scholarly journals Compelling palatability of flavoring Atractus AQVA® for Nile tilapia juveniles

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
Denis Rogério Sanches Alves ◽  
Suzana Raquel De Oliveira ◽  
Bruno Dos Santos Sosa ◽  
Wilson Rogério Boscolo ◽  
Altevir Signor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Fold Reduction

This study determined the compelling palatability of Atractus AQVA® flavoring for Nile tilapia juveniles (Oreochromis niloticus). Five isoproteic (40% crude protein) and isoenergetic (3,420 kcal kg-1) experimental diets were elaborated containing 0.25 (A25), 0.50 (A50) and 0.75% (A75) flavoring inclusion, a positive control diet with 10% fishmeal (FPE) and a negative control without fishmeal (SPE). Five juvenile individuals (2.58 ± 0.27 g) were distributed in five 10 L tanks and were fed four times a day with one of the diets, randomly raffled. The same number of pellets was offered, and the following behaviors were observed: time to capture the first pellet, number of pellet rejections, and number of approximations without capture and consumed pellets in each feeding event, using three-minute recordings with a digital camera. A significant effect (P < 0.05) was found regarding the number of approximations without capturing the pellet, as well as a higher palatability index for A75, followed by A50, A25, SPE and FPE. Therefore, it was concluded that A75 provided the highest compelling palatability of all diets by increasing the palatability index by 10.49% and displaying a 23.13% reduced rejection of pellets, besides presenting a 3.3 fold reduction in the number of approximations without capturing pellets with diet FPE.

scholarly journals Control of the lipid oxidation in Nile tilapia feed

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1675-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Luís Magnani Grassi ◽  
Marcelo Tacconi de Siqueira Marcos ◽  
Elisa Helena Giglio Ponsano
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Rubrivivax Gelatinosus ◽  
Experimental Treatments

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to investigate the progress of the rancidity in Nile tilapia diets containing bacterial biomass of Rubrivivax gelatinosus . Six experimental treatments comprised basal diet (negative control), diet with asthaxanthin (positive control) and 4 diets with different concentrations of the bacterial biomass. The thiobarbituric acid assay for rancidity analyses were accomplished after 6 and 12 months of diets storage. It was concluded that Rubrivivax gelatinosus biomass minimized the racidity in Nile tilapia diets in 32.52 to 44.72% at 6 months and in 37.85 to 52.37% at 12 months of storage.

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation with Escherichia coli phytase for broilers on performance, nutrient digestibility, minerals in the tibia and diet cost

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Gabriel Villela Dessimoni ◽  
Nilva Kazue Sakomura ◽  
Daniella Carolina Zanardo Donato ◽  
Fábio Goldflus ◽  
Nayara Tavares Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Diet Cost

Although phytase has been researched, new enzymes have been produced, leading to different animal responses. In this scenario, the present study proposes to evaluate the inclusion of a bacterial phytase produced by Escherichia coli in broiler diets based on corn and soybean meal, with or without nutrient reductions, on the performance, nutrient digestibility, phosphorus bioavailability, and bone minerals of those animals and on the economic viability of this practice. A total of 896 male broiler chickens were distributed into 32 experimental units, each housing 28 broilers. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized design with four treatments (Positive Control (PC)- diet meeting the nutritional requirements of the broiler chickens; Negative Control (NC) with reductions of 100kcal/kg of ME, 0.14% avP and 0.11% tCa; NC + phytase (500 FTU/kg); PC + phytase (500FTU/kg)) and 8 replicates. Phytase increased (p < 0.05) feed intake and body weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio in starter (1 to 21 days) and total (1 to 42 days) phases, respectively, compared with Negative Control diet without supplementation. The Negative Control + phytase diet also led to a feed intake similar to Positive Control in the starter and total phases. The inclusion of phytase without nutrient reductions improved (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio in the starter phase, compared to Positive Control diet. There was an increase (p < 0.05) in the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and phosphorus and in apparent digestible energy in the Negative Control + phytase diet compared to the Negative Control diet. Phytase supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the digestibility of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus, and apparent digestible energy compared to Positive Control diet. Ash, phosphorus, and calcium contents were higher in the Negative Control + phytase diet compared with those observed in the Negative Control diet without enzyme (p < 0.05). The Positive Control + phytase diet provided higher ash contents (p < 0.05), but calcium and phosphorus deposition was similar to those obtained with Positive Control diet. Phytase inclusion allows for a reduction in the diet cost per ton of produced feed. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with bacterial phytase produced from Escherichia coli for broiler chickens is recommended, as it provided increases in production performance, nutrient digestibility, and energy metabolizability and a reduction in the diet cost.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Interaction Between Phytase and Xilanase on Metabolizability of Energy-Reduced Broiler Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Natália Ramos Batista Chaves ◽  
Karina Marcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Maurício Silva Rosa ◽  
Henrique Barbosa de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Reduction ◽  
Available Phosphorus

To examine the association between phytase and xylanase in diets with nutritional adjustments on the metabolizability of feed by broiler diets, 250 chickens were used and distributed among five treatments and five replicates of 10 broilers each. The treatments were: positive control diet - without phytase or xylanase; negative control diet - with an energy reduction of 0.419 MJ/kg, without phytase or xylanase; and three diets containing xylanase and phytase and energy reductions of 0.209, 0.409 and 0.628 MJ/kg. For all energy-reduced diets, the nutritional matrix of phytase with phosphorus (0.15%), calcium (0.165%) and sodium (0.035%) was considered. The energy reduction of 0.628 MJ/kg with inclusion of the enzymes resulted in a higher metabolizability of the crude protein, also the apparent and apparent corrected metabolizable energy coefficients for nitrogen balance were higher in diets with a reduction energy of 0.209 MJ/kg, however had values similar to those obtained in the positive control diets and diets with energy reduction of 0.628 MJ/kg containing enzymes. The inclusion of phytase (500 FTU/kg) and xylanase (16,000 BXU/kg) in broiler diets, makes it possible to reduce metabolizable energy by up to 0.628 MJ/kg, available phosphorus, calcium, and sodium, and improve the metabolizability of the nutrients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the nutritional value of Leucaena leucophala leaf meal hydrolyzed by sheep rumen liquor enzyme extract on the growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Indira Fitriliyani
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Sheep Rumen ◽  
Feed Protein

<p>This experiment was conducted to evaluatee the nutritional value of <em>Leucaena leucocephala</em> leaf meal (LLM) with supplementation of sheep rumen liquor crude enzyme on the growth of Nile tilapia. Fish were fed isonitrogenous (± 32% crude protein and C/P ± 9.25 ccal/kg) diets for 50 days.  Six diets were  formulated to contain hydrolyzed LLM at level 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% (Diet A, B, C, D and E respectively) and one diet acting as a control (Diet K, 0% LLM). All diets were isonitrogenous and isoenergy.  A seven week feeding trial was carried out on triplicate groups of eight fish (9.38  ± 0.41) in 18 aquarium with a recirculating system.  Fish were fed twice daily at satiation.  Results of the present study indicated that the fish fed diet contained 0%, 10% and 15% of lamtoro leaf meal had significantly higher in specific growth rate (SGR) than other groups (<em>p</em><0.05).  The amount of feed consumed was no significant different in all groups and have tendency decreasing the amount of feed consumed with the increasing of <em>Leucaena</em> leaf meal hydrolyzed content in the feed. Feed efficiency in treatment 10% LLM has significantly difference with treatment 0, 20, 25, 30% LLM. (<em>p</em><0.05) and there was no significantly difference with treatment 15% LLM in feed.  Protein and fat retentions were not significantly (<em>p</em><0.05) effected by different LLM content in feed.</p> <p>Key words:  Nile tilapia, <em>Leucaena</em> leaf meal, growth, feed effiency</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK<br /> Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi nilai nutrisi tepung daun lamtoro gung <em>Leucaena leucephala</em> terhidrolisi dengan ekstrak enzim cairan rumen domba terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan ikan nila (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>).  Ikan diberi pakan isonitrogenus (kadar protein ± 32% , C/P ± 9,25 kkal/kg) selama 50 hari.  Enam jenis formulasi pakan dengan tepung daun lamtoro gung tanpa perlakuan dan dengan perlakuan enzim (inkubasi dengan ekstrak enzim dari cairan rumen) dengan kadar 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% dan 0% sebagai kontrol. Pakan uji kemudian diberikan satiasi kepada ikan nila yang dipelihara dalam akuarium dengan kepadatan 8 ekor/akuarium (3 ulangan per perlakuan) dengan bobot awal rata-rata 9,38 ± 0,41g.  Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa ikan yang diberi pakan dengan kadar tepung daun lamtoro gung sebanyak 0%, 10%, dan 15% secara siginifikan memiliki laju pertumbuhan spesifik lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan lain (<em>p<0,05</em>).  Jumlah pakan yang dikonsumsi tidak berbeda nyata untuk semua perlakuan dengan kecenderungan menurun seiring dengan peningkatan kadar daun lamtoro gung dalam pakan.  Efisiensi pakan perlakuan 10 % TDL berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan penggunaan 0, 20, 25 dan 30% TDL (<em>p<0,05</em>) dan tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata dengan perlakuan 15% TDL dalam pakan.  Retensi protein dan lemak  nyata (<em>p<0,05</em>)  dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan kandungan TDL dalam pakan.</p> <p>Kata kunci:  Ikan nila, tepung daun lamtoro, pertumbuhan, efisiensi pakan</p>

scholarly journals The use of lactic acid bacteria isolated from intestinal tract of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), as growth promoters in fish fed low protein diets

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-497
Author(s):  
Maurilio Lara-Flores ◽  
Miguel A. Olvera-Novoa
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus

In this study, the effect as growth promoter of five lactic acid strains (Enterococcus faecium, E. durans, Leuconostoc sp., Streptococcus sp. I and Streptococcus sp. II), isolated from intestinal tract of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), was evaluated. Eight isocaloric diets were formulated: one containing 40% of protein as positive control, and seven with 27% protein. Five diets with 27% protein were supplemented with one of the isolated lactic acid bacteria in a concentration of 2.5x106 cfu g-1 of diet. A commercial probiotic based on S. faecium and Lactobacillus acidophilus was added at the same concentration to one 27% protein diet as a comparative diet, and the last diet was not supplemented with bacteria (negative control). Tilapia fry (280 mg basal weight) stocked in 15 L aquaria at a density of two per liter were fed for 12 weeks with experimental diets. Results showed that fry fed with native bacteria supplemented diets presented significantly higher growth and feeding performance than those fed with control diet. Treatment with Streptococcus sp. I isolated from the intestine of Tilapia produced the best growth and feeding efficiency, suggesting that this bacteria is an appropriate native growth promoter.

scholarly journals PSVIII-4 Effect of coarse wheat bran and crude protein level in nursery diets without zinc oxide on pig performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
Kelsey L Batson ◽  
Hilda I Calderon Cartagena ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Robert D Goodband ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Two Phases

Abstract A total of 355 pigs (DNA 200x400; initially 5.6 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of coarse wheat bran and crude protein (CP) level in diets without pharmacological levels of zinc oxide on nursery pig performance and fecal dry matter (DM%). Pigs were allotted to 1 of 6 treatments in a completely randomized design with 5 pigs per pen and 12 pens per treatment. Treatment diets were fed in two phases (d 0 to 7 and 7 to 21) followed by a common diet fed d 21 to 45. Treatments included a positive control diet with ZnO, negative control without ZnO, and negative control with 4% wheat bran and formulated to contain 21, 19.5, 18, or 16.5% CP. All diets contained 1.35% SID lysine except the 18 and 16.5% (1.25 and 1.20% lysine) CP diets. Data were analyzed using the lmer function from the lme4 package in R. During the experimental period, decreasing CP decreased (linear, P&lt; 0.05) ADG, G:F, and d 21 BW, but increased (linear, P=0.005) fecal DM%. Pigs fed the diet containing ZnO had increased (P&lt; 0.050) ADG, ADFI, and G:F compared to the negative control and diet with 21% CP and wheat bran. From d 21 to 45, pigs previously fed the 21% CP diet with wheat bran had increased (P&lt; 0.05) ADG compared to the positive control. Fecal DM on d 45 and G:F increased (P&lt; 0.05) for pigs fed the 21% CP, wheat bran diet and negative control compared to those fed the positive control. Overall, pigs fed low CP diets had decreased (P&lt; 0.05) ADG while pigs fed the positive control had greater (P&lt; 0.05) ADG compared to the negative control. Additional research is needed to determine if modifying low CP, wheat bran diets will elicit benefits of increased fecal DM% while maintaining growth performance.

scholarly journals Growth Performance, Diarrhoea Incidence, and Nutrient Digestibility in Weaned Piglets Fed an Antibiotic-Free Diet with Dehydrated Porcine Plasma or Potato Protein Concentrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tércia Cesária Reis de Souza ◽  
Araceli Aguilera Barreyro ◽  
Sara Rubio Rubio ◽  
Yanier Machado González ◽  
Konisgmar Escobar García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Potato Protein ◽  
Pig Performance

AbstractTwo experiments were conducted to test if dehydrated porcine plasma (DPP) and potato protein concentrate (PPC) could be used as an alternative to antibiotics in starter diets for piglets. Experiment one was conducted to test if DPP and PPC in an antibiotic-free diet affected pig performance, and faecal consistency. Eighty-four piglets weaned at 22 days and weighing 6.9 kg were used. Piglets were fed for two weeks with one of four diets: a positive control diet with antibiotics (C+); and three other diets without antibiotics added with DPP, PPC, or DPP and PPC (DPP+PPC) to measure the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE), and incidence and severity of diarrhoea (ID and ISD respectively). In experiment two, twenty-four piglets weaned at 17 days and weighing 5.7 kg, were implanted at 21 days of age with a T-cannula at the terminal ileum to measure the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients. Piglets were fed one of four diets: a positive control diet with antibiotics (C+); a negative control diet without antibiotics (C–), and two diets without antibiotics added with DPP, or PPC. The results of experiment one showed that the DPP diet was the most consumed diet during the first week, and the ADG and FE were similar among treatments. During the second week and the total experimental period the ADFI, ADG, and FE were similar among diets. The ID was lower in the C+ diet than other diets. The ISD was lower in the C+ diet than DPP and DPP+PPC diets; piglets fed PPC diet were similar to piglets fed C+ and DPP and DPP+PPC diets. The results of digestibility showed that crude protein AID was higher in piglets fed C+ and PPC diets than C– and DPP diets. Dry matter ATTD and energy ATTD were higher for piglets fed PPC than other diets. Further, crude protein ATTD of DPP and PPC diets tended to have a similar digestibility to that of C+ diet. The results suggest that PPC is a potential controller of post-weaning diarrhoea.

scholarly journals Amino acid requirements of pigs. 2. Requirement for apparent digestible threonine of young pigs.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (3B) ◽  
pp. 597-607
Author(s):  
J.B. Schutte ◽  
M.W. Bosch ◽  
N.P. Lenis ◽  
J. de Jong ◽  
J.T.M. van Diepen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Pig Performance

In 6 trials with 460 pigs, initially about 19 kg the threonine requirement for growth between about 20 to 40 kg was investigated. To a negative control diet, containing crude protein 160 g and threonine 5.6 g/kg. L-threonine 0.0, 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 g/kg, was added and compared with a positive control diet with crude protein 185 g/kg and threonine 6.8 g/kg. The negative control diet was supplemented with lysine, methionine, tryptophan, isoleucine, histidine and valine so that no other amino acids than threonine were limiting. The positive control diet was supplemented with lysine and methionine. The experimental diets were fed ad libitum as pellets. In 2 separate trials, the apparent faecal and ileal digestibility of the amino acids of the 2 control diets was estimated. The requirement for total threonine was 7.1 g/kg for maximum weight gain, and 7.4 g/kg for maximum efficiency of feed utilization in a diet containing net energy 2290 kcal/kg. These results correspond with 6.2 and 6.5 g/kg faecal digestible and 5.7 and 6.0 g/kg ileal digestible threonine, respectively. Pig performance on the negative control diet supplemented with the first limiting amino acids, was similar to that of the positive control diet. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Amino acid requirements of pigs. 3. Requirement for apparent digestible threonine of pigs in different stages of growth.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (3B) ◽  
pp. 609-622
Author(s):  
N.P. Lenis ◽  
J.T.M. van Diepen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements ◽  
Limiting Amino Acids

Individual and group housed crossbred pigs 45 to 105 kg and 65 to 95 kg in experiments 1 and 2, respectively, were given basal diets with L-threonine 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 g/kg. Positive and negative control diets contained total threonine 5.7 and 4.5 g/kg, respectively. To prevent other amino acids being limiting, the negative control diet was supplemented with lysine, methionine, tryptophan, isoleucine, histidine and valine. The positive control diet was supplemented with lysine and methionine. The requirement for total threonine of growing-finishing pigs for maximum growth performance was about 5.6 g/kg in a diet containing net energy 9.4 MJ/kg. This figure corresponds with about 4.7 g/kg apparent faecal digestible threonine and 4.3 apparent ileal digestible threonine. There was no difference between the growing and the finishing pigs. The requirement for ileal digestible threonine, relative to ileal digestible lysine requirement, was about 64%. It is concluded that dietary protein can be reduced by 2 percentage units without any adverse effect on growth performance, if limiting amino acids are sufficiently supplemented. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Evaluation of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) as a substitute for soya bean meal in the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
S. O. Obasa ◽  
A. A. Dada ◽  
W. O. Alegbeleye
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) meal was substituted for soybean meal in the practical diets for Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Six iso-nitrogenous diets (35% crude protein) were formulated in which heat-treated soybean meal was replaced at varying levels (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%) with protein from pressure-cooked and sun dried pigeon meal (23% crude protein). Nile tilapia fed 60% pigeon pea meal had significantly (P<0.01) better growth response and nutrient utilisation. Growth was depressed in low pigeon pea fish and also in high (above 60%) pigeon pea diets. The poorest feed conversion ratio was observed from 100% pigeon pea fed fish.

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