scholarly journals Breast Evaluation Findings in Calabar, Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-654
Author(s):  
Anthonia Ikpeme ◽  
Akintunde Akintomide ◽  
Grace Inah ◽  
Afiong Oku
Keyword(s):  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Outer Quadrant ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Do So

BACKGROUND:  X-ray and sonomammography constitute a significant option in the early detection and management of breast diseases in the developed world. Unfortunately these modalities became available in Nigeria, only in the past few decades.AIM: The aim of this audit is therefore to document the imaging findings, in the past three years in a developing facility in Nigeria relating them with the demograghic features.METHODS: We prospectively studied the x-ray and sonomammography in all patients, presenting over a three year period, for breast evaluation with the hope of discerning the epidemiologic pattern of breast lesions in this environment.RESULTS: One hundred and forty-five females and four males. Median was 38 years (IQR=30-48). The commonest reason for evaluation was screening. Patients that were below 38 years showed no significant difference in frequency and type of lesion compared with patients over 38 years. The commonest breast pattern was fatty replaced. The upper outer quadrant was the commonest site.CONCLUSION: Patients presenting for breast evaluation in Calabar do so for screening mainly. Patients below 38 are nearly equally affected by malignant breast disease as their older counterparts. The commonest breast pattern was fatty replaced. Digital mammography should be available in all tertiary institutions.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Breast Diseases in Females- a 10 years study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Shakera Ahmed ◽  
Sami Ahmad ◽  
Nadim Ahmed ◽  
Nur Mohommad Sayed Bin Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Benign Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Benign Breast Diseases ◽  
Fibrocystic Change ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
The Common ◽  
Set Up

Objective: To determine the frequency of various breast diseases in female patients.Methodology: This is a prospective (historical)cohort study of female patients from 18 to 55 years of age visiting a female surgeon with breast problems. The study was conducted at Chittagong Metropoliton Hospital and CSCR Hospital in Chittagong over a period of 10 years starting from July 2007 to June 2017. All female patients visiting with breast problems were included in the study, excluding the patients of below 18 years and above 55 years. The findings were tabulated in excel sheet and analyzed for the frequency of each lesion.Results: A total of 3555 patients were included in the study. Benign breast disease (BBD) was much more common than the malignant breast disease which was 3.49% (124/3555) of all breast diseases. Fibroadenoma was the most common benign breast disease, seen in 32.26%(1147/3555) of patients followed by mastalgia, seen in 24.22%(861) patients. The next common breast disease is fibrocystic change in 18.80%(668/3555) patients.Conclusion: Breast diseases, both benign and malignant are the common problems of female. But benign breast diseases are much more common than the malignant diseases. Fibroadenoma is the commonest of all benign breast diseases in our set up. Mastalgia and fibrocystic changes are the next two common diseases.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2017, Vol.9(1); 10-12

scholarly journals Contour analysis of mammographic images in benign and malignant breast diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
D V Pasynkov ◽  
I V Klyushkin ◽  
O V Busygina
Keyword(s):  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Contour Analysis ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Mammographic Images ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Malignant Breast

Aim. Development and evaluation of the diagnostic value of techniques for quantitative analysis of masses on mammographic images satisfying the requirements of categories 2-4 in BIRADS (Breast Imaging Reporting And Data System - the system for classification and description of breast imaging results of the American College of Radiology).Methods. Images of 375 focal lesions revealed on mammography (211 malignant and 164 benign, all were verified morphologically), satisfying the criteria 2-4 according to BIRADS classification, were analyzed. Mathematical processing was performed using the MammCheck 1.15 software package developed by authors, which uploads the obtained images. Contour, segments of area, peripheral outlines, homogeneity and inner outlines indexes were calculated.Results.The statistical analysis of foci at standard mammography images of BIRADS 2-4 categories revealed no statistically significant difference in all four estimated parameters. When using tomosynthesis images, statistically significant difference was discovered in the outline index in the groups of benign and malignant foci (mean ± standard deviation: 1.73±1.11 vs. 3.11±2.02, respectively, pConclusion. Outline analysis of mammograms, including those obtained using tomosynthesis, does not provide the necessary level of specificity for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant microcalcifications and clusters.

Benign and Malignant Male Breast Diseases: Radiologic and Pathologic Correlation

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy P.W. Yen ◽  
Namita Sinha ◽  
Penny J. Barnes ◽  
Robinette Butt ◽  
Sian Iles
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Male Breast ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Pathological Characteristic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pathologic Correlation ◽  
Ductal Carcinomas ◽  
Histologic Subtypes ◽  
Breast Malignancies

Male breast disease comprises a wide spectrum of benign and malignant processes. We present the spectrum of diseases encountered at our institution over the past 7 years (2007-2013) and correlate their radiological and histopathological appearances. Gynaecomastia is the most frequently encountered disease due to its association with a variety of causes. Male breast malignancies, though rare, must be considered. The most frequently encountered pathological characteristic is invasive and the predominant histologic subtypes are infiltrating ductal carcinomas.

scholarly journals Study of various benign breast diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Selvakumaran ◽  
Mimamaychet B. Sangma
Keyword(s):  
Benign Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Benign Breast Diseases ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Breast Condition ◽  
Chronic Abscess ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Self Examination

Background:Benign breast disorders can be defined as any non-malignant breast condition and encompasses a wide range of clinical and pathological disorders. BBD are very common and 1/3rd of women are suffering from this disorder in one time of their life. The aim of this study is to look at the patterns of benign breast diseases, the mode of presentation, management and to identify risk factors.Methods: This descriptive study was done in 168 patients presented to the surgery OPD department with benign breast disorders. All the patients with breast related disease were included in this study. Both male and female patients were included in this study. Patients with obvious or biopsy proven malignant diseases were excluded in this study.Results:The study comprised of 168 patients with BBD; the commonest being Fibroadenoma which formed 55.9% followed by fibroadenosis 20.8%. The other benign lesions observed were cystosarcoma phylloids, acute abscess, chronic abscess, tuberculous mastitis, antibioma, cysts, galactocele, gynaecomastia, traumatic fat necrosis, duct papilloma and mastalgia.Conclusions:Benign breast disease is a neglected entity despite the fact that it constitutes the majority of breast complaints. Benign breast disease can no longer be ignored. Much more work needs to be done to collect data about the incidence and prevalence of benign breast diseases. Breast self-examination and education to the females is required for early diagnosis and prompt treatment as majority of anxiety and worry of having breast cancer can be alleviated.

scholarly journals Prevalence of nodular goiter in patients with breast diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Gurushantappa Yalagachin ◽  
◽  
Nishanth Lakshmikantha ◽  
Sanjay B. Mashal ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Disease ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Thyroid Diseases ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Benign Breast Diseases ◽  
Thyroid Screening ◽  
Diffuse Goiter ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Thyroid Profile

Introduction. Various studies have reported conflicting results regarding the relationship between breast and thyroid diseases. The exact pathogenesis behind this association is not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disease in patients presenting with breast diseases and to examine whether thyroid screening is required in patients with breast diseases. Methodology. All patients attending the department of General Surgery in our institution with breast diseases during the period from December 2015 to September 2017 were enrolled for the study. A thorough clinical examination which included an examination of the neck was done. Thyroid profile and ultrasonography neck were performed in all patients and the pathology in all radiologically diagnosed cases of nodular goiter was confirmed by cytology. Results. We had 128 patients with breast diseases enrolled in the study of which 62 (48%) patients had malignant breast disease and 66 (52%) patients had benign breast disease. None of the patients in our study had a palpable thyroid nodule or a diffuse goiter. Of the 61 patients having malignant breast diseases, 26 (42.6%) patients had a radiologically detected thyroid disease and among the 64 patients with benign breast diseases, 10 (15.6%) had radiologically detected thyroid diseases. Conclusions. In our study the prevalence of nodular goiter was higher in patients with malignant breast diseases than patients with benign breast diseases. However, this prevalence or clinical relevance is not significant enough to warrant screening for thyroid disease in patients with breast diseases.

In Vivo Measurements of Fibrin Formation and Fibrinolysis in Operable Breast Cancer

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (02) ◽  
pp. 318-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
P McCulloch ◽  
J Douglas ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
G Murray ◽  
W D George
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Fibrin Formation ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Malignant Breast

SummaryFibrin formation and fibrinolysis were estimated in 89 breast cancer patients by measurement in plasma of Fibrin Fragment Bβ 15-42 and Fibrinopeptide A (FPA), serum Fibrin(ogen) Degradation Products (FDPs) and plasminogen activator by Fibrin Plate Lysis Assay. Results were compared with (a) 26 patients with benign breast diseases; and (b) 45 healthy factory workers. FPA, FDP and Bβ 15-42 Levels were elevated in both breast cancer patients and benign disease patients, but there were no significant differences between these two groups. Cancer stage, patient age and smoking habits did not affect these results, but Oestrogen Receptor (ER) positive patients had higher Bβ 15-42 values than ER negative patients (p = 0.017). These results show that fibrin formation is enhanced preoperatively in patients with either benign or malignant breast disease. The fibrinolytic response to activated coagulation may be relatively deficient in breast cancer. The roles of malignancy, stress and other factors in the causation of these abnormalities require further assessment.

scholarly journals Patterns and prevalence of benign breast disease in Western India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanpurwala Shaheen Hatim ◽  
Narayankar Shilpa Laxmikant ◽  
Tosif Mulla
Keyword(s):  
Benign Breast Disease ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Western India ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Outer Quadrant ◽  
Benign Breast Diseases ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Benign Breast Lesions

Background: Benign breast diseases constitute a heterogeneous group of disorders including developmental abnormality, epithelial and stromal proliferation, inflammatory lesions and neoplasm. Benign breast lesions deserve attention because of their high prevalence, their impact on women’s life and due to cancerous potential of some histological types. Treatment of BBDS is preservation of breast tissue as far as possible in contrast to traumatizing mutilating surgeries in breast cancers.Methods: This study of 210 cases of histologically diagnosed benign breast lesions was carried out in the Department of Pathology, at tertiary care teaching hospital with attached peripheral hospitals in a metropolitan city of western India from August 2014 to August 2016.Results: Out of 210 benign lesions, 201 (95.7%) were found in females and 9 (4.3%) were found in males. Commonest benign breast lesion was fibroadenoma (77.62%), followed by fibrocystic disease (4.3%) and gynaecomastia (4.3%).Conclusions: Fibroadenoma is the most common benign breast disease. Most of the patients presented with painless lump in the breast in upper outer quadrant of the breast. Histopathology plays an important role in the diagnosis of benign breast diseases.

scholarly journals Patterns of Breast Diseases Among Women Attending Breast Diseases Diagnosing Center in Erbil City/Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Zena Habeeb Yousif ◽  
Selwa Elias Yacoub
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Breast

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Breast diseases in women, whether benign or malignant, are very commonly encountered. The pattern of breast diseases varies within countries. The aim of this study was to identify the patterns of breast diseases and their association with different variables in women attending breast diseases diagnosing center in Erbil city/Iraq.MATERIAL & METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted at breast diseases diagnosing center in Erbil city from 1st of April till 1st of December /2017. A random sample of 500 women of all age groups and with complete records was recruited. The women were classified according to their final diagnosis into 3 categories: normal, benign and malignant breast disease. The level of significance was <0.05.RESULTS: Benign breast diseases diagnosed among (63%) women while malignant breast diseases comprised (13.2%).The most common presentation was mastalgia and mass (39.2%), mastalgia (37.6%), and mass alone (23.2%). Fibro-adenoma (26.2%) was the commonest benign condition with highest incidence (76.9%) in age group less than 20 years. Malignant breast diseases were increasing with age. Benign breast disease associated (p <0.001) with Nulliparity. Breast cancer reported (p <0.001) more among lactating women.CONCLUSIONS: Benign conditions are the most common diagnosis affecting mainly younger women. Breast cancer though diagnosed less frequently and affecting older age groups, yet its seriousness mandating a thorough assessment of women of different presentations especially that of mass alone or with mastalgia.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

RNA polymerase: Preparation and structural analysis of helical polymers

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 152-153
Author(s):  
E. Loren Buhle ◽  
Pamela Rew ◽  
Ueli Aebi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Helical Polymers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ordered Arrays ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

While DNA-dependent RNA polymerase represents one of the key enzymes involved in transcription and ultimately in gene expression in procaryotic and eucaryotic cells, little progress has been made towards elucidation of its 3-D structure at the molecular level over the past few years. This is mainly because to date no 3-D crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis have been obtained with this rather large (MW ~500 kd) multi-subunit (α2ββ'ζ). As an alternative, we have been trying to form ordered arrays of RNA polymerase from E. coli suitable for structural analysis in the electron microscope combined with image processing. Here we report about helical polymers induced from holoenzyme (α2ββ'ζ) at low ionic strength with 5-7 mM MnCl2 (see Fig. 1a). The presence of the ζ-subunit (MW 86 kd) is required to form these polymers, since the core enzyme (α2ββ') does fail to assemble into such structures under these conditions.

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