarly journals Acoustic Emission and K-S Metric Entropy as Methods for Determining Mechanical Properties of Composite Materials

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Lesław Kyzioł ◽  
Katarzyna Panasiuk ◽  
Grzegorz Hajdukiewicz ◽  
Krzysztof Dudzik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Entropy Method ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Metric Entropy ◽  
Plastic Phase

Due to the unique properties of polymer composites, these materials are used in many industries, including shipbuilding (hulls of boats, yachts, motorboats, cutters, ship and cooling doors, pontoons and floats, torpedo tubes and missiles, protective shields, antenna masts, radar shields, and antennas, etc.). Modern measurement methods and tools allow to determine the properties of the composite material, already during its design. The article presents the use of the method of acoustic emission and Kolmogorov-Sinai (K-S) metric entropy to determine the mechanical properties of composites. The tested materials were polyester-glass laminate without additives and with a 10% content of polyester-glass waste. The changes taking place in the composite material during loading were visualized using a piezoelectric sensor used in the acoustic emission method. Thanks to the analysis of the RMS parameter (root mean square of the acoustic emission signal), it is possible to determine the range of stresses at which significant changes occur in the material in terms of its use as a construction material. In the K-S entropy method, an important measuring tool is the extensometer, namely the displacement sensor built into it. The results obtained during the static tensile test with the use of an extensometer allow them to be used to calculate the K-S metric entropy. Many materials, including composite materials, do not have a yield point. In principle, there are no methods for determining the transition of a material from elastic to plastic phase. The authors showed that, with the use of a modern testing machine and very high-quality instrumentation to record measurement data using the Kolmogorov-Sinai (K-S) metric entropy method and the acoustic emission (AE) method, it is possible to determine the material transition from elastic to plastic phase. Determining the yield strength of composite materials is extremely important information when designing a structure.

scholarly journals Development of Detailed FE Numerical Models for Assessing the Replacement of Metal with Composite Materials Applied to an Executive Aircraft Wing

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Valerio Acanfora ◽  
Roberto Petillo ◽  
Salvatore Incognito ◽  
Gerardo Mario Mirra ◽  
Aniello Riccio
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Aircraft Wing ◽  
Resin Infusion ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Liquid Resin Infusion ◽  
Process Constraints

This work provides a feasibility and effectiveness analysis, through numerical investigation, of metal replacement of primary components with composite material for an executive aircraft wing. In particular, benefits and disadvantages of replacing metal, usually adopted to manufacture this structural component, with composite material are explored. To accomplish this task, a detailed FEM numerical model of the composite aircraft wing was deployed by taking into account process constraints related to Liquid Resin Infusion, which was selected as the preferred manufacturing technique to fabricate the wing. We obtained a geometric and material layup definition for the CFRP components of the wing, which demonstrated that the replacement of the metal elements with composite materials did not affect the structural performance and can guarantee a substantial advantage for the structure in terms of weight reduction when compared to the equivalent metallic configuration, even for existing executive wing configurations.

scholarly journals The Effect of Acetic Acid Treatments on the Quality of Stored Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Seeds

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Hanna Dorna ◽  
Agnieszka Rosińska ◽  
Dorota Szopińska
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Alternaria Dauci ◽  
Acid Treatments

Alternaria dauci (J.G. Kühn) J.W. Groves et Skolko and A. radicina Meier, Drechsler et E.D. Eddy are important seed-transmitted pathogens of carrot. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acetic acid treatments on the quality of stored carrot seeds. Seeds of two samples were soaked for 30 min in 0.5, 1 and 2% acetic acid. Controls included untreated seeds, seeds soaked in distilled water and seeds treated with fungicide Zaprawa Nasienna T 75 WS/DS (a.i. thiram 75%). Germination, vigour and health of untreated and treated seeds were evaluated before and after 5 and 12 months of storage at 4 and 20 °C. Seeds of both samples treated with 0.5 and 1% acetic acid were characterized by higher germination capacity after storage than untreated seeds. However, treatments with 1 and 2% acetic acid negatively affected seed vigour. Generally, seeds of both samples treated with acetic acid were characterized by lower infestation with A. alternata and A. radicina after storage than untreated seeds and seeds soaked in distilled water. Moreover, acetic acid often controlled these fungi more effectively than the fungicide. Regardless of the storage duration, infestation with fungi was higher if seeds of both samples were stored at a lower temperature.

Study on Mechanical Properties of the Composite Materials Film by Speckle Projection Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Wen Wen Liu ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Yun Hai Du ◽  
Xian Zhong Xu ◽  
Da Quan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Projection Method ◽  
Dynamic Deformation ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Deformation Measurement ◽  
Lens Distortion

An improved accurate speckle projection method is used for study the mechanical properties of the composite material film in the paper. A system for deformation measurement is developed with the telecentric lenses, in which such conventional lens’ disadvantages such as lens distortion and perspective error will be diminished. Experiments are performed to validate the availability and reliability of the calibration method. The system can also be used to measure the dynamic deformation and then results are also given.

Stress Field of Semi-Infinite Interface Crack Tip of Double Dissimilar Orthotropic Composite Materials

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1223-1226
Author(s):  
Jun Lin Li ◽  
Shao Qin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Interface Crack ◽  
Interfacial Crack ◽  
Crack Tip ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Displacement Fields ◽  
Orthotropic Composite ◽  
Stress Functions ◽  
Secular Equations

The problem of orthotropic composite materials semi-infinite interfacial crack was studied, by constructing new stress functions and employing the method of composite material complex. In the case that the secular equations’ discriminates the and theoretical solutions to the stress fields and the displacement fields near semi-infinite interface crack tip without oscillation and inter-embedding between the interfaces of the crack are obtained, a comparison with finite element example was done to verify the correction of theoretical solution.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Strength and Corrosion Resistant Properties of Plain and Blended Cement Concrete Types

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Velu Saraswathy ◽  
Subbiah Karthick ◽  
Han Seung Lee ◽  
Seung-Jun Kwon ◽  
Hyun-Min Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Blended Cement ◽  
Effective Porosity ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Chloride Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Chloride Permeability ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Lower Corrosion Rate ◽  
Portland Slag Cement

The relative performances of mechanical, permeability, and corrosion resistance properties of different concrete types were compared. Concrete types were made from ordinary Portland cement (OPC), Portland pozzolana cement (PPC), and Portland slag cement (PSC). Compressive strength test, effective porosity test, coefficient of water absorption, short-term accelerated impressed voltage test, and rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT) were conducted on M30 and M40 grades of concrete designed with OPC, PPC, and PSC cements for 28- and 90-day cured concrete types. Long-term studies such as microcell and electrochemical evaluation were carried out to understand the corrosion behaviour of rebar embedded in different concrete types. Better corrosion resistant properties were observed for PSC concrete by showing a minimum current flow, lowest free chloride contents, and lesser porosity. Besides, PSC concrete has shown less coefficient of water absorption, chloride diffusion coefficient (CDC), and lower corrosion rate and thereby the time taken for initiation of crack extended.

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