Fatty Acid Profiles and Volatile Compounds in the White Adipose Tissue of Sprague Dawley Rats After Inhalation of Patchouli Essential Oil

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of short-term low-fat (LF) and high-fat (HF) diets on fed-state hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG) secretion, the content of proteins involved in TAG assembly and secretion, fatty acid oxidation (FAO), and the fatty acid profile of stored TAG. Using selectively bred obese-prone Sprague–Dawley rats, we directly measured fed-state hepatic TAG secretion, using Tyloxapol (a lipoprotein lipase inhibitor) and a standardized oral mixed meal (45% carbohydrate, 40% fat, 15% protein) bolus in animals fed a HF or LF diet for 2 weeks, after which the rats were maintained on their respective diet for 1 week (washout) prior to the liver being excised to measure protein content, FAO, and TAG fatty acid profiles. Hepatic DGAT-1 protein expression was ∼27% lower in HF- than in LF-fed animals (p < 0.05); the protein expression of all other molecules was similar in the 2 diets. The fed-state hepatic TAG secretion rate was ∼39% lower (p < 0.05) in HF- (4.62 ± 0.18 mmol·h−1) than in LF- (7.60 ± 0.57 mmol·h−1) fed animals. Hepatic TAG content was ∼2-fold higher (p < 0.05) in HF- (1.07 ± 0.15 nmol·g−1tissue) than in LF- (0.50 ± 0.16 nmol·g−1tissue) fed animals. In addition, the fatty acid profile of liver TAG in HF-fed animals closely resembled the diet, whereas in LF-fed animals, the fatty acid profile consisted of mostly de novo synthesized fatty acids. FAO was not altered by diet. LF and HF diets differentially alter fed-state hepatic TAG secretion, hepatic fatty acid profiles, and DGAT-1 protein expression.

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Dietary Effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Lipid Levels in White Adipose Tissue of Sprague-Dawley Rats

Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1271/bbb.63.1104 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 1104-1106 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Masao YAMASAKI ◽

Keiko MANSHO ◽

Hiroko MISHIMA ◽

Masaaki KASAI ◽

Michihiro SUGANO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Lipid Levels ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

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Trans-10,cis-12-CLA-Caused Lipodystrophy Is Associated with Profound Changes of Fatty Acid Profiles of Liver, White Adipose Tissue and Erythrocytes in Mice: Possible Link to Tissue-Specific Alterations of Fatty Acid Desaturation

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000319877 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 103-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Anke Jaudszus ◽

Peter Moeckel ◽

Eckard Hamelmann ◽

Gerhard Jahreis

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid Desaturation ◽

Fatty Acid Profiles ◽

Tissue Specific

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Fatty acid oxidation and triacylglycerol hydrolysis are enhanced after chronic leptin treatment in rats

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00303.2001 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 282 (3) ◽

pp. E593-E600 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Gregory R. Steinberg ◽

Arend Bonen ◽

David J. Dyck

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Uncoupling Protein ◽

Oxidative Capacity ◽

Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽

Acid Oxidation ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Triacylglycerol Hydrolysis ◽

Hormone Sensitive

Leptin acutely increases fatty acid (FA) oxidation and triacylglycerol (TG) hydrolysis and decreases TG esterification in oxidative rodent muscle. However, the effects of chronic leptin administration on FA metabolism in skeletal muscle have not been examined. We hypothesized that chronic leptin treatment would enhance TG hydrolysis as well as the capacity to oxidize FA in soleus (SOL) muscle. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were infused for 2 wk with leptin (LEPT; 0.5 mg · kg−1 · day−1) by use of subcutaneously implanted miniosmotic pumps. Control (AD-S) and pair-fed (PF-S) animals received saline-filled implants. Subsequently, FA metabolism was monitored for 45 min in isolated, resting, and contracting (20 tetani/min) SOL muscles by means of pulse-chase procedures. Food intake (−33 ± 2%, P < 0.01) and body mass (−12.5 ± 4%, P = 0.01) were reduced in both LEPT and PF-S animals. Leptin levels were elevated (+418 ± 7%, P < 0.001) in treated animals but reduced in PF-S animals (−73 ± 8%, P< 0.05) relative to controls. At rest, TG hydrolysis was increased in leptin-treated rats (1.8 ± 2.2, AD-S vs. 23.5 ± 8.1 nmol/g wet wt, LEPT; P < 0.001). In contracting SOL muscles, TG hydrolysis (1.5 ± 0.6, AD-S vs. 3.6 ± 1.0 μmol/g wet wt, LEPT; P = 0.02) and palmitate oxidation (18.3 ± 6.7, AD-S vs. 45.7 ± 9.9 nmol/g wet wt, LEPT; P < 0.05) were both significantly increased by leptin treatment. Chronic leptin treatment had no effect on TG esterification either at rest or during contraction. Markers of overall (citrate synthase) and FA (hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase) oxidative capacity were unchanged with leptin treatment. Protein expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was also unaltered following leptin treatment. Thus leptin-induced increases in lipolysis are likely due to HSL activation (i.e., phosphorylation). Increased FA oxidation secondary to chronic leptin treatment is not due to an enhanced oxidative capacity and may be a result of enhanced flux into the mitochondrion (i.e., carnitine palmitoyltransferase I regulation) or electron transport uncoupling (i.e., uncoupling protein-3 expression).

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Metabolism and secretory function of white adipose tissue: effect of dietary fat

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/s0001-37652009000300010 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 453-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Cláudia M. Oller do Nascimento ◽

Eliane B. Ribeiro ◽

Lila M. Oyama

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Dietary Fat ◽

Dietary Fatty Acids ◽

Secretory Function ◽

High Fat ◽

Adipose Tissue Metabolism ◽

Tissue Metabolism

Approximately 40% of the total energy consumed by western populations is represented by lipids, most of them being ingested as triacylglycerols and phospholipids. The focus of this review is to analyze the effect of the type of dietary fat on white adipose tissue metabolism and secretory function, particularly on haptoglobin, TNF-α, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and adiponectin secretion. Previous studies have demonstrated that the duration of the exposure to the high-fat feeding, amount of fatty acid present in the diet and the type of fatty acid may or may not have a significant effect on adipose tissue metabolism. However, the long-term or short-term high fat diets, especially rich in saturated fatty acids, probably by activation of toll-like receptors, stimulated the expression of proinflammatory adipokines and inhibited adiponectin expression. Further studies are needed to investigate the cellular mechanisms by which dietary fatty acids affect white adipose tissue metabolism and secretory functions.

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