scholarly journals Índice de masa corporal, peso ideal y porcentaje de grasa corporal en personas de diferentes grupos etarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Bauce

The objective is to compare BMI with the percentage of body fat and ideal weight, to supplement BMI in the diagnosis of obesity, from a group of adults. METHODS: descriptive, cross-cutting, prospective and correlational study, in a sample of 797 adults between 17 and 96 years old, attended in different clinical centers of Caracas, between 2015 and 2018. The variables are: age, weight, size and BMI was calculated, percentage of body fat (BFP) and ideal weight (IW). They were classified by sex, age group and BMI in normality and obesity. Two formulas were used for BFP: Deurenberg and Regression; and three formulas for IW: Lorenz, Ramirez-Lopez et al and Broca. Descriptive measures, association, correlation, average comparison and normality test were obtained, using Excel software, Epidat.2. RESULT: BMI and BFP averages increase to 40 years and decrease to age 79, the variables Size – IW Broca, and BMI- BFPR correlate well (r>0.75). The average BMI, BFPD, BFPR, IW Broca and IW Lorenz, depending on gender, are significant (p<0.000); for BMI, in Normality and Obesity, the weight averages, BMI, BFPD and BFPR are higher in the Obesity group, and significant (p<0,000). The Shapiro-France normality test found that the distribution of BMI, BFPD, BFPR and IW Lorenz, comes from a normally distributed population (p< 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: BMI even though it is most commonly used to diagnose obesity, it classifies normally, those with a high percentage of body fat.

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Hilbert Silva Julio ◽  
Roberto Tauil Paladino ◽  
Andreia Beatriz Machado ◽  
Lucas Prado Siqueira ◽  
Lucas Reis Hausen ◽  
...  

RESUMOObjetivo: identificar o Nível de Atividade Física e Percentual de Gordura Corporal de escolares. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, por amostragem composta de 640 escolares (Idade: 10±1 anos; Massa Corporal, 37,25±13,90kg; Estatura, 1,45±0,08m; IMC, 17,50±5,04kg/m²). O NAF por meio PAQ-C, %GC pelo método de dobras cutâneas e o IMC. Resultados: há diferenças significativas (p < 0,01, d = 0,37) no escore do PAQ-C entre os sexos, com superioridade nos valores masculinos; foram encontradas diferenças significativas na distribuição dos níveis de atividade física divididos pelo sexo (p < 0,0001, d = 6,7) e na distribuição do %CG pelo sexo (p < 0,0001, d=0,28). Conclusão: foram identificados índices de obesidade dentre os escolares (43% e 53,10%, populações feminina e masculina, respectivamente) ao mesmo tempo em que essa população apresenta que é ativa ou moderadamente ativa fisicamente (67,07% e 67,56%, masculino e feminino, respectivamente); contudo, não foi identificada associação entre Nível de Atividade Física e Percentual de Gordura Corporal. Estes resultados corroboram os achados gerais da literatura que demonstram que o NAF não é fator determinante para o valor Percentual de Gordura Corporal. Descritores: Escolares; Obesidade Infantil; Promoção da Saúde; Saúde Pública; Educação Física e Treinamento; Educação em Saúde.ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the level of Physical Activity and Percentage of Body Fat of schoolchildren. Method: cross-sectional quantitative study of 640 schoolchildren (Age: 10 ± 1 years; Body Mass, 37.25 ± 13.90 kg; Stature, 1.45 ± 0.08 m; BMI, 17.50 ± 5.04 kg / m²). The NAF by PAQ-C,% GC by the skinfold method and the BMI. Results: there were significant differences (p <0.01, d = 0.37) in the PAQ-C score between the sexes, with superiority in the male values; (p <0.0001, d = 6.7) and in the CG distribution by gender (p <0.0001, d = 0.28). Conclusion: obesity rates among schoolchildren (43% and 53.10%, female and male, respectively) were identified at the same time as this population shows that they are active or moderately physically active (67.07% and 67.56 %, male and female, respectively); however, no association was identified between Physical Activity Level and Body Fat Percentage. These results corroborate the general findings of the literature that demonstrate that PAL is not a determinant factor for the Percentage of Body Fat. Decriptors: School Children; Obesity; Health Promotion; Public Health; Physical Education and Training; Health Education.RESUMENObjetivo: identificar el Nivel de Actividad Física y Porcentaje de Grasa Corporal de escolares. Método: estudio cuantitativo transversal, por muestreo compuesto de 640 escolares (Edad: 10 ± 1 años; Masa Corporal, 37,25 ± 13,90kg; Estatura, 1,45 ± 0,08m; IMC, 17,50 ± 5,04kg / m²). El NAF por PAQ-C,% GC por el método de pliegues cutáneos y el IMC. Resultados: hay diferencias significativas (p <0,01, d = 0,37) en la puntuación del PAQ-C entre los sexos, con superioridad en los valores masculinos; se encontraron diferencias significativas en la distribución de los niveles de actividad física divididos por el sexo (p <0,0001, d = 6,7) y en la distribución del %CG por el sexo (p <0,0001, d = 0,28). Conclusión: se identificaron índices de obesidad entre los escolares (43% y 53,10%, poblaciones femenina y masculina, respectivamente) al mismo tiempo que esa población presenta que es activa o moderadamente activa físicamente (67,07% y 67,56% masculino y femenino respectivamente); sin embargo, no se identificó, asociación entre Nivel de Actividad Física y Porcentaje de Grasa Corporal. Estos resultados corroboran los hallazgos generales de la literatura que demuestran que el NAF no es factor determinante para los valores Porcentaje de Grasa Corporal. Descriptores: Escolares; Obesidad Infantil; Promoción de la Salud, Salud Pública; Educación y Entrenamiento Físico; Educación en Salud.


2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
María Gracia Albornoz ◽  
Clara Martínez ◽  
Diamela Carías ◽  
Edgar Acosta ◽  
Hernán J. Carrasco

El propósito de este estudio fue describir la asociación entre el estado nutricional, la presencia de síndrome metabólico (SM), y el estado inflamatorio, en pacientes con Enfermedad de Chagas (ECh), atendidos en la consulta externa del Instituto de Medicina Tropical en Caracas. El estudio fue de tipo transversal y correlacional, en el cual se seleccionaron 34 pacientes a los cuales se les realizó un diagnóstico parasitológico, inmunológico y molecular de la ECh. Se evaluaron variables antropométricas, clínicas y bioquímicas, así como el SM el cual fue determinado por los criterios del III Panel estadounidense para el Tratamiento de Adultos del Programa Nacional de Educación sobre el Colesterol (ATP-III, por sus siglas en inglés). Se encontró que la mayoría de los pacientes presentaron sobrepeso u obesidad (73,5%), un porcentaje de grasa corporal (% GC) alto o muy alto (82,3%), y obesidad abdominal (61,8 %). La frecuencia de SM fue de 29,4% y más del 90% mostraron valores elevados de Proteína C Reactiva ultrasensible (PCRus). Valores más elevados del IMC se asociaron con un estadio más avanzado de la ECh. Los sujetos con presencia de ADN de Tripanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) circulante en sangre, presentaron mayor % GC, y en su mayoría, fueron diagnosticados con SM. En conclusión, los pacientes evaluados mostraron un exceso de adiposidad, que puede favorecer el estado inflamatorio, el desarrollo de SM y la progresión de la ECh. The purpose of the study was to describe the association between nutritional and inflammatory status and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MS) on patients with Chagas disease (CD) treated at the Outpatient Services of the Tropical Medicine Institute in Caracas, Venezuela. The study was cross-sectional and correlational. Thirty-four (34) patients were selected and a molecular, immunological, and parasitological diagnostic test was ran for Chagas disease. Anthropometric, clinic, and biochemical variables were evaluated, and the MS was determined using National Cholesterol Education Program Expert/Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III) criteria. The results showed a high percentage of patients overweight or presenting obesity (73.5%), a high and very high percentage of body fat (82.3%), and abdominal obesity (61.8%). The prevalence of MS was 29,4% and more than 90% of patients showed elevated values of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Higher body-mass index values were associated with advanced stages of the CD. Subjects in the presence of T. cruzi DNA in the blood showed a greater percentage of body fat and, most of them, were diagnosed with MS. In conclusion, the evaluated patients showed an excess of adiposity which may favor an inflammatory status, the development of the MS, and the progress of the CD.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Carretero-Krug ◽  
Natalia Úbeda ◽  
Carlos Velasco ◽  
Juan Medina-Font ◽  
Trinidad Trujillo Laguna ◽  
...  

Abstract Background An adequate hydration status is critical to ensure efficiency during mental and physical activities. Our goal was to assess the hydration status of a Spanish group of aeronautical military men and to determine the association of hydration status with body composition and anxiety. Methods A total of 188 men were evaluated through a validated hydration questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical parameters, and an anxiety questionnaire. Based on these methods, the criteria of hydration were established. Results Of the total sample, 81% met the hydration criteria (urine color = well hydrated, water balance ≥ 0 ml, and total water intake/weight ≥ 35 ml/kg), and 19% did not meet the hydration criteria (urine color = not sufficiently hydrated or dehydrated, water balance < 0 ml, and total water intake/weight < 35 ml/kg). Subjects not meeting the hydration criteria had lower urine pH, negative water balance, and lower water intake. The latter also had higher anxiety status (score = 4 vs. 3, P = 0.026), weight [(84.7 ± 10.5) vs. (80.5 ± 10.2) kg], body mass index [(26.3 ± 3.1) vs. (25.2 ± 2.8)]kg/m2, body fat [(22.3 ± 5.6) vs. (18.3 ± 6.5)] %, urine specific gravity, and urine color. Using a logistic binary regression model, hydration status was related significantly with the percentage of body fat (P = 0.004), but no relation was found with age, comorbidities, or medications. Furthermore, total water intake/weight was positively correlated with percentage of body water (r = 0.357, P = 0.000) and negatively with body fat (kg) (r = − 0.427, P = 0.000), percentage of body fat (r = − 0.405, P = 0.000), and waist/hip ratio (r = − 0.223, P = 0.002). Based on a linear regression model, total water intake/weight was related significantly with percentage of body fat (P = 0.001) and percentage of body water content (P = 0.035). No relation was found, however, with waist/hip ratio, age, comorbidities, or medications. Conclusions These findings all suggest a relationship between hydration status and body composition but also set the bases for future studies that relate hydration status and anxiety status. These results can be used to improve the hydration status and body composition of military personnel.


2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 749-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa S. Olive ◽  
Rohan M. Telford ◽  
D. G. Byrne ◽  
Walter P. Abhayaratna ◽  
Richard D. Telford

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alliance Kubayi ◽  
Yvonne Paul ◽  
Prescott Mahlangu ◽  
Abel Toriola

Abstract Soccer is the most popular sport worldwide. Despite its global acclaim, scientific studies of soccer have tended to focus on tactics and techniques, thereby neglecting the physical and physiological profile of the players. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine physical and anthropometric characteristics of male South African university soccer players. Twenty-seven male soccer players aged 19 to 24 (mean age: 22.1 years; s = 1.5 years) volunteered to participate in the study. The results showed that goalkeepers (77.5 ± 9.7 kg) and defenders (68.2 ± 6.5 kg) were the heaviest compared to players in other playing positions. The goalkeepers also had the highest percentage of body fat (11.3 ± 2.3%), in contrast to midfielders who had the lowest body fat content (9.1 ± 0.9%). With regard to flexibility, defenders (45.1 ± 4.9 cm) and midfielders (45.9 ± 5.4 cm) performed better than goalkeepers (37.1 ± 4.3 cm) and strikers (40.1 ± 3.4 cm). Midfielders (57.2 ± 3.1 ml1·kg−1·min1) and defenders (56.1 ± 5.1 ml1·kg−1·min1) had significantly higher values of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) than goalkeepers (47.9 ± 0.2 ml−1·kg−1·min−1) and strikers (49.8 ± 6.2 ml−1·kg−1·min−1). No significant (p > 0.05) differences were observed for all other variables, with the exception of body height, body mass, and VO2max. It was therefore concluded that sports scientists and coaches should tailor conditioning programmes in soccer according to players’ positions in view of the implications for successful performance.


2007 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 885-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Ownby ◽  
Edward L. Peterson ◽  
Dorothy Nelson ◽  
Christine C.L. Joseph ◽  
L. Keoki Williams ◽  
...  

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