scholarly journals An Electronic training program to treat errors of reading aloud in the English language among students with learning difficulties during the emerging Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ahmad Saleem KHASAWNEH ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Reading Errors ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Difference

This study aims at identifying, analysing, and classifying the mistakes that students make in grades (second, third, and fourth) in the elementary stage in Aseer in reading aloud and developing a proposed program to treat these errors. The study used the experimental approach. The study sample consisted of (72) male and female students from the study population, representing the three grade levels. 24 students (12 males and 12 females) were taken from each grade, and the study sample was taken from seven schools. The results of the study showed that there are no statistically significant differences in students ’reading errors due to the gender variable. The prevalence of reading errors in students’ readings is not related to males or females or vice versa. Despite the difference between the reader's gender and the teacher’s gender, the differences came free of any clear statistical significance. The study revealed statistically significant differences in students’ mastery of some reading skills due to the gender variable. The skills that showed differences are observing punctuation, meaning skills, and reading speed. Females were better than males in these skills, and there were no statistically significant differences in the remaining reading skills between the genders. The study recommended preparing training courses to familiarize male and female teachers with the latest findings of studies related to reading to employ them in educational situations and providing teachers with methods to diagnose students' weakness in reading.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the use of the strategy of peers teaching in the treatment of the difficulties of reading aloud in the sixth grade pupils in the province of Hafr al-Batin in Saudi Arabia: فاعلية استخدام استراتيجية تدريس الأقران في علاج صعوبات القراءة الجهرية لدى تلاميذ الصف السادس الابتدائي في محافظة حفر الباطن بالسعودية

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultan bin Haif Mohammed Al Harbi
Keyword(s):  
Reading Skills ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Service Training ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

The study aimed at determining the reading difficulties of sixth grade students in Hafr Al-Batin governorate and identifying the effect of using the strategy of peers teaching in the treatment of reading difficulties. The semi-experimental method was used to suit the study objectives. (245) students during the second semester of the academic year 1434/1435 H. The researcher used a test to measure difficulties in reading aloud, a guide for the teacher and learner, and Stkhaddmt arithmetic averages, standard deviations, and stability coefficient alpha Cronbach, and Pearson correlation coefficient, as well as the accompanying analysis of variance (ANCOVA) in the statistical treatments. The results revealed that there was a statistically significant effect at the level of (α 0.05)) for the use of the strategy of teaching peers in the treatment of the difficulties of verbal reading of the recognition and pronunciation and reading speed between the experimental and control groups in the sixth grade pupils. The experimental average was 83.33, the control group average was only 57.64, the difference was statistically significant for the pilot, and the test result for both groups was in the tribal test; in all the verbal reading skills measured by the test 45.37). The most difficult reading skills were found to be the difficulty of pronunciation. The ability of reading speed was the second in terms of difficulty with an arithmetic mean (45.85) , With an average of (53.67). The study recommended a number of recommendations, including attention to the use of effective strategies such as peer education strategy to address the difficulties of reading aloud, especially for the primary stage and its use in treatment plans to address the difficulties of reading aloud and the inclusion of in-service training programs for Arabic teachers on practical topics of the strategy of peers teaching.

Misreadings by Beginning Readers of Serbo-Croatian

1983 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Ognjenovi ◽  
G. Lukatela ◽  
Laurie B. Feldman ◽  
M. T. Turvey
Keyword(s):  
Reading Skills ◽  
Reading Aloud ◽  
Beginning Readers ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
The Difference

Errors in reading aloud by the beginning reader have been interpreted as reflecting the difficulty and the importance of phonemic segmentation for the acquisition of reading skills. Results from previous studies on English words patterned as consonant-vowel-consonant showed: (1) more errors on vowels than on consonants; (2) more errors on word final consonants than on word initial consonants; and suggested that (3) consonant errors were based on phonetic confusions while vowel errors were not. In contrast to their English counterparts, the beginning readers of Serbo-Croatian tested in the present study committed proportionally fewer errors on their reading of vowels than of consonants but in common with their English counterparts, their reading of final consonants was more vulnerable to error than their reading of initial consonants. This pattern of errors was found for both word and pseudoword consonant-vowel-consonant structures and the pattern of vowel confusion, like the pattern of consonant confusions, was rationalized by speech-related factors. The differences between the patterns of confusions for Serbo-Croatian and for English could be due to the difference between the two orthographies in the precision with which they represent the phonology or to the fact that the vowels of English are qualitatively less distinct phonologically than the vowels of Serbo-Croatian.

scholarly journals The use of Laissez-faire style by teachers of Learning Disabilities in English language according to some variables

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ahmad Saleem Khasawneh
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
English Language ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Basic Stage ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Laissez Faire

This study aimed at identifying the use of laissez-faire style in classroom management by teachers of learning disabilities in English language in the light of some variables. The study population consisted of all (60) teachers in the upper basic stage in Irbid Governorate. The study sample consisted of (30) male and female teachers. The study used the descriptive approach and developed a questionnaire as an instrument to collect data. The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences for the use of laissez-faire style due to the gender variable based on the calculated (t) value of (4.14), and the differences were in favor of males, as evidenced by their high mean score.  The mean score for the responses of males teachers was (2.14), and for female teachers (1,83).

Sex Differences in Birth Order of Alcoholics

1971 ◽  
Vol 119 (553) ◽  
pp. 657-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard T. Blane ◽  
Herbert Barry ◽  
Herbert Barry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
The Difference

Studies of birth order of male alcoholics, reviewed by Chen and Cobb (1960), Sampson (1965), and Barry, Barry, and Blane (1969), generally showed more last-born than first-born cases. This difference was found in samples of more than 500 cases hospitalized in Denmark (Martensen-Larsen, 1957); Austria (Navratil, 1959); Canada (de Lint, 1964b), and Norway (Steén, 1966). Most samples in the United States have shown the same trend but with smaller numbers of cases, so that the difference was short of statistical significance. Ambiguous results have been obtained from the few studies of birth order of female alcoholics, generally based on small samples. The present paper reports on the birth-order distributions of a relatively large sample of male and female out-patient alcoholics in the United States.

Efficacy of English Language Programs as Judged by Nurses and Students of Nursing: Do Nurses in Iran Need to Know English?

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nematullah Shomoossi ◽  
Mostafa Rad ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Rakhshani
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Language Programs ◽  
Medical English ◽  
The World ◽  
Medical Professions ◽  
Wide Gap ◽  
The Difference

Summary Nurses among other medical professions are expected and need to communicate in English. The present study will report the views of nurses and students of nursing on the efficacy of English programs at Iranian medical universities in three major areas: general usage, medical usage, and research usage. This descriptive study included 130 students of nursing and 167 nurses selected through randomized clustering sampling. It was conducted in Sabzevar, Iran. They were asked to fill out a questionnaire including demographic information and 31 Likert questions on the effectiveness of ELT programs in medical universities. The participants judged the efficacy of EFL instruction in the General English section to be 25.7306±8.29288 (out of 50), the Medical English to be 21.1434± 7.40024 (out of 45), and the Research usage to be 24.6496±11.56735 (out of 60), showing a wide gap. However, the effectiveness of the current ELT programs was not so differently judged by male and female participants. Males considered the Research usage to be more affected by the current programs but females did not think so; however, the difference of views was not statistically significant (P=0.019). In general, the results indicated a wide gap between the judgment of nurses and students of nursing about the efficacy of the ELT programs in Iranian medical universities. Therefore, a change is needed to cater for the expectations from the nursing job as far as the English language is concerned as a means of communication in the world today.

scholarly journals Gender Determination with Ischiopubic Index and Upper Pelvic Index in Iranian Adult Radiographic Stereotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Ahmadi Kahjoogh ◽  
Maryam Vasheghani Farahani ◽  
Babak Shekarchi ◽  
Beheshteh Abouhamzeh ◽  
Mahdi Isazadeh
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Imaging Center ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Female Subjects

Background: Different parts of the skeletal system have been studied in different studies to determine gender. The pelvis is one of the most important skeletal components for the determination of gender and identification of humans. Objectives: The current study aimed to determine gender using the ischiopubic index and upper pelvic index in the adult population of Iran. Methods: In this study, 140 individuals (70 male and 70 female subjects) referring to Athari Imaging Center in Tehran, Iran, for various medical reasons entered the study by giving written and oral consent using the convenience sampling method. Measurements were performed on digital anteroposterior pelvic radiographs (with standard conditions and radiographic stencil distance from the light source as 100 cm). The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22). Results: The mean ischemic index of the whole population was 108.88 ± 13.75. The difference in the ischiopubic index between male and female subjects was significant (P < 0.05). The mean upper pelvic index of the whole study population was 81.70 ± 10.09; however, the difference in the upper pelvic index between the two groups of male and female subjects was not significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The pelvic ischemic index in Iranian women is higher than that reported for men. If the ischiopubic index is higher than 103, with 93% sensitivity and 73% specificity, it would be female. According to the study of graphs, if there is a special identity for diagnosis, there will be the possibility to match the graph before the death of the individual with the graph taken from skeletal remains.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF ADOLESCENTS’ ANXIETY AND ACHIEVEMENT IN ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridha Fadillah
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
English Language ◽  
Communication Apprehension ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Language Anxiety ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
English As Foreign Language ◽  
The Difference

This paper aims at investigating whether there is relationship between students’ anxiety and students’ achievement in English as a foreign language among adolescents at Sekolah Menengah Umum Negeri 1 Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan. The sample was 152 students of sixteen and seventeen years old at second grade. The results indicate that the students’ anxiety in learning English as foreign language is at moderate level. There is no significant relationship between English language anxiety and students’ achievement in English as a foreign language as a whole. But a significant negative correlation between test anxiety and students’ achievement is indicated. And the difference of English language anxiety between male and female occurred on communication apprehension, it shows that female is more apprehensive than male in English communication but for overall anxiety, there is no difference in English language anxiety by gender at second grade in this school.

scholarly journals Attribution Theory, Personality Traits, and Gender Differences among EFL Learners

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azar Hosseini Fatemi ◽  
Arezoo Asghari
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
English Language Learners ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
English Language ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Neo Five Factor Inventory ◽  
And Gender

This study was designed to determine whether there is any association between learners' personality traits and their sets of attributions in learning English as a foreign language, regarding their gender differences. To this aim, 216 lower intermediate English language learners, 111 male and 105 female, studying in Shokouh English language institutes in Mashhad took part in the study. They completed NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Attribution questionnaire (ATFLL). The results of the correlational study in male and female groups indicated significant relationships between some of personality traits and sub-scales of attribution theory. The result of t-test showed that the difference between means was not significant in any of the attribution sub-constructs between male and female learners. Regarding personality factors, results showed that the difference between the means was significant only for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness.

scholarly journals Work pressures among teachers of learning disabilities in English language from their point of view

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ahmad Saleem Khasawneh Khasawneh
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
English Language ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

This study aimed at identifying the work pressures among teachers of learning disabilities in English language in Irbid governorate from their point of view. The total number of the study population was (60) male and female teachers, while the study sample included (30) male and female teachers. To collect the study information, the researcher developed a questionnaire to reveal the level of work stress among male and female teachers, and it included (40) items. The study found that there are pressures at work for teachers of LDs in English language. These pressures are the poor achievement of some students, large financial obligations for teachers, poor standards used to promote teachers, the large number of lessons taught by the teacher per week, daily planning, and overcrowding of students in class. The study recommended holding training courses for teachers in the private sector, similar to their colleagues in other sectors, to improve the educational process, and so that teachers can keep pace with the rapid scientific and technological development that the world is witnessing around them

A Cross-Cultural Comparison of the Use of a Gestalt Perceptual Strategy

Perception ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
D N Perkins ◽  
Jan B Deregowski
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Picture Perception ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
The Us ◽  
Perceptual Strategy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
World Hypothesis

The ability to discriminate whether pictured box shapes (parallelopipeds) are projections of three-dimensional rectangular forms has been demonstrated by Perkins and Cooper in US populations and interpreted as a symptom of a general Gestalt strategy in perception. Deregowski suggested earlier that this perceptual strategy might not appear as strongly in less ‘carpentered’ cultures, among perceivers less familiar with Western modes of depiction. A study is reported in which the performance on the discrimination by US children in grades 1, 4, and 7; and children from Zimbabwe, Africa, in grades 1, 2, 4, and 7—children of less experience with pictures and urban environments—has been examined. All groups evinced the discrimination at high levels of statistical significance. However, the findings disclosed much less accurate performance in the Zimbabwe groups at all grade levels, and no improvement with age either in the US or in Zimbabwe. The absence of improvement argues against an explanation of the difference between the US and Zimbabwe groups in terms of either a carpentered-world hypothesis or a difficulty with picture perception, at least when those interpretations are taken in their simplest forms.

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