scholarly journals Unsaturated fatty acids and a prenylated tryptophan derivative from a rare actinomycete of the genus Couchioplanes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Saito ◽  
Kanji Indo ◽  
Naoya Oku ◽  
Hisayuki Komaki ◽  
Masashi Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Genome Mining ◽  
Chiral Hplc ◽  
Metabolome Analysis ◽  
Rare Actinomycetes ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Kocuria Rhizophila ◽  
New Metabolites

A genome mining survey combined with metabolome analysis of publicly available strains identified Couchioplanessp. RD010705, a strain belonging to an underexplored genus of rare actinomycetes, as a producer of new metabolites. HPLC-DAD-guided fractionation of its fermentation extracts resulted in the isolation of five new methyl-branched unsaturated fatty acids, (2E,4E)-2,4-dimethyl-2,4-octadienoic acid (1), (2E,4E)-2,4,7-trimethyl-2,4-octadienoic acid (2), (R)-(–)-phialomustin B (3), (2E,4E)-7-hydroxy-2,4-dimethyl-2,4-octadienoic acid (4), (2E,4E)-7-hydroxy-2,4,7-trimethyl-2,4-octadienoic acid (5), and one prenylated tryptophan derivative, 6-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-N-acetyl-L-tryptophan (6). The enantiomer ratio of 4 was determined to be approximately S/R = 56/44 by a recursive application of Trost’s chiral anisotropy analysis and chiral HPLC analysis of its methyl ester. Compounds 1–5 were weakly inhibitory against Kocuria rhizophila at MIC 100 mg/mL and none were cytotoxic against P388 at the same concentration.

scholarly journals Unsaturated fatty acids and a prenylated tryptophan derivative from a rare actinomycete of the genus Couchioplanes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 2939-2949
Author(s):  
Shun Saito ◽  
Kanji Indo ◽  
Naoya Oku ◽  
Hisayuki Komaki ◽  
Masashi Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Genome Mining ◽  
Chiral Hplc ◽  
Metabolome Analysis ◽  
Rare Actinomycetes ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Kocuria Rhizophila ◽  
New Metabolites

A genome mining survey combined with metabolome analysis of publicly available strains identified Couchioplanes sp. RD010705, a strain belonging to an underexplored genus of rare actinomycetes, as a producer of new metabolites. HPLC-DAD-guided fractionation of its fermentation extracts resulted in the isolation of five new methyl-branched unsaturated fatty acids, (2E,4E)-2,4-dimethyl-2,4-octadienoic acid (1), (2E,4E)-2,4,7-trimethyl-2,4-octadienoic acid (2), (R)-(−)-phialomustin B (3), (2E,4E)-7-hydroxy-2,4-dimethyl-2,4-octadienoic acid (4), (2E,4E)-7-hydroxy-2,4,7-trimethyl-2,4-octadienoic acid (5), and one prenylated tryptophan derivative, 6-(3,3-dimethylallyl)-N-acetyl-ʟ-tryptophan (6). The enantiomer ratio of 4 was determined to be approximately S/R = 56:44 by a recursive application of Trost’s chiral anisotropy analysis and chiral HPLC analysis of its methyl ester. Compounds 1–5 were weakly inhibitory against Kocuria rhizophila at MIC 100 μg/mL and none were cytotoxic against P388 at the same concentration.

scholarly journals Identification, Evolution, Expression, and Docking Studies of Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Hajiahmadi ◽  
Amin Abedi ◽  
Hui Wei ◽  
Weibo Sun ◽  
Honghua Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Backgrounds: Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) introduce a double bond into the fatty acids acyl chain resulting in unsaturated fatty acids that have essential roles in plant development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat germ oil, one of the important by-products of wheat, can be a good alternative for edible oils with clinical advantages due to the high amount of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the wheat FAD gene family (TaFADs).Results: 68 FAD genes were identified from the wheat genome. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, wheat FADs clustered into five subfamilies, including FAB2, FAD2/FAD6, FAD4, DES/SLD, and FAD3/FAD7/FAD8. The TaFADs were distributed on chromosomes 2A-7B with 0 to 10 introns. The Ka/Ks ratio was less than one for most of the duplicated pair genes revealed that the function of the genes had been maintained during the evolution. Several cis-acting elements related to hormones and stresses in the TaFADs promoters indicated the role of these genes in plant development and responses to environmental stresses. Likewise, 72 SSRs and 91 miRNAs in 36 and 47 TaFADs have been identified. According to RNA-seq data analysis, the highest expression in all developmental stages and tissues was related to TaFAB2.5, TaFAB2.12, TaFAB2.15, TaFAB2.17, TaFAB2.20, TaFAD2.1, TaFAD2.6, and TaFAD2.8 genes while the highest expression in response to temperature stress was related to TaFAD2.6, TaFAD2.8, TaFAB2.15, TaFAB2.17, and TaFAB2.20. Furthermore, docking simulations revealed several residues in the active site of TaFAD2.6 and TaFAD2.8 in close contact with the docked oleic acid that could be useful in future site-directed mutagenesis studies to increase the catalytic efficiency of them and subsequently improve agronomic quality and tolerance of wheat against environmental stresses. Conclusions: This study provides comprehensive information that can lead to the detection of candidate genes for wheat genetic modification.

scholarly journals Identification, evolution, expression, and docking studies of fatty acid desaturase genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Hajiahmadi ◽  
Amin Abedi ◽  
Hui Wei ◽  
Weibo Sun ◽  
Honghua Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Backgrounds Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) introduce a double bond into the fatty acids acyl chain resulting in unsaturated fatty acids that have essential roles in plant development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat germ oil, one of the important by-products of wheat, can be a good alternative for edible oils with clinical advantages due to the high amount of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the wheat FAD gene family (TaFADs). Results 68 FAD genes were identified from the wheat genome. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, wheat FADs clustered into five subfamilies, including FAB2, FAD2/FAD6, FAD4, DES/SLD, and FAD3/FAD7/FAD8. The TaFADs were distributed on chromosomes 2A-7B with 0 to 10 introns. The Ka/Ks ratio was less than one for most of the duplicated pair genes revealed that the function of the genes had been maintained during the evolution. Several cis-acting elements related to hormones and stresses in the TaFADs promoters indicated the role of these genes in plant development and responses to environmental stresses. Likewise, 72 SSRs and 91 miRNAs in 36 and 47 TaFADs have been identified. According to RNA-seq data analysis, the highest expression in all developmental stages and tissues was related to TaFAB2.5, TaFAB2.12, TaFAB2.15, TaFAB2.17, TaFAB2.20, TaFAD2.1, TaFAD2.6, and TaFAD2.8 genes while the highest expression in response to temperature stress was related to TaFAD2.6, TaFAD2.8, TaFAB2.15, TaFAB2.17, and TaFAB2.20. Furthermore, docking simulations revealed several residues in the active site of TaFAD2.6 and TaFAD2.8 in close contact with the docked oleic acid that could be useful in future site-directed mutagenesis studies to increase the catalytic efficiency of them and subsequently improve agronomic quality and tolerance of wheat against environmental stresses. Conclusions This study provides comprehensive information that can lead to the detection of candidate genes for wheat genetic modification.

scholarly journals Identification, Evolution, Expression, and Docking Studies of Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Hajiahmadi ◽  
Amin Abedi ◽  
Hui Wei ◽  
Weibo Sun ◽  
Honghua Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Acyl Chain ◽  
Environmental Stresses ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Backgrounds: Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) introduce a double bond into the fatty acids acyl chain resulting in unsaturated fatty acids that have essential roles in plant development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat germ oil, one of the important by-products of wheat, can be a good alternative for edible oils with clinical advantages due to the high amount of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the wheat FAD gene family (TaFADs).Results: 68 FAD genes were identified from the wheat genome. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, wheat FADs clustered into five subfamilies, including FAB2, FAD2/FAD6, FAD4, DES/SLD, and FAD3/FAD7/FAD8. The TaFADs were distributed on chromosomes 2A-7B with 0 to 10 introns. The Ka/Ks ratio was less than one for most of the duplicated pair genes revealed that the function of the genes had been maintained during the evolution. Several cis-acting elements related to hormones and stresses in the TaFADs promoters indicated the role of these genes in plant development and responses to environmental stresses. Likewise, 72 SSRs and 91 miRNAs in 36 and 47 TaFADs have been identified. According to RNA-seq data analysis, the highest expression in all developmental stages and tissues was related to TaFAB2.5, TaFAB2.12, TaFAB2.15, TaFAB2.17, TaFAB2.20, TaFAD2.1, TaFAD2.6, and TaFAD2.8 genes while the highest expression in response to temperature stress was related to TaFAD2.6, TaFAD2.8, TaFAB2.15, TaFAB2.17, and TaFAB2.20. Furthermore, docking simulations revealed several residues in the active site of TaFAD2.6 and TaFAD2.8 in close contact with the docked oleic acid that could be useful in future site-directed mutagenesis studies to increase the catalytic efficiency of them and subsequently improve agronomic quality and tolerance of wheat against environmental stresses. Conclusions: This study provides comprehensive information that can lead to the detection of candidate genes for wheat genetic modification.

Chemical composition of seeds of some species of the genus Gossypium

1977 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Khattab ◽  
H. Khalifa ◽  
A. H. El Tinay
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Seed Index

SUMMARYChemical analyses were carried out on the three main commercial varieties in the Sudan and some wild species of Gossypium. A genome-specific pattern was not found for either the oil content, fatty acids, amino acids or seed index. G. sturtianum differed significantly from the other species in oil content with a substantial amount of unsaturated fatty acids and of the essential amino acids. A breeding programme has been started to incorporate such desirable characters into the commercial varieties.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF AVITAMINOSIS F

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
A. Levitsky ◽  
A. Lapinska ◽  
I. Selivanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

The article analyzes the role of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially omega-3 series in humans and animals. The biosynthesis of essential PUFA in humans and animals is very limited, so they must be consumed with food (feed). Тhe ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA is very important. Biomembranes of animal cells contain about 30% PUFA with a ratio of ω-6/ ω-3 1-2. As this ratio increases, the physicochemical properties of biomembranes and the functional activity of their receptors change. The regulatory function of essential PUFA is that in the body under the action of oxygenase enzymes (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase) are formed extremely active hormone-like substances (eicosanoids and docosanoids), which affect a number of physiological processes: inflammation, immunity, metabolism. Moreover, ω-6 PUFA form eicosanoids, which have pro-inflammatory, immunosuppressive properties, and ω-3 PUFAs form eicosanoids and docosanoids, which have anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory properties. Deficiency of essential PUFA, and especially ω-3 PUFA, leads to impaired development of the body and its state of health, which are manifestations of avitaminosis F. Prevention and treatment of avitaminosis F is carried out with drugs that contain PUFA. To create new, more effective vitamin F preparations, it is necessary to reproduce the model of vitamin F deficiency. An experimental model of vitamin F deficiency in white rats kept on a fat –free diet with the addition of coconut oil, which is almost completely free of unsaturated fatty acids, and saturated fatty acids make up almost 99 % of all fatty acids was developed. The total content of ω-6 PUFA (sum of linoleic and arachidonic acids), the content of ω-3 PUFA (α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) in neutral lipids (triglycerides and cholesterol esters) defined. Тhe content of ω-6 PUFA under the influence of coconut oil decreased by 3.3 times, and the content of ω-3 PUFA - by 7.5 times. Тhe influence of coconut oil, the content of ω-6 PUFA decreased by 2.1 times, and the content of ω-3 PUFA - by 2.8 times. The most strongly reduces the content of ω-3 PUFA, namely eicosapentaenoic, coconut oil, starting from 5 %. Consumption of FFD with a content of 15 % coconut oil reduces the content of eicosapentaenoic acid to zero, ie we have an absolute deficiency of one of the most important essential PUFAs, which determined the presence of vitamin F deficiency.

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-CYTOTOXIC AND ANTICANCER EFFECTS OF GALINSOGA PARVIFLORA AND VERNONIA POLYANTHES (ASTERACEAE) EXTRACTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 84-98
Author(s):  
Sula M. V. Feleti ◽  
Renê L. Aleluia ◽  
Suiany V. Gervásio ◽  
Jean Carlos V. Dutra ◽  
Jessica R. P. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Ags Cells ◽  
Ft Icr Ms ◽  
Ft Icr

The study was designed to investigate the chemical composition and the biological effects of G. parviflora and V. polyanthes ethanolic extracts in vitro. Total content of phenols, flavonoids and tannins was quantified by spectrophotometry; chemical characterization was permed by mass spectrometry (ESI (-) FT-ICR MS and APCI (+) FT-ICR MS analysis). Antioxidant activities were determined by FRAP and Fe2+ chelating methods. Extracts cytotoxicity was evaluated in human lymphocytes, sarcoma-180 (S-180) and human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells, by MTT assay. V. polyanthes presented higher total content of tannins and G. parviflora presented higher amount of phenols and flavonoids. Chemical characterization showed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acids and sesquiterpene lactones in V. polyanthes extract, and steroids, phenolic acids and fatty acids (Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acids - PUFA) in G. parviflora extract. V. polyanthes extract stood out in the Fe2+ chelation test. G. parviflora extract did not present outstanding antioxidant results in the tested protocols. Both species showed a tendency to promote cytotoxicity in human lymphocyte cells. Regarding the antiproliferative effect, both species were able to reduce S-180 cell viability and G. parviflora extract showed high antiproliferative potential in the assay with AGS cells. These findings reinforce the medicinal use of these plants, as well as suggest their potential use for the development of new drugs and for the treatment of cancers.

EFFECT OF GINGER, LEMURU FISH OIL SAPONIFICATION AND OLIVE OIL ON COMPOSITION FATTY ACID OF BEEF

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Siwitri Kadarsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

The objective was to get beef that contain unsaturated fatty acids (especially omega 3 and 6), so as to improve intelligence, physical health for those who consume. The study design using CRD with 3 treatments, each treatment used 4 Bali cattle aged approximately 1.5 years. Observations were made 8 weeks. Pasta mixed with ginger provided konsentrat. P1 (control); P2 (6% saponification lemuru fish oil, olive oil 1%; rice bran: 37.30%; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 100 g); P3 (lemuru fish oil saponification 8%, 2% olive oil; rice bran; 37.30; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 200 g). Konsentrat given in the morning as much as 1% of the weight of the cattle based on dry matter, while the grass given a minimum of 10% of the weight of livestock observation variables include: fatty acid composition of meat. Data the analyzies qualitative. The results of the study showed that the composition of saturated fatty acids in meat decreased and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic acid (omega 6) and linolenic acid (omega 3), and deikosapenta deikosaheksa acid.Keywords : 

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