scholarly journals STATE-OF-THE-ART CONCEPTION OF THE PERI-URBAN AREA

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Matas Cirtautas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Intermediate Space ◽  
The City

This article discusses the state-of-the-art conception of the peri-urban area and aims at making the clarification of the term. While exploring the historical origins and features of suburban development, it appears that the extensive urban development processes and resulting formation of an intermediate space between the city and countryside is not a conceptually new phenomenon typical of the developed countries. The current interest in this spatial phenomenon (suburbs) is determined by the consistently growing importance of this territorial-organizational unit: recently increased suburban population, greatly expanded areas etc. If the previously used concept of the peri-urban area was closely linked to the city as a central analytical discourse, most recently, in the context of radical decentralization processes, there has been a tendency to defining this urban peripheral area as unique functional and territorial space – the peri-urban landscape. Although scientific and popular literature on suburbs and peri-urban areas is extensive, yet the subject always seems to be elusive. The peri-urban areas are still described as the integral parts of the regular suburban transformation processes taking place in the context of changing social, economic and ecological conditions. The latter holistic approach is a fundamental attribute of a contemporary knowledge of peri-urban space and the key element of the current debate on sustainable urban and regional development.

scholarly journals Urban Identity From the Perspective of Urban Atmosphere Case Study : Klungkung, Bali, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Made Agus Mahendra ◽  
Syamsul Alam Paturusi ◽  
Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra ◽  
I Dewa Gede Agung Diasana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
International Scope ◽  
Cultural Character ◽  
Community Institutions ◽  
The City

Urban areas are areas that give different atmosphere and taste in different places. There are aspects that can affect the atmosphere of urban areas. Where in each urban area has different characteristics. Klungkung city area which basically is strongly influenced by the strong cultural character of the past. Urban atmosphere has a very important role in the identity of urban areas. cities on the island of Bali have unique and unique characteristics that make the city atmosphere different. Moreover, Bali in national and international scope already has an attraction that cannot be separated from the atmosphere of the island of Bali. The atmosphere of the city space gives a different atmosphere both in the identity and character of the urban area of Klungkung, Bali. In the urban environment there is a spatial atmosphere as an indicator and reference for the development of the identity of the Klungkung urban area, Bali.    This research is motivated by the lack of understanding and understanding of the community, institutions and local governments about the atmosphere of urban space. The atmosphere of urban space provides a very important understanding and analysis of the taste and atmosphere of urban areas. The approach to the atmosphere of the city can be seen from nine aspects that must be considered in creating atmosphere in buildings and cities. The atmosphere in this study has the meaning of the sense of taste, the atmosphere in which a person is in space, creativity, taste and intention that form a shelter in a particular area. The atmosphere in this study emphasizes the atmosphere, the meaning of space and taste which includes local Balinese culture, especially in the city of Klungkung. This research uses qualitative methods by emphasizing descriptive studies, and literature studies. This study aims to determine the urban atmosphere of the Klungkung region and the relationship between the urban atmosphere and the identity of the Klungkung Bali urban area. From the results of the analysis in the conceptual order, the benefits and results obtained provide an overview of the atmosphere of the urban space as one of the identity of the Klungkung Bali urban area. Index Terms— Urban atmosphere, urban identity, urban space, urban areas  

Urban Heritage

Geography ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
María García-Hernández ◽  
Manuel de la Calle-Vaquero
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Urban Heritage ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

The concept of urban heritage has two meanings. First, urban heritage can refer to the list of heritage elements located in urban areas: archaeological vestiges, historical buildings, vernacular architecture, historical gardens, social practices, rituals, and festive events, among others. Second, urban heritage can refer to the city as heritage, a special type of cultural property that is mainly associated with neighborhoods, urban centers, and historic cities. This article focuses on the second meaning. The focus is placed on the heritage values of the urban space, which are overall values resulting from the integration of different components. The use of the term urban heritage has become popular during the last decades. However, it is closely linked to conservation and restoration proposals of historic centers in European cities since the mid-20th century. From Europe, urban conservation extends to other parts of the world, driven by organizations such as UNESCO that establishes a special category of cultural properties named “groups of buildings” in the World Heritage Convention in 1972, generally associated with towns. Since the beginning of the 21st century, UNESCO is promoting an extended approach to urban heritage that goes beyond the built environment and integrates social, economic, and functional dimensions. The Recommendation on Historic Urban Landscape of 2011 provides a more global vision and gives special prominence to the communities that inhabit historic towns or historic centers. This approach also implies a disciplinary opening, with an increasing number of inputs coming from social sciences. In this sense, this article basically includes some recent works on urban heritage that allow to establish the present state of the issue. Historical trajectory of the concept is described until reaching the current approximations in terms of the historical urban landscape. A set of contributions that deal with its components are presented, from the location conditions to the social representations and their meanings. References to the main vectors that threaten the preservation of their values and also to the mechanisms to make heritage a vector of sustainable development are included. Special attention is paid to the management of heritage sectors of the city. This urban management must balance the safeguard as heritage properties and the maintenance of adequate levels of quality of life for the communities that live there. Due to the important tourist dimension of these spaces, reflecting on the positive and negative effects of an increasing influx of visitors is very important nowadays. Finally global preservation strategies, in case of the World Heritage List, are contrasted with specific situations of very different geographical areas (Europe, Latin America, China, Middle East, etc.).

scholarly journals Densidade demográfica: um estudo comparativo de duas metodologias a partir de imagens orbital e suborbital na cidade de Aparecida de Goiânia/Goiás

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Mota Santos ◽  
Danielly Cristina de Souza Costa Homes ◽  
Helci Ferreira Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Density Mapping ◽  
The City

Resumo O mapeamento de densidade demográfica é recorrente, serve ao planejamento e implantação de obras civis, auxilia na estimação da demanda em transporte, na identificação de áreas para implantação de estabelecimentos de educação e saúde. Contudo, a densidade é normalmente calculada pelo Método Coroplético, que dá a impressão de que a população está distribuída homogeneamente em cada unidade de área, no caso os setores censitários, mesmo quando partes da região são, na realidade, desabitada. Desse modo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi aplicar o método dasimétrico, a partir de dois produtos diferentes de sensoriamento remoto, manipulados num SIG. Os resultados revelaram que a densidade está diretamente relacionada ao tipo de imagem utilizada. O mapeamento a partir de fotografias aéreas revelou áreas urbanas com maior detalhe, e, portanto densidades demográficas mais realísticas. Além disso, identificaram-se densidades não homogêneas no espaço urbano do município de Aparecida de Goiânia, em que apenas 14,81% da área dos setores urbanos possuem de fato área urbana e 20,47% das áreas dos bairros estão de fato ocupadas. Palavras-chave: Geoprocessing; Spatial statistics; Population density   Abstract Demographic density mapping is recurrent, serve to the planning and implementation of civil works, assists in estimating transport demands, in the indentification of areas to education and heath premise establishments. However, density is normally calculated by Coropletic Method, wich give the impession of that population are homogeneously distributed in each unit of area, in that case the census tratus, even when parts of region are, in fact, inhabited. Thus, the objective of this work was to apply the dasimetric method, from two different remote sensing products manipulated in a GIS. Results showed that the density is directly related to the type of image used. Mapping from aerial photographs revealed more detailed urban areas, and, therefore more realistic demographic densities. Besides that, non-homogeneous densities were identified in the urban space of the city of Aparecida de Goiânia, in which only 14.81% of the area of the urban sectors actually have an urban area and 20.47% of the areas of the neighborhoods are actually occupied. Keywords: Geoprocessing; Apatial statistics,; Population density   Resumem El mapeo de la densidad de la población es recurrente, sirve a la planificación y ejecución de obras civiles, asiste en la estimación de la demanda de transporte, y la identificación de áreas para la implementación de servicios de educación y salud. Sin embargo, la densidad se calcula generalmente por el método Coroplético, lo que da la impresión de que la población se distribuye de manera uniforme en cada unidad de superficie en el caso de los sectores censitarios, incluso cuando partes de la región son en realidad deshabitados. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue aplicar el método dasimétrico a partir de dos productos diferentes de teledetección, que se manejan en un SIG. Los resultados mostraron que la densidad está directamente relacionada con el tipo de imagen que se utiliza. El mapeo de las fotografías aéreas reveló áreas urbanas con más detalle, y por lo tanto, la densidad de población más realistas. Además, identificaron la densidad no homogénea en el espacio urbano de la ciudad de Aparecida de Goiânia, donde sólo el 14,81% de la superficie de los sectores urbanos tienen área urbana y el 20.47% de las áreas de los barrios están ocupados. Palavras-chave: Geoprocesamiento; Estadística espacial; Densidad demográfica

scholarly journals Building The Tree Inventory Application for City of East Jakarta

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Sulistyantara ◽  
Imawan W. Hidayat ◽  
A. Nasirudin Taher ◽  
Hendrawan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Fundamental Function ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Trees are essential elements of an urban space. The presence of trees in urban areas is not only appreciated as physical attribute, but beyond this, it serves a fundamental function in balancing and conserving urban ecosystem. Especially in tropical countries like Indonesia which receive high levels of solar radiation, trees contribute to the protection of urban areas from the impact of excessive micro-climatic conditions. But, the presence of trees sometimes resulted in the accidents for the residences because of broken branches and human injuries. This situation leads the city to prepare a tree inventory system, which is beneficial in giving the information about tree conditions and thus the information that would be useful for tree maintenance activities. The tree inventory on application for the city of East Jakarta was built for this purpose, comprising a tree inventory and easy access to the database. The application connects the database source with the GIS map, so that the users could retrieve information for each kind of data.

scholarly journals Sustainable Site System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorden J. S. Lefler
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Site Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This thesis discusses a method of analysing the input of interventions in a building's site design, all of which affect the heat island effect, bio-diversity and hydrology of urban areas. Existing standards from Toronto, Vancouver and Berlin have been researched and analysed. This paper presents an evolution of a method called biotope area factor used in Berlin, Germany. A synthesis of the approach of all three systems was considered and distilled into the key points which were then incorporated into the proposed method. In addition to the impact of an individual building, it also includes the impact from the adjacent street area. The final components of this thesis are the application of the method developed to an urban area in the city of Toronto and results showing the impacts on architectural design from site rating systems.

scholarly journals URBAN STUDIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THEORIES OF VISUAL PRACTICES

2017 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
A. M. Tormakhova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Monumental Architecture ◽  
The City

One of the leading trends in contemporary cultural studies is the appealto the field of visual. Thepurpose of the article is to investigate the range of problems associated withthe existence, functioning of various visual practices in the urban space and the disclosure of the specifics of communication carried out through their intermediation. In urban space, there are many forms, such as monumental architecture, urban sculpture, outdoor illumination, landscape art, street art, graffiti and others. These artifacts are the subject of cultural research within different disciplines - aesthetics, cultural studies, design, and art. It may be noted that in recentdecades, significant development gets such a direction as Urban Studies, in which the focus of research serves the city. The methodology of the study includes an appeal to an interdisciplinary approach that relies on the achievements of practical cultural studies, Urban studies,and aesthetics theory by Ukrainian and Western authors. Scientific novelty consists in analyzing the connection ofactual visual practices presented in the urban space and forming of Internet activity, which facilitates the mutual influence of these spheres one on another. The author noted that urban space is gradually becoming not only interactive, but also fully assuming the characteristics of WEB 2.0, which means active rethinking and transforming the environment, urban residents involvement in decision-making that becomes a norm of everyday life. City is a kind of text that reflects changing tastes, politicaland economic factors in visualform. Town and city public spaces play an important role in shaping the interaction within society. One of the pressing problems of practical cultural studies in general and urban areas in particular, should be integrated into organization of the urban environment and design the image of the city. The practical significance lies in the fact that the results of the research can beused in developing the urban sphere in particular and in actualizing the issue of organizing the urban environment and constructing the image of the city.

scholarly journals An automated classification system for urban areas matching the ‘city country fingers’ pattern: the cases of Kamakura (Japan) and Acireale (Italy) cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Spina ◽  
Emiliano Tramontana
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
City Development ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

Abstract The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas is one of the main factors that reduce the liveability of cities. In recent years, to contrast urban sprawl, several nations have promoted policies aimed at developing urban green spaces. The importance of green oases within cities had already been highlighted, in 1977, by the architect Christopher Alexander who had developed a series of patterns including ‘City Country Fingers’ claiming that city development should consider the prolongation of country land in to the urban area. In several cities, especially in Japan, it is possible to recognize the imprint of urban development based on country fingers. This term refers to extensive urban intersections of agricultural land or wooded hills which, from the peripheral areas, penetrate the city. Inside them, there are urban windows, called city fingers, whose development direction is opposite to those of the country fingers. To recognize and analyze, in an automated way, these particular structures, a Python-based application was created. Starting from the original high-resolution image of Google Earth, a complete analysis was performed, labeling and delimiting urban and vegetational areas and extrapolating the main geometric parameters of the country and city fingers. The finalization of the results obtained was carried out through a classification model whose criteria were based on Alexander’s pattern. Thanks to this classification scheme, the distinction between Active Green Areas (country fingers) and Passive Green Areas (gardens and public parks) have been revealed for the analyzed cities. The tests performed showed almost ideal conditions for the city of Kamakura and a limited match for the urban area of Acireale. The proposed method is suitable for fields of application that require a qualitative and quantitative determination of the vegetation cover present within the city, an essential condition for correct territorial planning.

scholarly journals Cultural Memory and Urban Space in Shaping Cultural Identity

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-183
Author(s):  
Valentyna Bohatyrets ◽  
Liubov Melnychuk
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
City Space ◽  
New Type ◽  
The City ◽  
Historic Cities

Nowadays, in the age of massive spatial transformations in the built environment, cities witness a new type of development, different in size, scale and momentum that has been thriving since late 20th century. Diverse transformation of historic cities under modernisation has led to concerns in terms of the space and time continuity disintegration and the preservation of historic cities. In a similar approach, we can state that city and city space do not only consist of present, they also consist of the past; they include the transformations, relations, values, struggles and tensions of the past. As it could be defined, space is the history itself. Currently, we would like to display how Chernivtsi cultural and architectural heritage is perceived and maintained in the course of its evolution. Noteworthy, Chernivtsi city is speculated a condensed human existence and vibes, with public urban space and its ascriptions are its historical archives and sacred memory. Throughout the history, CHERNIVTSI’s urban landscape has changed, while preserving its unique and distinctive spirit of diversity, multifacetedness and tolerance. The city squares of the Austrian, Romanian and Soviet epochs were crammed with statuary of royal elites and air of aristocracy, soviet leaders and a shade of patriotic obsession, symbolic animals and sacred piety – that eventually shaped its unique “Bukovynian supranational identity”. Keywords: Chernivtsi, cultural memory, memory studies, monuments, squares, identity.

Simulation of the Cooking Organic Aerosol Concentration Variability in an Urban Area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Siouti ◽  
Ksakousti Skyllakou ◽  
Ioannis Kioutsioukis ◽  
Giancarlo Ciarelli ◽  
Spyros N. Pandis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Cooking Times ◽  
The City ◽  
Lunch Time

<p>Cooking operations can be an important fine PM source for urban areas. Cooking emissions are a source of pollution that has been often ignored and are not included or are seriously underestimated in urban emission inventories. However, several field studies in cities all over Europe suggest that cooking organic aerosol (COA) can be an important component of the total organic PM. In this study we propose and evaluate a methodology for the simulation of the COA concentration and its variability in space and time in an urban area. The city of Patras, the third biggest in Greece is used for this first application for a typical late summer period. The spatial distribution of COA emissions is based on the exact location of restaurants and grills, while the emissions on the meat consumption in Greece. We estimated COA emissions of 150 kg d<sup>-1</sup> that corresponds to 0.6 g d<sup>-1</sup> per person. The temporal distribution of COA was based on the known cooking times and the results of the past field studies in the area. Half of the daily COA is emitted during dinner time (21:00-0:00 LT), while approximately 25% during lunch time (13:00-16:00 LT). The COA is simulated using the Volatility Basis Set with a volatility distribution measured in the laboratory and is treated as semivolatile and reactive. The maximum average COA concentration during the simulation period is predicted to be 1.3 μg m<sup>-3</sup> in a mainly pedestrian area with a high density of restaurants. Peak hourly COA concentrations in this area exceed 10 μg m<sup>-3</sup> during several nights. The local production of secondary COA is predicted to be slow and it represents just a few percent of the total COA.</p><p> </p>

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