scholarly journals HEALTH PSYCHOLOGIST: OCCUPATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-111
Author(s):  
Г.С. Никифоров ◽  
О.О. Гофман
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Humanistic Psychology ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
National Task ◽  
Life Path ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Healthy Personality ◽  
Health Psychologist

Психология здоровья является новым самостоятельным научным направлением и занимает одну из приоритетных позиций в решении общегосударственной задачи по развитию и воспитанию здоровой нации. На данный момент наблюдается несоответствие между накопленной базой научных знаний о здоровье и отсутствием квалифицированных специалистов - психологов здоровья, на которых будет возлагаться ответственность за их практическую реализацию. В соответствии с концепцией жизненного пути профессиональные задачи психолога здоровья по его психологическому обеспечению распределены на всех этапах бытия и должны включать биопсихосоциальные изменения человека. Представления авторов базируются на концепции здоровой личности, основные положения которой были впервые сформулированы в отечественной науке известными психиатрами и психологами С.С. Корсаковым, И.А. Сикорским, В.М. Бехтеревым, а также западными представителями гуманистической психологии А. Адлером, К. Роджерсом, А. Маслоу, К. Хорни, Г. Олпортом, Э. Фроммом. Логичным продолжением данной парадигмы является постановка вопроса о том, решение каких задач должна предусматривать профессиональная компетенция психологов здоровья. The psychology of health is a new independent scientific direction and occupies one of the priority positions in solving the national task of developing and educating a healthy nation. At the moment, there is a mismatch between the accumulated base of scientific knowledge about health and the lack of qualified specialists - health psychologists who will be held responsible for their practical implementation. In accordance with the concept of a life path, the professional tasks of a health psychologist in psychological support of health are distributed at all stages of life and should include human biopsychosocial changes. The representations of the authors are based on the concept of a healthy personality, the main provisions of which were first formulated in Russian science by famous psychiatrists and psychologists S.S. Korsakov, I.A. Sikorsky, V.M. Bekhterev, as well as Western representatives of humanistic psychology A. Adler, C. Rogers, A. Maslow, C. Horney, G. Allport, E. Fromm. A logical continuation of this paradigm is the question of what kind of tasks should be addressed by the professional competence of health psychologists.

Defining the Competence of Psychologists with a View to Public Accountability *

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ype H. Poortinga ◽  
Ingrid Lunt
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The Body ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rigorous Evaluation ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Psychological Knowledge

In national codes of ethics the practice of psychology is presented as rooted in scientific knowledge, professional skills, and experience. However, it is not self-evident that the body of scientific knowledge in psychology provides an adequate basis for current professional practice. Professional training and experience are seen as necessary for the application of psychological knowledge, but they appear insufficient to defend the soundness of one's practices when challenged in judicial proceedings of a kind that may be faced by psychologists in the European Union in the not too distant future. In seeking to define the basis for the professional competence of psychologists, this article recommends taking a position of modesty concerning the scope and effectiveness of psychological interventions. In many circumstances, psychologists can only provide partial advice, narrowing down the range of possible courses of action more by eliminating unpromising ones than by pointing out the most correct or most favorable one. By emphasizing rigorous evaluation, the profession should gain in accountability and, in the long term, in respectability.

OBOLESCENCE AND THE DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-130
Author(s):  
A.V. GOLUBEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Scientific Hypothesis ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Sociological Studies

The diffusion of innovations is described as a process in a number of scientific papers. At the same time, the causes of this process have not been sufficiently studied. The author’s goal is to consider the main regularities, under which the life cycle of innovations begins, and propose measures to enhance diffusion in modern conditions. As a scientific hypothesis, the author accepts the postulate about the primary role of the obolescence of attracted innovations in this process. The analysis revealed not only the economic proportions that initiate the start of innovation promotion, but also the influence on the diffusion rate of the obsolescence degree of innovations and the market share occupied by the new product. Methodological approaches have been developed to determine economic efficiency depending on the moment of technological change-over, as well as to determine the absolute and relative speed of innovation diffusion. Sociological studies were conducted to determine the state of innovation development and the time lag between obtaining information about an innovation and its practical implementation. The author presents his “Agroopyt” information system developed to disseminate knowledge in the agricultural sphere and ensure technology transfer in agriculture. Digital methods provide for significant accelerateion of the diffusion of innovations and expand its scope.

STUDY OF ITALIAN-LIBYAN RELATIONS IN RUSSIAN SCIENCE LITERATURE FROM THE LATE 20TH TO THE EARLY 21ST CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-125
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Vysochina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Moment

The main purpose of the article is to review the most complete and holistic scientific works of Russian authors which are devoted to the study of Italian-Libyan relations. To carry out the research a broad historiographic base on the topic was involved, the author turned to both the “classic” works of Soviet scientists, and to the most modern scientific figures. One of the main tasks in the study of the topic is to identify the historiographic issues associated with the lack of modern Russian scientific literature on the referred theme. The article analyzes the specific features of the literature published from the end of the 20th to the beginning of the 21st century in Russia, highlighting the issue of interaction between two countries in different spheres of international relations. The methodological basis of the work is the issue-chronological and complex analysis of the used literature, the establishment of the cause-effect relationships and patterns in the Russian authors approaches to their research, as well as their interpretation for the current stage of development of relations between the two countries. During research it was revealed that most of the scientific works of our compatriots are devoted to a certain, rather narrow, range of issues: the Italian–Turkish war of 1911–1912, cooperation between Libya and Italy in the control of illegal migration from Africa to Europe, Italian military intervention in the civil war in Libya 2011. At the same time, not many Russian authors cover and analyze the Italian-Libyan cooperation in the politi- cal, cultural, social, and economic fields during the long-term period of Colonel Gaddafi’s rule in Libya. In this regard, the author of the article notes that there is a great amount of historical data: the diplomatic documents, resolutions, offi- cial letters of top public executives, treaties and agreements between the coun- tries, including documents of international organizations that are not studied at present sufficiently. The article identifies the most perspective areas for further research of Italian-Libyan relations, what emphasizes the importance and relevance of the chosen topic. The author comes to a conclusion that at the moment it seems quite difficult to find a well-founded, comprehensive scientific literature designed to determine the nature and options for the development of relations between Libya and Italy at the modern stage.

scholarly journals R. Jakobson as Mediator of Cultural Transfer between Linguistics and Literary Experiments

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Vladimir Feshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Cultural Transfer ◽  
Parallel Processes ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
And Linguistics ◽  
Literary Experience ◽  
Special Language ◽  
Cultural Transfers

The article analyzes one of the forms of nomadism in the intellectual world, which is called cultural transfers. One of the directions in the study of cultural transfers is the migration of concepts and notions between scientific knowledge (in this case linguistic) and literary experience (mainly experimental). The article is devoted to one of such migration trajectory from the perspective of interdiscourse methodology. We discuss the works of one of the agents of cultural transfer in the field of linguistics – R. Jakobson. The task of the article is to draw a trajectory according to which the linguistic concepts of Jakobson intertwine with parallel processes in literary (mainly poetic) experiments. The analysis concludes that precisely in connection with close contexts and transfers between poetry and linguistics, the Russian science of language represented by Jakobson develops a view of literature as a special language and a special communicative system. This trend is not typical for the Anglo-American linguistic tradition of the twentieth century, the quintessence of which in the middle of the century was represented in the theories of N. Chomsky and his circle.

scholarly journals Restoration of the military self-administration in the Terek cossak army in spring of 1917

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 90-100
Author(s):  
Ф.С. Киреев
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

В статье анализируются причины возвращения войсковой системы самоуправления Терского казачества и показан сам процесс создания выборности войсковой власти. Актуальность исследования казачьего самоуправления обусловлена необходимостью теоретического обоснования и практического осуществления самоорганизации казачества России. Исторический анализ процесса организации самоуправления Терского казачества на войсковом уровне может послужить фундаментом для лучшего понимания и оценки современных процессов и явлений в казачьей среде и поможет выстраиванию государственной политики в отношении казачества в современной России. В отечественной историографии отсутствуют работы, посвященные конкретно восстановлению выборности власти в Терском казачьем войске. Поэтому научная новизна исследования определяется тем, что впервые предпринята попытка хронологической реконструкции истории создания войсковой системы самоуправления Терского казачества. Методологической основой исследования является принцип историзма, что предусматривает изучение момента возникновения исторического события и этапы его развития. Анализ событий на Тереке в 1917 г. показывает, что терские казаки смогли самоорганизоваться, создать полноценное административно-территориальное образование, и лишь изменение социально-политической ситуации в России в целомпомешало укрепить и продолжить это начинание. Еще необходимо отметить, что терские казаки к моменту восстановления войскового самоуправления подошли уже с готовыми проектами соответствующих документов, что позволило Терскому войску первым среди других войск создать свою выборную власть. Это говорит о высоком интеллектуальном потенциале в среде терских казаков. The article analyzes the reasons for the restoration of the military system of self-government of the Terek Cossacks and shows the very process of creating the elective military power. The relevance of the study of Cossack self-government is due to the need for theoretical justification and practical implementation of the self-organization of the Cossacks of Russia. Historical analysis of the process of organizing self-government of the Terek Cossacks at the military level can serve as a foundation for better understanding and assessment of modern processes and phenomena in the Cossack environment and will help to build state policy towards the Cossacks in modern Russia. In the Russian historiography, there are no works devoted specifically to the restoration of the election of power in the Terek Cossack army. Therefore, the scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that for the first time an attempt was made to chronologically reconstruct the history of the creation of the military system of self-government of the Terek Cossacks. The methodological basis of the research is the principle of historicism, with its focus on the study of the moment of occurrence of a historical event and the stages of its development. An analysis of the events on the Terek in 1917 shows that the Terek Cossacks were able to organize themselves and create a full-fledged administrative-territorial entity and only a change in the socio-political situation in Russia as a whole was placed, strengthened and continued this initiative. It should also be noted that the Terek Cossacks, by the time of the restoration of military self-government, came up with ready-made drafts of relevant documents, which allowed the Terek army to be the first among other troops to create their own elected power. This indicates a high intellectual potential among the Terek cossacks.

The Origins and Practice of Psychodrama

1976 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Hugh Davies
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Humanistic Psychology ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Human Relations Training

SummaryPsychodrama, a method of human relations training and psychotherapy, is traced from its creation by Moreno fifty years ago to its present resurgence with the growth of ‘humanistic’ psychology. The basic techniques are described, together with Moreno's concepts of social interaction, e.g. encounter, spontaneity, the moment, catharsis and role playing. Its uses and limitations are discussed briefly.

scholarly journals Systematic Approach to Teaching Academic Writing: Practical Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
I. E. Abramova ◽  
A. V. Ananyina
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
English Language ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Study Results

The article describes the practical implementation of an experimental model for teaching academic writing to non-linguistic students of humanities at three levels of higher education. Improving the quality of domestic scientific publications submitted to high-ranking journals requires new effective pedagogical technologies. Theory and methodology analysis, as well as empirical observations show that the problems faced by Russian-speaking authors of academic texts can be divided into two categories: strong Russian accent that creates the language barrier and hinders understanding, and flawed academic style that leads to the cross-cultural academic barrier. The described ten-year study involved 25 students of Petrozavodsk State University, aged 17 to 28, who subsequently completed bachelor’s, master’s and postgraduate programs. At each of the three stages, the participants completed a set of tasks aimed at consistent and systematic formation of academic writing competence through writing abstracts (bachelors), conference proceedings (master’s students) and full-text academic articles (postgraduate students). To collect and process the data, the researchers used an open-ended questionnaire, the observation method, expert assessment, and descriptive statistics. The study results showed that the systematic approach helps to effectively eliminate structural and stylistic writing problems over the course of studies. However, the difficulties associated with the manifestation of the Russian accent in written English-language academic discourse are more resistant. The authors make the conclusion that the systematic development of academic writing skills in English will help to overcome obstacles for the internationalization of Russian science.

scholarly journals Historiographical Overview of the Research on the Transformation of the Russian People’s Values

2020 ◽  
pp. 738-751
Author(s):  
Mikhail Ia. Khrebtov ◽  
Antonina I. Fil’ko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Cultural Transformation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Complete Picture ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Moment

The article gives a historiographical overview of the research on transformation of the Russian people’s values. It deals with the concept of “socio-cultural transformation” as the basis for the process of transformation of values in the society. The article also considers the concept of “value” presented in classical works in order to thoroughly cover the historiography of the issue of transformations of values. The issue of axiological transformation was regarded by the scholars at the intersection of or from the point of view of such fields of scientific knowledge as philosophy, history, economics, political science, sociology, psychology, cultural studies, etc. The overview focuses not on the works that analyze the values themselves, but on the research that is based on the issues and phenomena that reflect the moment, premise or cause of a social value transition, movement, revaluation, paradigm shift, formation, etc. The research overview also gives a complete picture of research on the transformation of the Russian people’s values and shows some dynamics in the development of values in modern Russian society

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