The Effect Of Sowing Schemes On The Productivity Of Sunflower Varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (12) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Togaeva Sarvinoz Suyunovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Dietary Value ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Today, due to the increasing demand for vegetable oil worldwide, there is a growing trend in the production of seeds of major oilseeds. Due to its high nutritional value and dietary value, vegetable oil replaces animal fats in human consumption. The main way to increase the yield of sunflower is to cultivate modern early maturing varieties that are adapted to the soil conditions of the region for each region. This scientific article develops the basic elements of the technology of cultivation of oilseed sunflower as a secondary crop of high yields from fast-ripening varieties. Planting sunflower as a secondary crop after wheat resulted in increased yields when planting schemes were applied correctly. Depending on the number of seeds in one basket and their weight sowing schemes, it is proved that the number of seeds in the basket increases when the sowing scheme is 70x30-1 as a repeated crop - basket, number of seeds, weight, and yield.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DE PESTICIDAS ORGANOCLORADOS EM ÓLEOS VEGETAIS POR CROMATOGRAFIA GASOSA DE ALTA RESOLUÇÃO (HRGC)

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Eudécio Bonfim dos Santos Dias ◽  
Eliane Da Costa Vilela ◽  
Fernando Mauro Lanças
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Chemical Products

Vegetable oil were introduced in human diet in the last decade to change the use of animal fats. The chemical products althrought utilized in correct manner can cause residues in food bring to healt there be a necessity of a constant monitoring of the concentration level the several agricultural products. The answer to this necessity has motivated the development of several of a methodology for simultaneous analysis of aldrin, dieldrin, endrin and endosulfanin vegetable oils by HRGC, using solid phase extraction (SPE) using silica and XAD-2. The recovery was 70-110%.

scholarly journals Premium biofuels from straw – production of advanced biofuels using the Sylvan process

Paliva ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Aubrecht ◽  
David Kubička
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Advanced Biofuels ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Noble Metal Catalysts ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Middle Distillates

The increasing demand for transportation fuels, especially middle distillates, stimulates the research of new strategies to obtain or synthesize biofuels. The processing of lignocellulosic biomass (for example straw) is a process of great interest, because after its hydrolysis and subsequent dehydration of the resulting sugar monomers, very valuable substances including furfural are obtained. Then, furfural is selectively hydrogenated to 2-methylfuran, sylvan, that is the basic “building block” in the Sylvan process. This manuscript summarizes the knowledge on Sylvan process as a promising way of biofuels synthesis. By sylvan condensing with aldehydes, ketones or even 2-methylfuran itself, it is possible to prepare C13-C16 oxygenates in high yields up to 100 % under mild reaction conditions (30 - 60 °C) over various heterogeneous catalysts. Based on the overview, the heterogeneous catalysts are preferred and the immobilized sulfonic acids are the most active catalysts, however, expensive. The reaction products then may be hydrodeoxygenated commonly over supported noble metal catalysts to provide premium quality C13-C16 hydrocarbons to produce diesel or kerosene. These fractions have great low-temperature properties such as CFPP (-50 °C) or cetane number (70-72). According to the proposed sustainability prediction, this process could be sustainable in the Czech Republic, where 30 % of produced wheat straw could be used for the production of 130 kt advanced biofuels by Sylvan process required by EU directive RED II. Finally, the future approaches have been suggested.

Weed seedbank response to crop rotation and tillage in semiarid agroecosystems

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dorado ◽  
J. P. Del Monte ◽  
C. López-Fando
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Number Of Seeds

In a semiarid Mediterranean site in central Spain, field experiments were conducted on a Calcic Haploxeralf (noncalcic brown soil), which had been managed with three crop rotations and two tillage systems (no-tillage and conventional tillage) since 1987. The crop rotations consisted of barley→vetch, barley→sunflower, and a barley monoculture. The study took place in two growing seasons (1992–1994) to assess the effects of management practices on the weed seedbank. During this period, spring weed control was not carried out in winter crops. In the no-tillage system, there was a significant increase in the number of seeds of different weed species: anacyclus, common purslane, corn poppy, knotted hedge-parsley, mouse-ear cress, spring whitlowgrass, tumble pigweed, venus-comb, andVeronica triphyllos.Conversely, the presence of prostrate knotweed and wild radish was highest in plots under conventional tillage. These results suggest large differences in the weed seedbank as a consequence of different soil conditions among tillage systems, but also the necessity of spring weed control when a no-tillage system is used. With regard to crop rotations, the number of seeds of knotted hedge-parsley, mouse-ear cress, and spring whitlowgrass was greater in the plots under the barley→vetch rotation. Common lambsquarters dominated in the plots under the barley→sunflower rotation, whereas venus-comb was the most frequent weed in the barley monoculture. Larger and more diverse weed populations developed in the barley→vetch rotation rather than in the barley→sunflower rotation or the barley monoculture.

Chuta (edible Jatropha curcas L.), the newcomer among underutilized crops: a rich source of vegetable oil and protein for human consumption

2016 ◽  
Vol 243 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Senger ◽  
Brigitte Bohlinger ◽  
Stella Esgaib ◽  
Lissette C. Hernández-Cubero ◽  
Juan M. Montes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Underutilized Crops ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L

scholarly journals Breeding of fodder crops for high yields and early maturity in Siberia

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
N. I. Kashevarov ◽  
R. I. Polyudina ◽  
D. A. Potapov
Keyword(s):  
Red Clover ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
State Register ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The Institutions of the Siberian Federal Scientific Center of Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences have created 118 cultivars of 32 crops up to 2019. The early maturing winter hardy high yielding cultivars of red clover have been first obtained in Siberia, among them are Meteor, Pamyati Lisitsyna (4x) and Prima (2x) cultivars. Four cultivars of sudan grass Novosibirskaya 84, Lira, Dostyk and Karagandinskaya were created. Three cultivars of soybean such as SibNIIK-315, SibNIIK-9, Gorinskaya and five canola cultivars have been included in the State register. Sibiryachka cultivar of oil radish was created first in Siberia.

scholarly journals Leaf mineral element content and soil characteristics on in vitro antioxidant and enzymatic inhibitory activities of aqueous fennel extracts

2021 ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Nesrine Majdoub ◽  
Soukaina el Guendouz ◽  
Jorge Carlier ◽  
Clara Costa ◽  
Carlos Alberto Correia Guerrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

This study was conducted to evaluate the biochemical characterization of three harvested Foeniculum vulgare plants collected from two bioclimatic zones in order to investigate the soil growing conditions effect. The results showed a great variability of the phenolic amounts and biological properties of samples rely on localities. FvSEN contained the highest amounts of phenolic compounds. These amounts were accompanied by the greatest antioxidant ability through almost studied assays. FvSEN and FvZO were significantly different. In addition, the samples exhibited a significant and variable enzymatic inhibition activity with values ranging from 30 to 50 µg/mL for lipoxygenase assay. But these extracts did not revealed significant differences on their tyrosinase abilities. On the other hand, the levels of mineral elements were also estimated. These contents varied depending on sample and locality. The growing soil conditions of samples in terms of different parameters is likely related to their antioxidant and enzyme inhibition potentialities added to their mineral composition which settled by Spearman’s correlation. These data may confirm the interesting potential of F. vulgare as a valuable source for natural antioxidant molecules but the growing soil conditions can affect all the potentialities of these plants set for human consumption and other uses.

scholarly journals Variety and its quality in energy-saving tomato production technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 201 (10) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
N. Velizhanov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Dietary Value ◽  
High Yields ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Flat Zone

Abstract. In the 21st century, the share of the variety in the formation of the size and quality of the crop will increase from 20-40 to 70 % or more. It is obvious that the role of the variety increases significantly not only in increasing productive, but also medium-improving functions of agrophytocenosis, including soil-improving, phytosanitary, bioenergy, design – aesthetic, etc. A lot of attention is paid to the appearance, texture, taste properties of fruits, which increase their dietary value and overall attractiveness to buyers. Methods. The research was carried out at the experimental site of the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the Republic of Dagestan in 2017–2019. In production conditions, 12 widely used varieties of tomato have been tested in the seedling culture in recent years. The samples were studied using the ACIRO methodology and the State Crop Testing Methodology. Results. Promising varieties with high adaptability and stability in extreme conditions of the flat zone of the republic have been revealed. We have established morpho-anatomical and physiological changes in varieties of stamp forms, which determine their reduced, compared to the unstamable forms of resistance to drought, which significantly inhibit production processes in dry years. The most economic was the cultivation of varieties with high yields of standard fruits - Mariana, Mirage, F1 Andromeda. The cultivation of the Hussar variety cost 1.6 times more than F1 Andromeda. The cost of obtaining 1t standard harvest for other varieties was significantly higher. Scientific novelty is to study the sign of a reduction in the duration of the growing season in the combination of the size and yield of fruits on the biochemical composition, taste and technological, which is overcoming negative bonds, or to achieve a compromise combination. In the process of creating new ones and testing them, these evaluation criteria should be decisive.

Agroecological assessment of new varieties of potatoes in the middle Volga steppe

10.12737/1359 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Владимиров ◽  
Sergey Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Gray Forest Soils ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Yields

The implementation of potato potential yield (30-40 tons per hectare) in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga is possible with the introduction of highly adapted varieties, the use of evidence-based farming cultivation. The authors studied the efficiency of promising new varieties of potatoes on gray forest soils in the Republic of Tatarstan. It was founded that when treating by calculated dozes of fertilizer potatoes of Rozhdestvenskiy, Impala, Sprint, Feloks, Red Skarlet varieties on gray forest soils of the Middle Volga steppe on average for three years the planned harvest tubers 40 or more tons per hectare was formed. The yield of Aroza, Nevskiy, Adretta varieties was 36,51-37,30 tons per hectare. In the more favorable moisture 2009 year, the high yields of tubers were formed by varieties: early-maturing Impala (58.35 tons per hectare), Red Skarlet (57.02 tons per hectare), Feloks (55.83 tons per hectare), middle-maturing Adretta (57,22 tons per hectare), Rozhdestvenskiy (56.13 tons per hectare). In drought 2010 year, in the application of irrigation higher yields of tubers formed early-maturing varieties: Sprint (21.52 tons per hectare), Red Skarlet (21.06 tons per hectare), Impala (20.59 tons per hectare) and Aroza (20.53 tons per hectare) and middle-maturing variety Nevskiy (21.74 tons per hectare). Less yields in 2010 were such varieties as Adretta - middle-maturing (14.58 tons per hectare) early-maturing Rokko (13.67 tons per hectare). The difference in yield of these varieties in this year reached 7.16 tons per hectare, the higher yield more than 20 tons per hectare was provided by 5 species of 9 studied (20,53-21,74 tons per hectare).

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