scholarly journals Co-infection of COVID-19 and recurrent malaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 625-629
Author(s):  
Angelita Pusparani ◽  
Joshua Henrina ◽  
Alius Cahyadi
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Productive Cough ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
Recurrent Malaria ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab

In tropical countries, endemic diseases such as malaria can be challenging to distinguish from COVID-19 because of the similarities in presenting symptoms. Here we reported a case of a young soldier with fever and myalgia six days before admission, with non-productive cough, chills, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, and headache for two days. Previously, he had experienced four times of malaria infection. He had a history of positive non-falciparum malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT) two days before admission. Significant findings were epigastric tenderness, splenomegaly, and severe thrombocytopenia of 36×103 cells / µL. A naso-oropharyngeal swab examination revealed a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consequently, he was hospitalized for 12 days, successfully treated, and discharged without sequelae. Thus, in light of a pandemic, physicians need to raise the suspicion of concurrent COVID-19 infection with other tropical diseases, especially at-risk patients, because malaria and COVID-19 may share similar manifestations. Moreover, further ancillary testing, such as RDT, may be warranted.

scholarly journals Empyema Secondary toActinomyces meyeriTreated Successfully with Ceftriaxone Followed by Doxycycline

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Etienne Paris ◽  
Tonio Piscopo ◽  
Karen Cassar
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Penicillin Allergy ◽  
Productive Cough ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Quadrant Pain ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
History Of

Actinomycosis is a relatively rare infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria. We present the case of a 54-year-old, previously healthy, male patient with a history of severe penicillin allergy who developed severe pneumonia and empyema caused byActinomyces meyeri. Presenting symptoms included productive cough, right upper quadrant pain, and chills and rigors. He required drainage of the empyema via tube and prolonged antibiotic treatment with intravenous ceftriaxone for 2 weeks followed by oral doxycycline for 6 months.

A Case Report on Glanzmann’s Thrombasthenia: A Rare Platelet Function Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 59-60
Author(s):  
Farida Yasmin ◽  
Md. Anwarul Karim ◽  
Chowdhury Yakub Jamal ◽  
Mamtaz Begum ◽  
Ferdousi Begum
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Glanzmann’S Thrombasthenia ◽  
Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia ◽  
Platelet Function Disorders ◽  
Recurrent Epistaxis ◽  
Severe Epistaxis ◽  
History Of

Epistaxis in children is one of the important presenting symptoms for attending emergency department in paediatric patients. Recurrent epistaxis is common in children. Although epistaxis in children usually occurred due to different benign conditions, it may be one of the important presenting symptoms of some inherited bleeding disorder. Whereas most bleeding disorders can be diagnosed through different standard hematologic assessments, diagnosing rare platelet function disorders may be challenging. In this article we describe one case report of platelet function disorders on Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia (GT). Our patient was a 10-year old girl who presented to us with history of recurrent severe epistaxis. She had a bruise on her abdomen and many scattered petechiae in different parts of the body. Her previous investigations revealed no demonstrable haemostatic anomalies. After performing platelet aggregation test, she was diagnosed as GT.

scholarly journals LINC-28. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND SURVIVAL OUTCOMES OF CHILDREN WITH MEDULLOBLASTOMA TREATED AT THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE (INCA) IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii383-iii384
Author(s):  
Gabriela Oigman ◽  
Diana Osorio ◽  
Joseph Stanek ◽  
Jonathan Finlay ◽  
Denizar Vianna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Standard Risk

Abstract BACKGROUND Medulloblastoma (MB), the most malignant brain tumor of childhood has survival outcomes exceeding 80% for standard risk and 60% for high risk patients in high-income countries (HIC). These results have not been replicated in low-to-middle income countries (LMIC), where 80% of children with cancer live. Brazil is an upper-middle income country according to World Bank, with features of LMIC and HIC. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of 126 children (0–18 years) diagnosed with MB from 1997 to 2016 at INCA. Data on patients, disease characteristics and treatment information were retrieved from the charts and summarized descriptively; overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier Method. RESULTS The male/female ratio was 1.42 and the median age at diagnosis was 7.9 years. Headache (79%) and nausea/vomiting (75%) were the most common presenting symptoms. The median time from onset of symptoms to surgery was 50 days. The OS for standard-risk patients was 69% and 53% for high-risk patients. Patients initiating radiation therapy within 42 days after surgery (70.6% versus 59.6% p=0.016) experienced better OS. Forty-five patients (35%) had metastatic disease at admission. Lower maternal education correlated with lower OS (71.3% versus 49% p=0.025). Patients who lived >40km from INCA fared better (OS= 68.2% versus 51.1% p=0.032). Almost 20% of families lived below the Brazilian minimum wage. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that socioeconomic factors, education, early diagnosis and continuous data collection, besides oncological treatment must be adressed to improve the survival of children with MB.

scholarly journals Stroke prediction in patients presenting with isolated dizziness in the emergency department

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
June-sung Kim ◽  
Hong Jun Bae ◽  
Muyeol Kim ◽  
Shin Ahn ◽  
Chang Hwan Sohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Cerebrovascular Injury ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Record Review

AbstractDiagnosing stroke in patients experiencing dizziness without neurological deficits is challenging for physicians. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of acute stroke in patients who presented with isolated dizziness without neurological deficits at the emergency department (ED), and determine the relevant stroke predictors in this population. This was an observational, retrospective record review of consecutive 2215 adult patients presenting with dizziness at the ED between August 2019 and February 2020. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for acute stroke. 1239 patients were enrolled and analyzed. Acute stroke was identified in 55 of 1239 patients (4.5%); most cases (96.3%) presented as ischemic stroke with frequent involvement (29.1%) of the cerebellum. In the multivariate analysis, the history of cerebrovascular injury (odds ratio [OR] 3.08 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.24 to 7.67]) and an age of > 65 years (OR 3.01 [95% CI 1.33 to 6.83]) were the independent risk factors for predicting acute stroke. The combination of these two risks showed a higher specificity (94.26%) than that of each factor alone. High-risk patients, such as those aged over 65 years or with a history of cerebrovascular injury, may require further neuroimaging workup in the ED to rule out stroke.

scholarly journals Posterior Fossa Arachnoid Cyst Masking a Delayed Diagnosis of Hyperparathyroidism in a Child

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
B. Dhamija ◽  
D. Kombogiorgas ◽  
I. Hussain ◽  
G. A. Solanki
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Arachnoid Cyst ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
History Of

Background. Primary hyperparathyroidism in childhood is a very rare entity, often being diagnosed late after the onset of its presenting symptoms. It most commonly affects patients in their fourth decade of life and beyond. The inclusion of primary hyperparathyroidism in the differential diagnosis is necessary when evaluating patients presenting with nonspecific symptoms such as polyuria, fatigue, weight loss, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.Methods. We report the case of an eleven-year-old girl presenting with three years history of headaches, visual disturbance, along with episodes of emotional lability. Neuroimaging confirmed a large posterior fossa arachnoid cyst. It was decided to manage this lesion conservatively with surveillance. Only after further hospital admissions with recurrent loss of consciousness, dizziness, and nausea to add to her already existing symptoms, a full biochemical and endocrine assessment was performed to look for more specific causes for her presentation. These pointed to a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism.Conclusions. The inclusion of primary hyperparathyroidism in the differential diagnosis should be considered when evaluating paediatric patients presenting with nonspecific (neurological, gastrointestinal, and renal) symptoms in order to establish a prompt diagnosis of the disorder and to avoid severe complications of prolonged hypercalcaemia and end-organ damage.

scholarly journals On the peculiar morphology of a trypanosome from a case of sleeping sickness and the possibility of its being a new species ( T. rhodesiense )

1910 ◽  
Vol 83 (561) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
North East ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

As already stated in a report to the Advisory Committee for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund, dated May 9, 1910, I noticed early in February, 1910, while examining in class work a stained specimen of rat’s blood infected with what was supposed to be T. gambiense , a marked peculiarity in the morphology. This peculiarity was so striking that I doubted whether the trypanosome with which I was dealing was really T. gambiense . On making enquiries I was told that the strain was derived from a case of Sleeping Sickness then in Prof. Ross’s clinic in the Royal Southern Hospital, Liverpool. To make certain that there was no error in this statement I myself infected a rat from the patient’s blood. The same forms were, however, again encountered. After convincing myself that these forms were constantly present in infected rats, and that they were not shown by the rats infected with the old laboratory strain of T. gambiense maintained at the Runcorn Laboratory, I decided through pressure of work to ask Dr. Fantham (now working in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, under funds allotted by the Advisory Committee for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund) to be so good as to assist me in the description of the morphology of this trypanosome. The following paper is the outcome of our joint work.—[J. W. W. Stephens.] History of the Strain . The trypanosomes used during this investigation were obtained from W. A., male, aged 26, a native of Northumberland, who was infected in North-East Rhodesia in September, 1909. It is necessary to set forth the itinerary of W. A. while in Africa, as he was never actually in an area infested with Glossina palpalis , so far as records are available, and indeed was never nearer (Kasama) than some 86 miles from such an area.

Idiopathic subglottic stenosis in a young female patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e241525
Author(s):  
Benjamin Pomerantz ◽  
Michael Pomerantz ◽  
Arkadiy Finn
Keyword(s):  
Balloon Dilatation ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Pulmonary Function Testing ◽  
Subglottic Stenosis ◽  
Productive Cough ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Function Testing

A previously healthy 30-year-old woman presented with 3 years of progressive shortness of breath and audible wheezing. One year prior to presentation, she developed a chronic non-productive cough. Pulmonary function testing revealed flattened inspiratory and expiratory peaks, characteristic of an extrathoracic fixed tracheal obstruction. Bronchoscopy confirmed subglottic stenosis (SGS). She had no history of intubation, tracheostomy or evidence of a systemic inflammatory illness. She was diagnosed with idiopathic SGS and referred for rigid bronchoscopy with balloon dilatation resulting in improvement in her symptoms.

scholarly journals High prevalence of undiagnosed COPD among patients evaluated for suspected myocardial ischaemia

Open Heart ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e000848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Jönsson ◽  
Artur Fedorowski ◽  
Gunnar Engström ◽  
Per Wollmer ◽  
Viktor Hamrefors
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Ischaemia ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Global Initiative

ObjectiveChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) are leading causes of global morbidity and mortality. Despite the well-known comorbidity between COPD and CAD, the presence of COPD may be overlooked in patients undergoing coronary evaluation. We aimed to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed COPD among outpatients evaluated due to suspected myocardial ischemia.MethodsAmong 500 outpatients who were referred to myocardial perfusion imaging due to suspected stable myocardial ischaemia, 433 patients performed spirometry. Of these, a total of 400 subjects (age 66 years; 45% women) had no previous COPD diagnosis and were included in the current study. We compared the prevalence of previously undiagnosed COPD according to spirometry criteria from The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) or lower limit of normal (LLN) and reversible myocardial ischaemia according to symptoms and clinical factors.ResultsA total of 134 (GOLD criteria; 33.5 %) or 46 patients (LLN criteria; 11.5%) had previously undiagnosed COPD, whereas 55 patients (13.8 %) had reversible myocardial ischaemia. The presenting symptoms (chest discomfort, dyspnoea) did not differ between COPD, myocardial ischaemia and normal findings. Except for smoking, no clinical factors were consistently associated with previously undiagnosed COPD.ConclusionsAmong middle-aged outpatients evaluated due to suspected myocardial ischaemia, previously undiagnosed COPD is at least as common as reversible myocardial ischaemia and the presenting symptoms do not differentiate between these entities. Patients going through a coronary ischaemia evaluation should be additionally tested for COPD, especially if there is a positive history of smoking.

Using Teachers as Change Agents in the Control of Tropical Diseases—An Extra-Curricular Approach

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen E. Ekeh ◽  
Joshua D. Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Professional Preparation ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
The Subject

For years the teaching of health education has always been a problem in the Nigerian schools either due to the absence of the subject on the curriculum or inadequate professional preparation of teachers to handle it. This study introduces an extracurricular approach using four endemic diseases as an example in the teaching of health education in five secondary schools. The findings revealed that: 1) teachers can be successfully used as informal agents in the school environment if exposed to appropriate health education techniques, and 2) endemic diseases can be controlled through the provision of learning experiences in the school environment where feasible.

scholarly journals Quinine-Induced Thrombotic Microangiopathy (Q-TMA): Frequency, Presenting Features, Outcomes

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 1381-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evaren E Page ◽  
Sara K. Vesely ◽  
James N. George
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
History Of

Abstract Q-TMA is an acute, severe, immune-mediated, drug-induced disorder. Q-TMA is suspected when symptoms suddenly begin within hours following quinine (Q) exposure. Diagnosis of Q-TMA is established by the history of recurrent acute symptoms following recurrent Q exposures and/or by documentation of Q-dependent antibodies reactive with platelets and/or neutrophils. The Oklahoma TTP-HUS Registry enrolls all patients for whom plasma exchange (PEX) is requested for suspected TTP or HUS. Since 1995, when routine measurement of ADAMTS13 activity began, the Registry has diagnosed 78 patients with acquired TTP (ADAMTS13 <10%). During this time we have also diagnosed 17 patients with Q-TMA; 2 additional patients were diagnosed before 1995. Seventeen of these 19 patients were tested for Q-dependent antibodies; all were positive. Nine patients had a history of recurrent acute symptoms with recurrent Q exposure, including the 2 patients not tested for Q-dependent antibodies. Q exposure was a pill in 18 patients, tonic water in one. Remarkably, 18 patients were women; all 19 patients were white. Common presenting symptoms were fever, chills, nausea and vomiting. No patients had focal neurologic abnormalities. All patients had microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA), thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. Eight patients had elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (231-1345 U/L). Three patients had neutropenia (absolute neutrophil counts, 184-486). Two patients had coagulation abnormalities suggesting disseminated coagulation (DIC). One patient died from complications of the central venous catheter insertion, performed for PEX and dialysis; all other patients recovered normal platelet counts. Three of the 18 surviving patients had end-stage renal disease (2 had kidney transplants). The median estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for the other 15 patients, at 2.7-19.2 years (median, 10.2) after recovery, was 36 ml/min (range, 19-98). Only two patients had normal GFR (≥90 ml/min). Eleven patients had chronic kidney disease, defined by GFR <60 ml/min. Seven of 18 patients have died 4.1-12.7 years (median, 7.8) following recovery at ages 59-87 years. Conclusion. Quinine can cause severe immune-mediated toxicities involving multiple organ systems (Am J Hematol 2016; 91: 461). Q-TMA is an acute disorder causing severe kidney injury and, in some patients, also liver toxicity, neutropenia, and/or DIC. Q-TMA is not rare. During 20 years, we enrolled 17 Q-TMA patients compared to 78 patients with acquired TTP. Chronic kidney disease is a common long-term outcome. Explicit questions are required to discover the association of systemic symptoms with quinine ingestion. Table Table. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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