scholarly journals Species Diversity And Resistance Markers of Candida Yeasts In COVID Positive and COVID Negative Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
N. V. Aronova ◽  
N. V. Pavlovich ◽  
M. V. Tsymbalistova ◽  
M. V. Poleeva ◽  
A. S. Anisimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background. At the height of the novel coronavirus infection, the risk of fungal coinfection increases due to a decrease in the immune status of patients and massive antibacterial therapy, which leads to a complication in the course of the underlying disease and increases the risk of an unfavorable outcome. Therefore, it is necessary not only to identify all associates that cause the infectious process, but also to determine their sensitivity to antibacterial and antifungal drugs in order to select an adequate treatment regimen for a patient.The aim of the study was to investigate the species composition of fungal associates in corona positive and corona negative patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), as well as to determine the spectrum of sensitivity/resistance of yeasts and yeast-like fungi to antimycotic drugs.Material and methods. The species composition of the fungal microflora in sputum samples from 723 patients with CAP, sent from a health care facility in Rostov-on-Don, was investigated. The isolated cultures were identified using bacteriological and mass spectrometric methods. The sensitivity of yeasts to antimycotic drugs was determined by disk-diffusion method.Results. It has been established that yeast and yeast-like fungi were present in sputum samples in 31–32% of patients with CAP in etiologically significant quantities. 10 different types of yeast and yeast-like fungi were identified. Candida albicans was the predominant species in terms of the number of isolated cultures (83%). A re-examination of corona positive patients after their hospital stay revealed a tendency towards an increase in the number and intensity of manifestation of candidal lesions. Moreover, a change in Candida species has been registered, which entails a change in their sensitivity to antifungal drugs. A high percentage of strains resistant to fluconazole was identified after determining the sensitivity of fungi to antimycotics.Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate that yeast and yeast-like fungi are the dominant associates in complicated forms of CAP. In this regard, it seems appropriate to provide individual microbiological support to patients during their treatment with the identification of all pathogens.

scholarly journals Kegiatan Pemantauan Kasus Covid 19

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Indra Karana
Keyword(s):  
Community Service ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The City ◽  
At Home

ABSTRAKCOVID-19 adalah penyakit yang disebabkan Novel Coronavirus 2019. Gejalanya bergejala mirip dengan flu biasa, namun COVID-19 sampai saat ini memiliki fatalitas lebih tinggi dan virus ini juga menyebar dengan sangat cepat karena bisa pindah dari orang ke orang bahkan sebelum orang tersebut menunjukkan gejala. Cara isolasi mandiri dirumah yaitu selalu memakai masker dan membuang masker bekas ditempat yang ditentukan,  jika sakit (ada gejala demam, flu dan batuk) maka tetap di rumah. Jangan pergi bekerja, sekolah, ke pasar atau ke ruang publik untuk mencegah penularan masyarakat, manfaatkan fasilitas telemedicine atau sosial media kesehatan dan hindari transportasi publik. Beritahu dokter dan perawat tentang keluhan dan gejala, serta riwayat bekerja ke daerah terjangkit atau kontak dengan pasien COVID-19, selama dirumah, bisa bekerja di rumah. Gunakan kamar terpisah dari anggota keluarga lainya, dan jaga jarak 1 meter dari anggota keluarga, tentukan pengecekan suhu harian, amati batuk dan sesak nafas. Hindari pemakaian bersama peralatan makan dan mandi dan tempat tidur, terapkan perilaku hidup sehat dan bersih, serta konsumsi makanan bergizi, mencuci tangan dengan sabun dan air mengalir dan lakukan etika batuk dan bersin, jaga kebersihan dan kesehatan rumah dengan cairan desinfektan. Selalu berada di ruang terbuka dan berjemur di bawah sinar matahari setiap pagi (±15-30 menit), Hubungi segera fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan jika sakit berlanjut seperti sesak nafas dan demam tinggi, untuk mendapatkan perawatan lebih lanjut. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk melakukan pemantauan kasus covid 19 di Kota Bandung. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini memberikan pelayanan dengan melakukan pemantauan agar mengetahui keadaan, kondisi dan perkembangan yang dialami oleh warga yang terpapar covid 19 di Kota Bandung. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat diperoleh seluruh warga yang terpapar covid 19 sudah dalam keadaan sehat dan pulih seperti sedia kala. Kata Kunci: Pemantauan kasus covid 19. ABSTRACT COVID-19 is a disease caused by the 2019 Novel Coronavirus. The symptoms are similar to the common cold, but COVID-19 has so far had a higher fatality and this virus also spreads very quickly because it can move from person to person even before the person shows symptoms. . The way to self-isolate at home is to always wear a mask and throw away used masks in the designated place, if you are sick (symptoms of fever, flu and cough) then stay at home. Do not go to work, school, to the market or to public spaces to prevent community transmission, take advantage of telemedicine facilities or health social media and avoid public transportation. Tell doctors and nurses about complaints and symptoms, as well as a history of working in infected areas or in contact with COVID-19 patients, while at home, you can work at home. Use a separate room from other family members, and keep a distance of 1 meter from family members, determine daily temperature checks, observe coughs and shortness of breath. Avoid sharing eating and bathing utensils and bedding, apply healthy and clean living habits, and consume nutritious food, wash hands with soap and running water and practice coughing and sneezing etiquette, keep your home clean and healthy with disinfectant liquid. Always be in an open space and bask in the sun every morning (±15-30 minutes), Contact the health care facility immediately if the illness persists such as shortness of breath and high fever, to get further treatment. The purpose of this community service is to monitor COVID-19 cases in the city of Bandung. This community service activity provides services by monitoring to find out the conditions, conditions, and developments experienced by residents exposed to COVID-19 in the city of Bandung. The results of community service were obtained that all residents who were exposed to COVID-19 were in good health and recovered as usual. Keywords: Monitoring cases of covid 19.

scholarly journals Knowledge and perception about the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic among patients attending a rural primary health care facility in Delhi

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1494
Author(s):  
Ekta Arora ◽  
Nidhi Budh ◽  
Rohit Katre ◽  
Bratati Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Primary Health Care Facility ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Correct Knowledge ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Another decade is suffering from the wrath of another coronavirus. Currently, this pandemic has spread to almost all countries of the world taking lives of millions of people globally. This study has uncovered the perceived facts about COVID-19 by general population as well as the effect of IEC in modulating their perception and presenting right amount of information in a scientific manner. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out at rural health training center, Barwala on patients attending out-patient department at RHTC, for a duration of 2 months. Pre-tested questionnaire for assessing public perception and awareness were used to collect data. Appropriate statistical tests were applied to find out association between different variables. Majority of study subjects (98.5%) were aware about the ongoing pandemic of COVID-19. Out of the total study subjects, 90% of them had correct knowledge about various preventive strategies undertaken to break the chain of transmission. However, only about half of the study subjects (53.1%) had correct knowledge regarding various modes of transmission of novel coronavirus. Motivating the people to report any possible infection and to follow the preventive strategies being recommended by experts on timely basis is an important aspect to curb the ongoing menace of COVID-19.

Pneumonia

2012 ◽  
pp. 256-266
Author(s):  
Priya Sampathkumar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Pulmonary Parenchyma ◽  
Time Of Admission

There are 2 basic types of pneumonia: community-acquired pneumonia and nosocomial pneumonia. Community-acquired pneumonia is an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma acquired while the patient was in the community rather than in a hospital. Older or immunosuppressed patients with CAP may present with nonrespiratory symptoms: confusion, failure to thrive, worsening of an underlying chronic illness, or falls. Nosocomial pneumonia: pneumonia that develops more than 48 hours after admission to a health care facility and which was not incubating at the time of admission. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are also reviewed.

scholarly journals Plasmid Profile Analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Wound Infections in a General Hospital in Southern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
F. Z. Uyanga ◽  
I. A. Ibanga
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Open Wound ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase

Background/Purpose: Open wound infection is a serious problem especially with extended-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative bacteria such as P. aeruginosa. The purpose of this research was to identify open wound infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and also determine their plasmid profile. Methods:  A total of 50 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were obtained from clinical wound swabs in a secondary health care facility. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were identified using Microbact 24E system kit. Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method. ESBL production was detected using Double Disk Synergy Test (DDST) and CHROMagar ESBL (France). Six different antibiotic discs were used to determine the susceptibility pattern of the isolates. Plasmids were extracted using ZR plasmid Miniprep classic extraction Kit. Electrophoresis of the DNA was carried out on 0.8% w/v agarose gel. Results: The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 63%. The antibiotic resistance pattern showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly resistant against cefotaxime (90%), ofloxacin (80%), ceftazidime (55%), azetronam (60%), imipenem (25%), amoxicillin clavulanic acid (35%) and amikacin (30%). Plasmid profile was carried out on 20 selected multidrug resistant isolates; those resistant to three or more classes of antibiotics. Plasmid content of the isolates were found to be 90%. All isolates that had plasmid were resistant to cefotaxim, ceftazidime, azetronam, ofloxacin and amikacin. Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance by P. aeruginosa is increasingly high in wound infections and appears to be linked to the presence of plasmid and ESBL enzymes.

scholarly journals Anti-adherence and Anti-fungal Abilities of Thymol and Carvacrol Against Candida Species Isolated From Patients with Oral Candidiasis in Comparison with Fluconazole and Voriconazole

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aghil Sharifzadeh ◽  
Hojjatollah Shokri ◽  
Farzad Katiraee
Keyword(s):  
Candida Species ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anti Fungal

Background: Natural isopropyl cresols, such as thymol and carvacrol, have been known to have antifungal activities. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the anti-adherence and antifungal activities of thymol, carvacrol, fluconazole, and voriconazole against oral isolates of Candida albicans (C. albicans), C. glabrata, and C. krusei. Methods: The susceptibility assay for the test compounds was performed using the disk diffusion method against all Candida isolates. Also, anti-adherence activity was examined using a rapid and highly reproducible 96 well microtiter-based method. Results: Both natural phenols and antifungal drugs revealed various efficacies against studied Candida species. The susceptibility to fluconazole and voriconazole were 100% for C. albicans, 50% and 90% for C. glabrata, and 0% and 100% for C. krusei isolates, respectively. The mean diameter of the inhibition zone was greater for thymol than carvacrol in C. albicans (19.89 ± 0.80 mm versus 17.05 ± 0.61 mm), C. glabrata (18.87 ± 0.71 mm versus 15.77 ± 0.57 mm), and C. krusei (15.11 ± 0.91 mm versus 13.91 ± 1.04 mm) isolates tested. Thymol showed more effective inhibition on adherence of all Candida species than other treatments. The mean relative adherence ratios for C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. krusei were 0.50, 0.60, and 0.64, respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrated significant inhibitory properties of thymol and carvacrol on the adherence and growth of azole susceptible- and -resistant Candida isolates. Also, thymol was more effective for preventing the adherence of yeast cells to polystyrene in comparison to carvacrol.

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of some vegetal extracts on Candida biofilms developed on inert substratum

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 015-023 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Variable Intensity ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Coordinated Expression

Essential oils extracted from Citrus maxima (epicarp), Anethum graveolens (fruits) and Picea abies (leaves) were investigated for their ability to inhibit the growth and coordinated expression of virulence factors in Candida sp. strains recently isolated from clinical specimens, identified by using Vitek II automatic system and tested for susceptibility to antifungal drugs by E-test method. Plant materials were hydrodistiled in a Neo Clevenger type apparatus. Qualitative screening was performed using killing time curve and an adapted disk diffusion method. The microtiter method was used for establishing the influence of the essential oils on the microbial adherence to inert substrata. Subinhibitory concentrations of the tested essential oils were studied for their interference with the expression of soluble enzymatic virulence factors. All extracts exhibited an inhibitory activity of variable intensity on the microbial growth of planktonic as well as adherent strains, demonstrating the potential effect of the active compounds on the coordinated expression of virulence factors and consequently, on the initiation and progression of a fungal biofilm associated infection.

scholarly journals Impact and Adaptation of Reproductive Training During COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Abdul Kadir Abdul Karim ◽  
◽  
Muhammad Azrai Abu ◽  
Mohd Faizal Ahmad ◽  
Norazilah Mat Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Health Care Facility ◽  
Simulator Training ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the community at large. It has affected almost everyone and every aspect of social, economic and educational activities. Training in reproductive medicine has not been spared, as training in this field requires a combination of clinical interaction with patients, procedural experience, constant discussions and the element of research. The changes to numbers of new infections or active cases dictate the restrictions placed on the community and health care services alike. At the beginning of the pandemic, both the patients’ fear of going to a health care facility and movement restrictions had caused a significant reduction in the number of COVID-19 cases. Furthermore, the Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia’s recommendation to withhold all non-essential medical services, including those related to reproductive medicine, falls under this category. Therefore, it could negatively impact the quality of training and lead to an extension of training duration in reproductive medicine. Thus, the procedural experience could be supplemented with simulator training, teleconsultation could replace standard clinic sessions and online meeting platforms could replace routine academic meetings. Any modifications must be adaptable or flexible, as similar infectious pandemics and restrictions could recur from time to time.

scholarly journals Community-Acquired Pneumonia of Bacterial Etiology and the Spectrum of Pathogen Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Corona-Positive and Corona-Negative Patients in Rostov-on-Don

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
N. V. Pavlovich ◽  
М. V. Tsymbalistova ◽  
N. V. Aronova ◽  
A. S. Anisimova ◽  
S. О. Vodopyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
High Degree

Relevance. In the context of the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus infection, the course of viral pneumonia is often complicated by the addition of bacterial microflora due to a decrease in the body's immune status. The causative agents of such a co-infection can exhibit multiple drug resistance, which significantly reduces the effectiveness of etiotropic therapy. In this regard, it seems expedient to provide microbiological support to patients in order to select the most optimal treatment regimens. Aim. To study the composition of bacterial pathogens’ species, that cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in corona-positive (COVID-19+) and corona-negative (COVID-19–) patients and to determine the spectrum of their sensitivity/resistance to antibacterial drugs. Material and methods. The species composition of microorganisms in sputum samples from 723 patients with CAP, who were admitted from the healthcare facility in Rostov-on-Don in August and December 2020 were studied. The isolated cultures were identified using bacteriological and mass spectrometric methods. The sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method. Results. It was shown that in August pneumococci and  staphylococci prevailed in the spectrum of CAP pathogens, while in December the percentage of excretions of Acinetobacter spp. and S. haemolyticus increased. Various types of p. Candida yeast were found with a high degree of isolation, COVID-19 + patients showed a tendency towards greater contamination (I104 mcl/ml). Some pathogens (A.baumannii, S.haemolyticus, P.aeruginosa, S.maltophilia) are characterized by polydrug resistance, and some strains of these species are pan-resistant to all groups of antibiotics. Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate that severe forms of community-acquired pneumonia can be caused by viral-bacterial and viral-bacterial-yeast combinations of pathogens, including bacteria with a narrow spectrum of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. 

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw cow and goat milk produced in the Tiaret and Souk Ahras areas of Algeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1929-1934
Author(s):  
Sofiane Tamendjari ◽  
Farida Afri Bouzebda ◽  
Lina Chaib ◽  
Hebib Aggad ◽  
Mohammed Ramdani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Adequate Treatment

Background and Aim: Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of infection in both humans and animals. Most livestock strains have shown antibiotic resistance to the many molecules used in veterinary therapeutics. This study aimed to assess the resistance patterns of these bacteria, we carried out our study in the Tiaret and Souk Ahras areas of Algeria. Materials and Methods: We collected 116 samples of bovine and goat milk to detect S. aureus. We used a selective media to isolate the strains, followed by biochemically identifying the isolates. We determined the susceptibility of the strains to antibiotic molecules using the disk diffusion method and confirmed the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with oxacillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: Our results showed that 26.72% of the samples were contaminated with S. aureus, and we recovered 31 isolates from the positive samples. We ascribed a high resistance profile to penicillin G (96.77%), fusidic acid (67.74%), and tobramycin (45.16%) and isolated 4MRSA strains. Conclusion: The presence of S. aureus, including MRSA strains in raw milk, can present a public health hazard, because these strains can cause widespread food poisoning . This finding will be useful to the veterinarians to choose an adequate treatment and to sensitize livestock breeders and milk producers to ensure the health of consumers.

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF Eucalyptus microtheca LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST AFLATOXIGENIC FUNGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Forqan Jabbar Taher
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Eucalyptus Microtheca

Eucalyptus trees are evergreen, fast growing and widely cultivated in Iraq. Its leaves, buds, capsules and even seeds contain several compounds that have antimicrobilal activity. Fresh leaves were collected and let dry in shade at room temperature then alcoholic and aqueous stock ‎solution (200mg/ml) of leaves extract was prepared in 10% DMSO from which ‎different concentrations were done. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disk diffusion method using FLU, KCA, MCL, ECN and ITC antibiotics. Leaves extracts were also examined for its antifungal activity then the MIC and MFC were determined using microdilution method. KCA, ECN and MCL were the most effective antifungal drugs on most isolates. Only two isolates were resistant to all antibiotics and one isolate showed sensitivity to all antibiotics under study. The methanolic and ethanolic extract of Eucalyptus leaves extract showed the highest inhibitory influence on fungal growth in comparison with the aqueous extract. Furthermore, Alcoholic extracts showed MIC at 50mg/ml and MFC at 100mg/ml. The aqueous extract of Eucalyptus had no inhibitory effect on the growth of all Aspergillus isolates. The results of the present research showed the potential antifungal activity of the Eucalyptus microtheca leaves extract against the aflatoxigenic A. niger and A. flavus, which is an indication of the fungicidal value of the plant extract. This research suggests that the plant extract may possess some compounds with antifungal properties against fungi and it can be used as safe and economic alternative against aflatoxigenic fungal food and feed contamination.

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