Why Security Science?

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-21
Author(s):  
Gordan Akrap ◽  
Ivica Mandić
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Security Science

In this paper, the authors are discussing the need to introduce security sciences as a new scientific field within the existing organization of social sciences. The development of quality, usable, and functional human knowledge and skills have been guaranteed safe and undisturbed development of individuals and communities since the beginning of their existence. The development of society has led to a change of paradigms on which reflections and analyses about security, conflict and war rested. This, in turn, brings us to the situation of the need to change those paradigms of organization, principles, concepts, and theories of security as a new scientific discipline that should enable the continuation of safe and unhindered development of human society.

scholarly journals A place for intelligence studies as a scientific discipline

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Solberg Søilen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intelligence Studies

Is the field of Competitive Intelligence (CI) or Intelligence Studies (IS) a proper scientific field of study? The empirical investigation found that academic and professional within CI and IS could not agree upon what dimensions, topics or content are handled by their own area of interest that is not covered by other areas of study. In fact, most topics listed as special for CI and IS are covered by other established scientific journals. Most topics are covered by other disciplines. The data also showed that the same group could not list any analysis that is not used by other areas of study. It shows that a majority of the analyses the respondents think are unique to their study come from the area of strategy and military intelligence. However, this does not mean that CI and IS does not have its own place or niche as a study and discipline. It is suggested here, but further investigation is encouraged, that CI and IS brings a number of unique dimension to the social sciences.

scholarly journals PLACING ACCOUNTING AMONG SCIENCES

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Deju ◽  
Petrică Stoica
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Social Facts ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Times

Framing accounting as a science has been carried out in close connection with the development of knowledge in this field and with the meaning given to this concept of “science”. Recognizing accounting as scientific field by specialists is due to the fact that it features a combination of accounting theory and methods for the development and application of these theories. Accounting is a scientific discipline in the social sciences because: it is a creation of the human being in response to practical needs; it reflects phenomena, activities and social facts; it addresses various groups of users (managers, bankers, shareholders, employees, tax bodies, etc.) which are an integral part of society; it offers information necessary to decision-making, most of the times with impact on the behaviour of individuals; it is influenced by the economic, social, legal and political environment, that is by social phenomena.

A Critical Look at Critical Realism: Some Observations on the Problems of the Metatheory

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Käpylä ◽  
Harri Mikkola
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ontological Turn

International Relations as a scientific discipline can be considered elusive and, in a sense, “under debate.” A distinctive feature of the theoretical debates of the discipline has been the various calls for different kinds of theoretical and metatheoretical “turns.” In this atmosphere, the return of ontologically oriented IR theorizing based on Critical Realism has increased in influence. The aim of this article is to problematize some of the formulations of Critical Realist metatheory, especially in relation to the notions of correspondence, retroduction and emergence. The article will argue that in the context of the social sciences, two things are highly problematic. The first problem is the quest for establishing “heavy ontological furniture” as a backbone for scientific research. The second problem is the attempt to combine the fallibility of human knowledge with the “getting things right” attitude based on correspondence-like concepts of truth. The article concludes with a recommendation for a healthy caution towards the Critical Realist aspiration for the “ontological turn” in the social sciences.

scholarly journals Post-Islamism and Intellectual Production: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Evolution of Contemporary Islamic Thought

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Mohamed Amine Brahimi ◽  
Houssem Ben Lazreg
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Islamic Reform ◽  
The Social ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Thinking Differently ◽  
Intellectual Production ◽  
Representative Samples

The advent of the 1990s marked, among other things, the restructuring of the Muslim world in its relation to Islam. This new context has proved to be extremely favorable to the emergence of scholars who define themselves as reformists or modernists. They have dedicated themselves to reform in Islam based on the values of peace, human rights, and secular governance. One can find an example of this approach in the works of renowned intellectuals such as Farid Esack, Mohamed Talbi, or Mohamed Arkoun, to name a few. However, the question of Islamic reform has been debated during the 19th and 20th centuries. This article aims to comprehend the historical evolution of contemporary reformist thinkers in the scientific field. The literature surrounding these intellectuals is based primarily on content analysis. These approaches share a type of reading that focuses on the interaction and codetermination of religious interpretations rather than on the relationships and social dynamics that constitute them. Despite these contributions, it seems vital to question this contemporary thinking differently: what influence does the context of post-Islamism have on the emergence of this intellectual trend? What connections does it have with the social sciences and humanities? How did it evolve historically? In this context, the researchers will analyze co-citations in representative samples to illustrate the theoretical framework in which these intellectuals are located, and its evolution. Using selected cases, this process will help us to both underline the empowerment of contemporary Islamic thought and the formation of a real corpus of works seeking to reform Islam.

International Educational Standards for Homeoprophylaxis

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Greg Cope
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Professional Standards ◽  
Educational Standards ◽  
Education Standards ◽  
Knowledge And Skills

Homeopathic education standards are regulated by a range of variable practices in different countries. Professional organisations commonly regulate courses without statutory support for this task. Statutory enforcement of educational standards (with/without statutory registration of practitioners) is relatively uncommon. The development of professional standards in homeopathic education has increased in recent decades; however, most systems remain voluntary and provide guidance rather enforce requirements. Educational standards include a significant degree of commonality in homeopathic knowledge and skills, with larger variations in biosciences, social sciences and research methodology. Homeopathic prophylactic techniques are an exception to this commonality, and are rarely well addressed in educational guidelines despite the attention they receive within the community. Public health and infectious disease training is similarly inadequately addressed as underpinning knowledge for prophylactic prescribing approaches in practice.

scholarly journals القيم الأخلاقية والعلوم الاجتماعية: نحو إبستمولوجية القيم الحاكمة

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (80) ◽  
pp. 109-77
Author(s):  
عبد الرزاق بلعقروز
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Integrated Methodology ◽  
Ideal Form ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dominant Paradigm

 يناقش هذا البحث النموذج المعرفي السائد حول صلة القيم الأخلاقية بالعلوم الاجتماعية، خاصّةً في الميدان النفسي؛ إذ تطالعنا المساءلة التحليلية بهيمنة نموذج الفصل بين القيمة والمعرفة لأسباب ترتبط بالنموذج الحداثي، الذي قام على مبدأ عزل الأخلاق عن العلوم، والرؤية التجزيئية للقيم ضمن نظريات القيمة المعاصرة؛ ما أورث علوماً اجتماعيةً مأزومةً إبستمولوجياً، وغير محيطة بمختلف جوانب الإنسان، ممّا اقتضى تجديد منهج النظر في الصلة الـمُمزَّقة بين القيم والعلوم الاجتماعية؛ استئناساً بالخبرة الحضارية، واعتماداً على نموذج حاكمية القيمة على المعرفة الإنسانية، ضمن منهجية تكاملية بينهما. وقد حدّدنا مقاصد الجمع بينهما في مقصد العدل، والحرية، والصلاح، مراهنين على منظومة التربية والتعليم بوصفها أوعيةً لنقل هذا الأمل من الوجود المثالي إلى الوجود الواقعي. This article discusses the dominant paradigm on the relationship between values and Social sciences, especially psychology. The analysis of such relationship would find a paradigm of separation between value and knowledge, due to the model of modernity that stands on isolating morals from sciences, and to the fragmentary viewpoint of contemporary theories of values. As a result of this we have an epistemological crisis in social sciences that do not cover various aspects of human realities. This has necessitated the need to reconsider this torn relationships making use of the civilizational experience, and depending on the paradigm of supremacy of values on human knowledge, within an integrated methodology. To do just that we have identified three combing purposes, i.e.: justice, freedom, and soundness. System of education should be the means to transfer this hope from its ideal form into reality.

scholarly journals Air Transport Terrorism: One of the most Feared Types of Asymmetric Security Threat

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-239
Author(s):  
Radoslav IVANČÍK ◽  
Pavel NEČAS
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
Security Science

This paper presents the ongoing research and, deals, in the framework of interdisciplinary scientific research, with various military and non-military threats and their negative impact on the security of contemporary human society. In this research, the authors point out the continuous deterioration of the global and regional security environment and the growth of symmetric and asymmetric security threats with focus on the air transport, and the resulting negative consequences for the security of the states and their citizens. In order to contribute to the development of security science, the authors examine the issues of terrorism as an asymmetric security threat, focusing in particular on terrorism and terrorist activities of the air transport and measures taken to eliminate terrorism in the airspace.

Future Developments of E-Modules

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Alina Christova
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Content Structure ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Learning Platform ◽  
Interactive Tools ◽  
E Learning

E-learning tools can be found on an occasional basis in higher education, in particular regarding social sciences. This paper concentrates on envisaged future developments of E-Modules, the innovative e-learning platform on European Union matters created by the Institute for European Studies, which is an autonomous department of the Free University Brussels. First, it provides an overview of the strategy and the concept of E-Modules as well as content, structure and main features of the e-learning tool including best practices and current challenges. The author also explores in depth the role interactive tools and multimedia can play in enhancing the transfer of knowledge and skills to the users of the E-Modules.

Why Thomas Reid Matters to the Epistemology of the Social Sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (279) ◽  
pp. 282-301
Author(s):  
Laurent Jaffro ◽  
Vinícius França Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Action ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Reasoning ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Mind

Abstract Little attention has been paid to the fact that Thomas Reid's epistemology applies to ‘political reasoning’ as well as to various operations of the mind. Reid was interested in identifying the ‘first principles’ of political science as he did with other domains of human knowledge. This raises the question of the extent to which the study of human action falls within the competence of ‘common sense’. Our aim is to reconstruct and assess Reid's epistemology of the sciences of social action and to determine how it connects with the fundamental tenets of his general epistemology. In the first part, we portray Reid as a methodological individualist and focus on the status of the first principles of political reasoning. The second part examines Reid's views on the explanatory power of the principles of human action. Finally, we draw a parallel between Reid's epistemology and the methodology of Weberian sociology.

A Theme for Social Sciences?

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
Michael Drake
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proper Form ◽  
The Social

In recent years the quest for the proper form and content of social science studies has been a major preoccupation of academics. The reasons for this are numerous: the very rapid expansion of higher education generally and the particularly marked demand for the social sciences has led to a proliferation of new departments; brash young men have been promoted early (too early, many would say) to positions of power within the universities; the increasingly vocal criticism by the consumers of education – the students themselves – and, perhaps most important of all, a growing desire to re-aggregate human knowledge to counter the trend towards ever narrower degrees of specialism. All these factors have contributed to a mounting dissatisfaction with the traditional ways of studying the social sciences – that is, in almost hermetically sealed departments of economics, of politics, of sociology, and so on. Instead attempts have been made to draw the various social sciences together in studies of particular areas (Britain, Latin America, the underdeveloped world, the ‘new nations’); or of particular processes such as industrialisation, or urbanisation; or of particular problems as associated with, for instance, poverty or race. Each of these represents, of course, a multi- or inter-disciplinary approach to the study of the social sciences. Over the past four years I have been associated with two attempts to produce an integrated, inter-disciplinary course in social sciences. One was a failure; the other, my current preoccupation, is, I think, promising. What I have to say tonight is concerned with an analysis of these two intellectual experiments.

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