scholarly journals Social entrepreneurship as a factor in the development of rural communities in Ukraine

VUZF Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Alla Pechenuik
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction

The results of empirical research of public opinion of rural areas residents and entrepreneurs working in rural communities to determine the need for the development of social entrepreneurship are presented. The purpose of the survey was to establish the feasibility, prospects and directions of the development of social entrepreneurship within the rural areas of Ukraine and to identify the readiness of the business environment for the perception of a new concept for doing business for them. The survey was conducted among the rural population and entrepreneurs of all ages, social status, education level, type of activity. The results of the study made it possible to find out the attitude of the rural population towards social entrepreneurship, to identify its potential loyalty to the consumption of the product, which will offer the specified category of entrepreneurs, identify the greatest problems of the rural territory, the level of satisfaction with the environment and business, the adequacy of information provision for social entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs' readiness to social activity and directions of its development; the reasons that restrain the spread of social ideas in business are identified. The conducted research has allowed to reveal the reasons of low level of spread of social enterprise in the Ukrainian society. The revealed sentiments among citizens can be used by the state authorities when developing the strategy of development of rural areas of Ukraine and tested in entrepreneurial activity.

scholarly journals Intellectual Social Entrepreneurship: Prospects for the Formation of the Ecosystem

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Angelina Borodina ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina Vasilieva ◽  
Natalya Lavrenyuk ◽  
Mariya Poltavskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs

The development of social entrepreneurship is associated in general with the intellectualization of social activity and in particular with the growth of entrepreneurship as a characteristic of social active life position. The article substantiates the possibility of identifying intellectual social entrepreneurship as one of the directions of its development. The term "intellectual social entrepreneurship" is constructed on the principle of transportability – comparability with intellectual entrepreneurship. Social intelligence and social entrepreneurship have a heuristic meaning for describing the intellectual component of social entrepreneurship. There is a change in the interpretation of social entrepreneurship in modern concepts that are highlighted as key points: the creative abilities of social entrepreneurs, the connection of human capital and social entrepreneurship, the mutual influence of the institutional environment and social entrepreneurship. As a theoretical and methodological basis for studying the intellectual component of social entrepreneurship, the following theories are proposed theories of Spencer G. (actor activity as a result of evolution); Simmel G. (intellectualization as a result of activity through contemplation); Weber М. (consciousness of rational-purposeful action); Mead G (the presence of the actor the subject-object qualities); Schumpeter J. (intellectual content of labor as the basis of entrepreneurial activity); Bourdieu P. (the influence of symbolic capital on the reproducing of economic practices); Becker G. (investments in human capital); Zaslavskaya T. (achieving the goal through your own initiative); Etzkowitz H. and Leydesdorff L. (the triple helix model of innovation). An overview of empirical studies of social entrepreneurship is made. Two directions of intellectual entrepreneurship research are identified and described. They are the warsaw school that puts the focus on the entrepreneur doing business (Kwiatkowski C and Panzhinskiy T); the texas school that focuses on a scientist, an academic figure, believing entrepreneurship to be not a business, but rather an attitude towards mastering the world, a process of cultural innovation (Cherwitz R, Beckman G; Hartelius E; Sullivan S). E. Testi's concept of the social entrepreneurship ecosystem is reviewed. The article describes the trends of state, public and private support for social entrepreneurship in modern Russia. It is noted that social entrepreneurship has the potential for development in the presence of infrastructure support that contributes to the formation of an ecosystem. It is concluded that social intellectual entrepreneurship is aimed at creating and distributing intellectual goods that have social novelty and value. Further study of the intellectual component of social entrepreneurship is associated with the development of its infrastructure development, analysis of effective tools for building social entrepreneurship ecosystems abroad and assessment of the possibilities of their application in Russia.

scholarly journals Directions of modern challenges researches and problems in the Ukrainian agricultural sector

2018 ◽  
pp. 6-22
Author(s):  
A. Danielenko ◽  
D. Krysanov ◽  
D. Utechenko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Rural Sector ◽  
Industrial Branch ◽  
Production And Distribution

The deep changes in the development of the Ukrainian rural sector under the influence of gaining political independence, carrying out agrarian and land reforms, full replacement of state power and phased reform of the administrative-territorial system are analyzed. It has been established that the rural sector of Ukraine covers two key components: the industrial-branch (primary production and technologically related industries) and socio-territorial (rural and small urban settlements with population, objects of social sphere and territory as spatial basis of primary production). Asymmetry of their development lies in the fact that the food complex enhances production, but this is not accompanied by an increase in living standards and quality of the rural population living environment. In recent years, the rural sector has a number of new challenges and acute problems that require in-depth research and development and implementation of measures to overcome asymmetry in its development based on a number of innovations. Among the innovations are the completion of the administrative-territorial system post-soviet reform, the gradual shift of the responsibility center for the development of the rural sector into the combined territorial and rural communities; the continuation of systemic safety methods implementation at primary production and completion farms at processing and food enterprises; Significant increase in the volume of local budgets as a result of management decentralization and the fiscal system, capitalization of natural resources and non-performing objects, introduction of local taxes; the active development of families and farms, and especially on lands that will be transferred to the jurisdiction of the united communities, and the revival of agricultural activity on abandoned lands grappling with the deserted villages, etc. The brainstorming and overcoming the consequences of destructive processes in rural areas, and especially in crisis zones, should ensure the implementation by united communities of measures to create favorable conditions for the placement of non-agrarian activities, the inclusion of small farms in production and distribution chains, the creation of professional mini-associations of food producers, agricultural production and service cooperatives for the purpose of labor-intensive production operations prompt execution, timely collection and sales of grown products, assistance in solving domestic problems of rural population, facilitating the accessibility of remote village residents to basic services, etc. Areas of research in the rural sector are systematized, in the course of which implementation of the results will ensure the strengthening of sustainable development of rural areas. Among them: methodical recommendations for assessing the productive potential of rural communities and ensuring the increase of tax revenues to the budgets of the combined territorial communities, taking into account the availability of rural assets (natural resources, minerals, other objects) and their inclusion in the economic circulation; the development of conceptual foundations, the formation of economic echanisms and tools for supporting families and farms, which will be organized on unoccupied agricultural lands, as well as on the basis of labor generations revitalization; improvement of existing mechanisms and tools for managing the development of the rural sector in order to increase the effectiveness of the new administrative-territorial organization system and self-organization of citizens; formation of an effective model of small farms involvement in the production of final food products and its promotion in production and distribution chains, etc. Key words: rural sector, industrial-branch component, socio-territorial component, rural territories, challenges and problems, asymmetry and balanced development, united territorial and rural / domestic communities, depressive zones, family and farming farms.

scholarly journals RURAL HUMAN CAPITAL AS A DETERMINANT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta BOMBIAK ◽  
Adam MARCYSIAK
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Level Of Education

Human capital is an economic category which is increasingly applied in the models of economic growth and development. Many studies have demonstrated its positive effect on economic development at the national and regional levels. The level of development of rural areas is also strongly correlated with the human factor. The objective of the study was to carry out a quantitative and qualitative diagnosis of the situation of human capital across rural areas in Poland and to indicate the main challenges associated with the shaping of this capital in the context of economic growth simulation. The method used to meet the objective was a review of source literature and an analysis of statistical data from the Central Statistical Office (GUS) with the application of dynamics and structure indices. In the course of research, it was established that the main trends affecting the situation of human resource capital across rural areas in Poland are: the ageing of the rural population, as a dominant negative trend, and a systematic, though slow, increase in the level of education, as a dominant positive trend. It was determined that unfavorable demographic transformations of rural communities involve the risk of limiting economic activities of the elderly, and at the same time, also a decrease in their economic independence and an increase in the social burden resulting therefrom. On the other hand, the observed rise in the level of education and economic activity may accelerate the beneficial transformations of the area structure of agricultural farms, for it contributes to the acceleration of migration of the rural population to other, non-agricultural professions. In this context, taking actions, both nationally and regionally, aiming at increasing qualifications of rural (including agricultural) populations constitutes a vital opportunity, which increases intellectual potential and competitiveness across the country and its individual regions.

ACTIVE ROLES OF NGOs AND CBOs TO PROMOTE ENTREPRENEURS’ PASSION AND DRIVE IN THE TOWNSHIPS AND RURAL AREAS OF SOUTH AFRICA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 329-337
Author(s):  
Malefetsane Mofolo
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Community Based ◽  
North West ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
Accelerate Growth ◽  
Recent Policy

In South Africa, entrepreneurial spirit is regarded as fundamental to the future development of the country. To that effect, regulatory reforms have been introduced, and others are still to be introduced to stimulate and bring about change to the entrepreneurial activity. Again, for instance, in some provinces non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and community based organisations (CBOs) have been established. A point in case is that in North West Province, Chambers of commerce have been established to mobilise and facilitate relations between government and business community on issues related to the economy and enterprise development programmes. However, when one analyses these, one develops a sense that genuine aspects related to less tangible components of entrepreneurial activity, such as the drive for passion, enthusiasm, motivation and attitudes, have been partially stimulated through government programmes in South Africa, especially in townships and rural communities. Therefore, in order to position the contestation of this article, a desktop approach was adopted, where existing theoretical and empirical documents were consulted to highlight the discourse around these issues and the recent policy developments targeted to accelerate growth and development of small, medium and micro-enterprises (SMMEs), including co-operatives. The findings from the literature show the disposition of government to support entrepreneurship endeavours, and challenges related to, inter alia, awarding of government contacts and access to markets. Consequently, the active roles of NGOs and CBOs as government partners to ensure entrepreneurs’ passion and drive in the townships and rural areas of South Africa are recommended.

The creation of management systems for funding priorities in wastewater project in rural communities in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1181-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Farrokhi ◽  
M. Hajrasoliha ◽  
G. Meemari ◽  
M. Fahiminia ◽  
M. Talebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Integrated Cost

For sustainable development an integrated cost-effective approach focused on the goal of health and environmental protection is necessary. In Iran more than 22 million people live in rural communities. A little more than 92% of the rural population in Iran have access to safe drinking water supply, but only less than 0.2% have sanitary wastewater disposal system. Groundwater is the main resource of water supply in rural communities in Iran and contaminated or untreated groundwater can be the major reason for waterborne diseases outbreak and wastewater discharge is the main cause of groundwater contamination. In new strategy in Iran's wastewater company, the importance of wastewater treatment is equal to water treatment in rural communities and the main goal in this section is providing sanitary wastewater disposal system for 8% of rural areas until 2010 and 30% until 2020. One of the most important limitations for establishment of wastewater disposal system is the limitation of governmental funds. For this reason, a national program was performed for ranking of rural communities with the goal of improving the funding effectiveness in wastewater management in rural communities. Many important criteria were considered for determination of priorities, these criteria include: population, population density, water consumption and wastewater generation, wastes disposal systems at present, environmental and health risks, agricultural and industrial wastewater, social conditions specially public participation, investment simplicity and type of living (seasonal or permanent). For collection of information about rural community, according to the criteria, a questionnaire was designed with 40 quantified questions. Questionnaires completed for all rural areas with more than 400 people population (more than 77% of rural population of the country). Completed questionnaires were analyzed with specific software for ranking of villages according to above mentioned criteria. Right now the classification of villages is available in provinces of the country from environmental and health crisis and funding points of view and we know whereabouts have priority for establishment of wastewater installations.

scholarly journals Trends of Economic Activity of the Population in Rural Areas of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Larysa Boyko ◽  
◽  
Vira Chevhanova ◽  
Svitlana Kulakova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises

Annotation. Introduction. The implementation of measures to reform the economy as a whole, agrarian reform and, in particular, land relations in agriculture, was one of the factors influencing the change in the structure of the resident population in terms of economic activity and changes in the agricultural labor market. Analysis of the distribution of the population of Ukraine by economic activity indicates a decrease by almost one third of the number of the economically active population in 2019 compared to 2000. There is also a trend towards a decrease in the number of those employed in economic activity. Purpose. The aim of the article is exploration of employment indicators (formal and informal) and unemployment of the rural population in Ukraine and identification of the main trends. Results. It has been established that the employed rural population is less educated and, accordingly, they perform mostly unattractive types of work that do not require high qualifications. It was revealed that workers in rural settlements have fewer job opportunities at their place of residence. In villages, the number of people who are employers is almost half. The biggest problem in rural areas is self-employment or predominantly employment in private households. A sharp increase in the share of unemployed youth who cannot find a job after graduating from educational institutions has been established. The situation with regard to youth employment in the villages of Ukraine is especially difficult. It turned out that 2/3 of workers in rural areas are employed in the informal sector. Moreover, two urban residents of this sector prefer hired labor, in agriculture, on the contrary, self-employed make up 74.0%, that is, they work in a peasant farm for agricultural products. In half of the cases, informal employment is carried out in agriculture. Conclusions. The unemployed urban dweller is more educated and therefore has more advantages over the rural dweller in terms of employment. Unemployed people in cities have more opportunities to choose a job, therefore they are more active when they leave their jobs of their own accord and depend on the seasonality of their work. For 1990-2019 the average number of full-time agricultural enterprises decreased 12.2 times due to the liquidation of agricultural enterprises. One of the reasons was the denationalization and privatization of enterprises in Ukraine, especially in rural areas, which were not supplemented by effective mechanisms for the employment of people, including by promoting the development of entrepreneurial activity. Keywords: labor market, employment, informal employment, unemployment, economically inactive population.

scholarly journals State support for the development of rural green tourism at the regional level

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Mykola Butko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
State Support ◽  
Green Tourism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourism Enterprises ◽  
Further Development

The subject of research is the theoretical and practical principles of organization and development of rural green tourism enterprises, its regulation and support as a form of entrepreneurial activity in rural areas. The purpose of the work is to develop theoretical principles and practical proposals for the implementation of state support for rural green tourism enterprises and its improvement. The methodological basis of the article were the main theoretical and methodological provisions of economics, regulations of Ukraine, the works of leading foreign and domestic scientists. Results of work. The paper identifies the conditions and resources, features and institutions of organization and development of rural green tourism enterprises. The importance and sources of its spread and growth as a form of entrepreneurial activity in the countryside are substantiated. The forms of statistical reporting for the account are offered. The directions of improvement of the state regulation of the further development of its subjects are developed, including with the involvement of regional and local authorities, united territorial communities. Field of application of results. The conclusions of the article can be used in the educational and scientific process of higher education institutions, the work of rural communities, local governments, fiscal services. Conclusions. In the future, to ensure the development of rural green tourism in Ukraine and its effective management is considered appropriate: to improve the regulatory framework of rural tourism activities at both state and regional levels; constantly monitor indicators and study the needs of the market of its products and services; create an infrastructure of state financial and credit support for rural green tourism entities.

scholarly journals THE FEATURES OF ENTREPRENEURIAL INTERACTIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN TERMS OF INSTITUTIONAL TRANSFORMATIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksym Odnorog ◽  
Nataliia Kraus ◽  
Kateryna Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Business Entities

Entrepreneurship is one of the pillars of the economy of the country and covers all sectors irrespective of ownership forms. Currently, this activity is increasingly spreading in rural areas. Our research results on transformation in the agricultural sector of the economy show that it is due to the development of entrepreneurship and strengthening entrepreneurial orientation and improvement of business environment economic entities in rural areas they were able to quickly and efficiently adapt to market conditions and to enter the foreign market, therefore, the purpose of the paper is to define the basic principles and the principles of entrepreneurial activity, its specifics and trends in agriculture and rural areas, to show the beginning and the development of collective and individual entrepreneurship. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the dialectical method of cognition and systematic approach, through which theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of business interactions in the agricultural sector in terms of institutional transformations. The results showed that in the article, the methodical design determining the nature and characteristics of agricultural business organically integrated the concept of institutional knowledge of the economic order, which allows us to identify the evolutionary concept of the formation of enterprises; the structure of the institutional system of entrepreneurship in the context of the evolution of this concept. Practical implications. The studied institutions create incentives for the development of science and education, encourage the mobility of production factors, and facilitate the transfer of scientific and technical information and the introduction of new technologies, promoting entrepreneurship and innovation. Conversely, inefficient institutions reduce the potential level of well-being, reduce reliability assurance of property rights, and enforce contracts. Value/originality. Given systematic and analytical characteristics of the effects, significance, dynamics of development of agrarian entrepreneurship in the context of institutional transformation, show the paradox, the stability of the institutional environment will not soon be reached, therefore, the dilemma of institutions remains unresolved. In general, the institutional transformation has ensured the formation of a mixed economy, the real pluralism of forms of ownership and agricultural management even if they are not yet fully institutionalized in the market. Transformations in the business environment we call the transformation of institutional conditions for the development of economic formations. Institute of entrepreneurship for the imperfections of the rules and conditions of economic interactions has not yet become mutually beneficial by the Institute for functional participants. Analysis of the development of agrarian enterprises in the conditions of institutional transformations proves the inconsistency of the institutional framework of entrepreneurial activity, which leads to a decrease in the number of enterprises – economic entities, non-transparent activities of business entities, the removal of landlords from participation in the activities of enterprises.

scholarly journals Adventure Tourism: Insight from Experienced Visitors of Romanian National and Natural Parks

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Diana E. Dumitras ◽  
Valentin C. Mihai ◽  
Ionel M. Jitea ◽  
Delia Donici ◽  
Iulia C. Muresan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cultural Immersion ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Adventure Tourism ◽  
Natural Parks ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction

The rapid growth of adventure tourism is remarked all over the world, being considered as a modern form of tourism. This study attempted to investigate the preferences of experienced visitors of Romanian national and natural parks with the main focus on understanding what motives describe the three elements that define adventure tourism: physical activity, natural environment and cultural immersion, and what is the level of satisfaction regarding the quality of facilities and services. An online survey was filled in by 137 members of adventure tourism groups, being further grouped based on their experiences. Results indicate that experienced participants better appreciated the opportunity to be engaged in physical activity and to explore the natural environment. Cultural experience was perceived as similar by both groups. The level of satisfaction about facilities and services provided by the national and natural parks and adjacent rural communities was similar among groups, except for that about the existing information panels. Future development actions should address both groups to enhance their willingness to revisit the areas and increase the attractiveness of tourism in rural areas situated in the neighborhood of parks.

scholarly journals Social Transparency in Rural Areas in Norway: Promoting or Restraining the Desire to Stay?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-564
Author(s):  
Maja Farstad ◽  
Alexander Zahl-Thanem
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Statistical Effect

Abstract “Everyone knows everyone” is a recurring characteristic in descriptions of rural communities, one that has been interpreted as both a benefit and a drawback in research on such localities. In response to that discrepancy, this paper investigates the overall statistical effect of social transparency on residents’ desire to continue living in their rural communities. As revealed by analyses of survey data representing a national sample of Norway’s rural population in 2016, social transparency did significantly increase respondents’ desire to maintain residency in their rural communities. In providing and explaining such results, the paper contributes to current understandings of social conditions that influence rural (non-)migration and rural resilience.

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