scholarly journals Densidade demográfica: um estudo comparativo de duas metodologias a partir de imagens orbital e suborbital na cidade de Aparecida de Goiânia/Goiás

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Mota Santos ◽  
Danielly Cristina de Souza Costa Homes ◽  
Helci Ferreira Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Density Mapping ◽  
The City

Resumo O mapeamento de densidade demográfica é recorrente, serve ao planejamento e implantação de obras civis, auxilia na estimação da demanda em transporte, na identificação de áreas para implantação de estabelecimentos de educação e saúde. Contudo, a densidade é normalmente calculada pelo Método Coroplético, que dá a impressão de que a população está distribuída homogeneamente em cada unidade de área, no caso os setores censitários, mesmo quando partes da região são, na realidade, desabitada. Desse modo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi aplicar o método dasimétrico, a partir de dois produtos diferentes de sensoriamento remoto, manipulados num SIG. Os resultados revelaram que a densidade está diretamente relacionada ao tipo de imagem utilizada. O mapeamento a partir de fotografias aéreas revelou áreas urbanas com maior detalhe, e, portanto densidades demográficas mais realísticas. Além disso, identificaram-se densidades não homogêneas no espaço urbano do município de Aparecida de Goiânia, em que apenas 14,81% da área dos setores urbanos possuem de fato área urbana e 20,47% das áreas dos bairros estão de fato ocupadas. Palavras-chave: Geoprocessing; Spatial statistics; Population density   Abstract Demographic density mapping is recurrent, serve to the planning and implementation of civil works, assists in estimating transport demands, in the indentification of areas to education and heath premise establishments. However, density is normally calculated by Coropletic Method, wich give the impession of that population are homogeneously distributed in each unit of area, in that case the census tratus, even when parts of region are, in fact, inhabited. Thus, the objective of this work was to apply the dasimetric method, from two different remote sensing products manipulated in a GIS. Results showed that the density is directly related to the type of image used. Mapping from aerial photographs revealed more detailed urban areas, and, therefore more realistic demographic densities. Besides that, non-homogeneous densities were identified in the urban space of the city of Aparecida de Goiânia, in which only 14.81% of the area of the urban sectors actually have an urban area and 20.47% of the areas of the neighborhoods are actually occupied. Keywords: Geoprocessing; Apatial statistics,; Population density   Resumem El mapeo de la densidad de la población es recurrente, sirve a la planificación y ejecución de obras civiles, asiste en la estimación de la demanda de transporte, y la identificación de áreas para la implementación de servicios de educación y salud. Sin embargo, la densidad se calcula generalmente por el método Coroplético, lo que da la impresión de que la población se distribuye de manera uniforme en cada unidad de superficie en el caso de los sectores censitarios, incluso cuando partes de la región son en realidad deshabitados. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue aplicar el método dasimétrico a partir de dos productos diferentes de teledetección, que se manejan en un SIG. Los resultados mostraron que la densidad está directamente relacionada con el tipo de imagen que se utiliza. El mapeo de las fotografías aéreas reveló áreas urbanas con más detalle, y por lo tanto, la densidad de población más realistas. Además, identificaron la densidad no homogénea en el espacio urbano de la ciudad de Aparecida de Goiânia, donde sólo el 14,81% de la superficie de los sectores urbanos tienen área urbana y el 20.47% de las áreas de los barrios están ocupados. Palavras-chave: Geoprocesamiento; Estadística espacial; Densidad demográfica

scholarly journals Urban Identity From the Perspective of Urban Atmosphere Case Study : Klungkung, Bali, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Made Agus Mahendra ◽  
Syamsul Alam Paturusi ◽  
Ngakan Ketut Acwin Dwijendra ◽  
I Dewa Gede Agung Diasana Putra
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
International Scope ◽  
Cultural Character ◽  
Community Institutions ◽  
The City

Urban areas are areas that give different atmosphere and taste in different places. There are aspects that can affect the atmosphere of urban areas. Where in each urban area has different characteristics. Klungkung city area which basically is strongly influenced by the strong cultural character of the past. Urban atmosphere has a very important role in the identity of urban areas. cities on the island of Bali have unique and unique characteristics that make the city atmosphere different. Moreover, Bali in national and international scope already has an attraction that cannot be separated from the atmosphere of the island of Bali. The atmosphere of the city space gives a different atmosphere both in the identity and character of the urban area of Klungkung, Bali. In the urban environment there is a spatial atmosphere as an indicator and reference for the development of the identity of the Klungkung urban area, Bali.    This research is motivated by the lack of understanding and understanding of the community, institutions and local governments about the atmosphere of urban space. The atmosphere of urban space provides a very important understanding and analysis of the taste and atmosphere of urban areas. The approach to the atmosphere of the city can be seen from nine aspects that must be considered in creating atmosphere in buildings and cities. The atmosphere in this study has the meaning of the sense of taste, the atmosphere in which a person is in space, creativity, taste and intention that form a shelter in a particular area. The atmosphere in this study emphasizes the atmosphere, the meaning of space and taste which includes local Balinese culture, especially in the city of Klungkung. This research uses qualitative methods by emphasizing descriptive studies, and literature studies. This study aims to determine the urban atmosphere of the Klungkung region and the relationship between the urban atmosphere and the identity of the Klungkung Bali urban area. From the results of the analysis in the conceptual order, the benefits and results obtained provide an overview of the atmosphere of the urban space as one of the identity of the Klungkung Bali urban area. Index Terms— Urban atmosphere, urban identity, urban space, urban areas  

scholarly journals STATE-OF-THE-ART CONCEPTION OF THE PERI-URBAN AREA

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Matas Cirtautas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Intermediate Space ◽  
The City

This article discusses the state-of-the-art conception of the peri-urban area and aims at making the clarification of the term. While exploring the historical origins and features of suburban development, it appears that the extensive urban development processes and resulting formation of an intermediate space between the city and countryside is not a conceptually new phenomenon typical of the developed countries. The current interest in this spatial phenomenon (suburbs) is determined by the consistently growing importance of this territorial-organizational unit: recently increased suburban population, greatly expanded areas etc. If the previously used concept of the peri-urban area was closely linked to the city as a central analytical discourse, most recently, in the context of radical decentralization processes, there has been a tendency to defining this urban peripheral area as unique functional and territorial space – the peri-urban landscape. Although scientific and popular literature on suburbs and peri-urban areas is extensive, yet the subject always seems to be elusive. The peri-urban areas are still described as the integral parts of the regular suburban transformation processes taking place in the context of changing social, economic and ecological conditions. The latter holistic approach is a fundamental attribute of a contemporary knowledge of peri-urban space and the key element of the current debate on sustainable urban and regional development.

scholarly journals Semantic segmentation of PolSAR image data using advanced deep learning model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajat Garg ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Nikunj Bansal ◽  
Manish Prateek ◽  
Shashi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Deep Learning Model

AbstractUrban area mapping is an important application of remote sensing which aims at both estimation and change in land cover under the urban area. A major challenge being faced while analyzing Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) based remote sensing data is that there is a lot of similarity between highly vegetated urban areas and oriented urban targets with that of actual vegetation. This similarity between some urban areas and vegetation leads to misclassification of the urban area into forest cover. The present work is a precursor study for the dual-frequency L and S-band NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) mission and aims at minimizing the misclassification of such highly vegetated and oriented urban targets into vegetation class with the help of deep learning. In this study, three machine learning algorithms Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) have been implemented along with a deep learning model DeepLabv3+ for semantic segmentation of Polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) data. It is a general perception that a large dataset is required for the successful implementation of any deep learning model but in the field of SAR based remote sensing, a major issue is the unavailability of a large benchmark labeled dataset for the implementation of deep learning algorithms from scratch. In current work, it has been shown that a pre-trained deep learning model DeepLabv3+ outperforms the machine learning algorithms for land use and land cover (LULC) classification task even with a small dataset using transfer learning. The highest pixel accuracy of 87.78% and overall pixel accuracy of 85.65% have been achieved with DeepLabv3+ and Random Forest performs best among the machine learning algorithms with overall pixel accuracy of 77.91% while SVM and KNN trail with an overall accuracy of 77.01% and 76.47% respectively. The highest precision of 0.9228 is recorded for the urban class for semantic segmentation task with DeepLabv3+ while machine learning algorithms SVM and RF gave comparable results with a precision of 0.8977 and 0.8958 respectively.

scholarly journals Building The Tree Inventory Application for City of East Jakarta

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Sulistyantara ◽  
Imawan W. Hidayat ◽  
A. Nasirudin Taher ◽  
Hendrawan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Fundamental Function ◽  
Tree Inventory ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Trees are essential elements of an urban space. The presence of trees in urban areas is not only appreciated as physical attribute, but beyond this, it serves a fundamental function in balancing and conserving urban ecosystem. Especially in tropical countries like Indonesia which receive high levels of solar radiation, trees contribute to the protection of urban areas from the impact of excessive micro-climatic conditions. But, the presence of trees sometimes resulted in the accidents for the residences because of broken branches and human injuries. This situation leads the city to prepare a tree inventory system, which is beneficial in giving the information about tree conditions and thus the information that would be useful for tree maintenance activities. The tree inventory on application for the city of East Jakarta was built for this purpose, comprising a tree inventory and easy access to the database. The application connects the database source with the GIS map, so that the users could retrieve information for each kind of data.

scholarly journals Sustainable Site System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorden J. S. Lefler
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Site Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This thesis discusses a method of analysing the input of interventions in a building's site design, all of which affect the heat island effect, bio-diversity and hydrology of urban areas. Existing standards from Toronto, Vancouver and Berlin have been researched and analysed. This paper presents an evolution of a method called biotope area factor used in Berlin, Germany. A synthesis of the approach of all three systems was considered and distilled into the key points which were then incorporated into the proposed method. In addition to the impact of an individual building, it also includes the impact from the adjacent street area. The final components of this thesis are the application of the method developed to an urban area in the city of Toronto and results showing the impacts on architectural design from site rating systems.

scholarly journals URBAN STUDIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THEORIES OF VISUAL PRACTICES

2017 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
A. M. Tormakhova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Studies ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Monumental Architecture ◽  
The City

One of the leading trends in contemporary cultural studies is the appealto the field of visual. Thepurpose of the article is to investigate the range of problems associated withthe existence, functioning of various visual practices in the urban space and the disclosure of the specifics of communication carried out through their intermediation. In urban space, there are many forms, such as monumental architecture, urban sculpture, outdoor illumination, landscape art, street art, graffiti and others. These artifacts are the subject of cultural research within different disciplines - aesthetics, cultural studies, design, and art. It may be noted that in recentdecades, significant development gets such a direction as Urban Studies, in which the focus of research serves the city. The methodology of the study includes an appeal to an interdisciplinary approach that relies on the achievements of practical cultural studies, Urban studies,and aesthetics theory by Ukrainian and Western authors. Scientific novelty consists in analyzing the connection ofactual visual practices presented in the urban space and forming of Internet activity, which facilitates the mutual influence of these spheres one on another. The author noted that urban space is gradually becoming not only interactive, but also fully assuming the characteristics of WEB 2.0, which means active rethinking and transforming the environment, urban residents involvement in decision-making that becomes a norm of everyday life. City is a kind of text that reflects changing tastes, politicaland economic factors in visualform. Town and city public spaces play an important role in shaping the interaction within society. One of the pressing problems of practical cultural studies in general and urban areas in particular, should be integrated into organization of the urban environment and design the image of the city. The practical significance lies in the fact that the results of the research can beused in developing the urban sphere in particular and in actualizing the issue of organizing the urban environment and constructing the image of the city.

scholarly journals An automated classification system for urban areas matching the ‘city country fingers’ pattern: the cases of Kamakura (Japan) and Acireale (Italy) cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Spina ◽  
Emiliano Tramontana
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
City Development ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City

Abstract The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas is one of the main factors that reduce the liveability of cities. In recent years, to contrast urban sprawl, several nations have promoted policies aimed at developing urban green spaces. The importance of green oases within cities had already been highlighted, in 1977, by the architect Christopher Alexander who had developed a series of patterns including ‘City Country Fingers’ claiming that city development should consider the prolongation of country land in to the urban area. In several cities, especially in Japan, it is possible to recognize the imprint of urban development based on country fingers. This term refers to extensive urban intersections of agricultural land or wooded hills which, from the peripheral areas, penetrate the city. Inside them, there are urban windows, called city fingers, whose development direction is opposite to those of the country fingers. To recognize and analyze, in an automated way, these particular structures, a Python-based application was created. Starting from the original high-resolution image of Google Earth, a complete analysis was performed, labeling and delimiting urban and vegetational areas and extrapolating the main geometric parameters of the country and city fingers. The finalization of the results obtained was carried out through a classification model whose criteria were based on Alexander’s pattern. Thanks to this classification scheme, the distinction between Active Green Areas (country fingers) and Passive Green Areas (gardens and public parks) have been revealed for the analyzed cities. The tests performed showed almost ideal conditions for the city of Kamakura and a limited match for the urban area of Acireale. The proposed method is suitable for fields of application that require a qualitative and quantitative determination of the vegetation cover present within the city, an essential condition for correct territorial planning.

scholarly journals Identificação de Ilhas de Calor na Cidade de Campina Grande-PB Utilizando Sensoriamento Remoto (Identification of Heat Islands in Campina Grande City-PB Using Remote Sensing)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elânia Daniele Silva Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Heat Islands ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Spatial Changes ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
The City

A intensa urbanização causa diversos problemas de natureza ambiental, climática e social. O crescimento não planejado da população urbana e a remoção da vegetação são fatores que intensificam estes problemas. As temperaturas na cidade são significativamente mais quentes do que as suas zonas rurais circundantes devido às atividades humanas. As intensas mudanças espaciais em áreas urbanas, promovem significativo aumento na temperatura, causando o chamado efeito de Ilha de Calor Urbano (ICU). Campina Grande é uma cidade de tamanho médio que experimentou um crescimento desordenado, desde o tempo do comércio de algodão e, como qualquer cidade de grande ou médio porte, sofre alterações em seu espaço. Dessa forma, este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a variabilidade espaço-temporal da temperatura da superfície (Ts) e detectar ICU, através de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto. Para o efeito, foram utilizadas imagens dos satélites Landsat 5 e 8, dos anos de 1995, 2007 e 2014. Aumentos da Ts foram bem evidentes e foram detectadas duas ICU. Campina Grande mostra um padrão de tendência: o crescimento urbano não planejado é responsável por mudanças no ambiente físico e na forma e estrutura espacial da cidade, o que se reflete sobre o microclima e, em última análise, na qualidade de vida das pessoas.   ABSTRACT The intense urbanization causes several problems of environmental, climate and social nature. The unplanned growth of urban population and the vegetation removal are factors that deepen these problems. Temperatures in the city are significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities. Large spatial changes in urban areas promote significant increase in temperature, causing the so-called Urban Heat Island effect (UHI). Campina Grande is a medium-sized town that experienced an uncontrolled growth since the time of the cotton trade and like any large or medium-sized city, undergoes changes in its space. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze surface temperature spatial and temporal variability and to detect potential UHI, through remote sensing techniques. Spectral images from Landsat 5 and 8 satellites were used. Using images from years 1995, 2007 and 2014, considerable increases in temperature were identified and two UHI were recognize. Campina Grande shows a trend pattern: the urban unplanned growth is responsible for changes in the physical environment and in the form and spatial structure of the city, reflecting on people quality of life. Keywords: change detection, surface temperature, heat islands, urbanization.   

scholarly journals Understanding Urban Growth in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region over the Past 100 Years Using Old Maps and Landsat Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Li ◽  
Zhongqiu Sun ◽  
Yafei Wang ◽  
Yuxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Remote Sensing Images ◽  
The Past ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

Studying urban expansion from a longer-term perspective is of great significance to obtain an in-depth understanding of the process of urbanization. Remote sensing data are mostly selected to investigate the long-term expansion of cities. In this study, we selected the world-class urban agglomeration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) as the study area, and then discussed how to make full use of multi-source, multi-category, and multi-temporal spatial data (old maps and remote sensing images) to study long-term urbanization. Through this study, we addressed three questions: (1) How much has the urban area in BTH expanded in the past 100 years? (2) How did the urban area expand in the past century? (3) What factors or important historical events have changed the development of cities with different functions? By comprehensively using urban spatial data, such as old maps and remote sensing images, geo-referencing them, and extracting built-up area information, a long-term series of urban built-up areas in the BTH region can be obtained. Results show the following: (1) There was clear evidence of dramatic urban expansion in this area, and the total built-up area had increased by 55.585 times, from 126.181 km2 to 7013.832 km2. (2) Continuous outward expansion has always been the main trend, while the compactness of the built-up land within the city is constantly decreasing and the complexity of the city boundary is increasing. (3) Cities in BTH were mostly formed through the construction of city walls during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and the expansion process was mostly highly related to important political events, traffic development, and other factors. In summary, the BTH area, similarly to China and most regions of the world, has experienced rapid urbanization and the history of such ancient cities should be further preserved with the combined use of old maps.

scholarly journals Mapeamento dos Sistemas Ambientais do Município de Caucaia (CE) utilizando Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG): Subsídios para o Planejamento Territorial (Mapping of the Environmental Systems of the Municipality of Caucaia (CE) using Geographic...)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 025
Author(s):  
Cleyber Nascimento de Medeiros ◽  
Marcos José Nogueira De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Environmental Systems ◽  
De Se ◽  
High Population Growth ◽  
The City

Este trabalho objetivou analisar aspectos geoambientais de Caucaia, localizado no Estado do Ceará. O município vem apresentado nos últimos anos um elevado crescimento populacional, suscitando uma forte pressão sobre os recursos naturais, justificando assim a necessidade de se identificar as áreas mais e menos vulneráveis ambientalmente ao adensamento populacional, gerando com isto elementos para o planejamento territorial. Desse modo, procedeu-se a caracterização geoambiental criando os mapas de sistemas ambientais e de vulnerabilidade ambiental. Constatou-se que 21% do território têm alta vulnerabilidade à ocupação, sendo de 58% e 17%, respectivamente, os percentuais para os locais com média e baixa vulnerabilidade. Menciona-se que o planejamento territorial com base na compartimentação geoambiental surge como um importante delineador das condições organizacionais e da funcionalidade dos ambientes, tendo em vista que considera sempre suas características ambientais e sua dinâmica sócio-espacial de maneira integralizada.   A B S T R A C T   This study aimed to analyze geoenvironmental aspects of the city of Caucaia, located in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The municipality has presented in recent years a high population growth, raising a strong human pressure on natural resources, thus justifying the need to identify the most and least environmentally vulnerable areas to population density, generating elements for territorial planning. Thus, we proceeded to environmental characterization creating maps of environmental systems and environmental vulnerability Caucaia, scale 1:50,000, using, for both, the geosystemic theory and the use of remote sensing products, cartographic data and fieldwork. It was verified that 21% of the territory have high vulnerability to occupation, being 58% and 17%, respectively, the percentages for areas with medium and low vulnerability. It is mentioned that the territorial planning based on geoenvironmental compartmentation emerges as important eyeliner of the organizational conditions and functionality of environments, considering their environmental characteristics and socio-spatial dynamics in the integrated form. Keywords: Mapping of environmental systems, Territorial planning, Caucaia.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document