scholarly journals Mortality Rate Due to Circulatory and Alcohol-Dependent Diseases in Different Climatic Zones of Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1867-1872
Author(s):  
Tatiana P. Yakovleva ◽  
Natalia I. Nikitina ◽  
Zhanna R. Gardanova ◽  
Natalia S. Mikhailova ◽  
Albina V. Gaponenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

AIM: Evaluation of the impact of climatic factors on the formation of mortality due to circulatory diseases and a group of diseases related to alcohol consumption identified as alcohol-dependent. METHODS: The study subject was the adult population residing in different climatic zones of Russia: in the second, third and fourth zones, with different conditions: average annual temperature (5.2°C; 1-2°C; -2.0°C), snow cover duration (≤ 150 days, ≤ 180 days, ≈ 220 days) sunshine duration and the presence of polar night and polar day in the territory of the fourth climatic zone. The assessment “impact-case of death” was carried out by calculating the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for circulatory system diseases (CSD) and alcohol-dependent diseases (ADD) in accordance with the international classification of diseases (ICD-X). RESULTS: The SIR of death from alcohol-dependent diseases for the female population in the 4th climatic zone (Murmansk Region) was the highest: the SIR of death from ADD 1.87; 95% CI (1.5-2.7), the SIR of death from CSD 1.3; 95% CI (1.2-2.3). For the female population in the 3rd climatic zone (Novosibirsk Region), the SIR of death has amounted to: SIRADD 1.52; 95% CI (1.2-1.87), SIRCSD 1.14; 95 CI (1.01-1.3). Living in the 3rd climatic zone was not so important for the health of the male population: the SIR of death from CSD 1.1; 95% CI (1.05-1.13); the SIR of death from ADD 0.8; 95% CI (0.65-0.98). However, living in the 4th climatic zone (Murmansk Region) poses a higher risk of death for the male population: SIRCSD 1.22 (22.0%); 95% CI (1.02-3.95); SIRADD 1.45 (45.0%); 95% CI (0.98-2.1). CONCLUSION: Living in high northern latitudes contributes to higher levels of mortality, both female and male, from circulatory and alcohol-dependent diseases.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GLYCAEMIC CONTROL ON PITUITARY GONADOTROPHINS OF TYPE 2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS IN ENUGU, NIGERIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
Maduka Ignatius C ◽  
Nnamdi Ngozika A
Keyword(s):  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Good Glycaemic Control ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
Control Evaluation ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Impact

Glycation is considered to be the main molecular basis of several diabetic complications. Association between chronic hyperglycaemia and the development of long-term diabetic-specific complications have been reported but are yet to be completely understood. In this study, the effect of glycaemic control on pituitary gonadotrophins (FSH and LH) was evaluated in male and female diabetics in Enugu, Nigeria. Two hundred and twenty four (240) diabetic patients (92 males and 148 females) within the age range of 31 – 73 years, who were receiving treatment, were randomly recruited for the study. One hundred and thirty four (134) age- and sex-matched apparently healthy volunteers (44 males and 90 females) were recruited as the control subjects. The study subjects were grouped into three categories: Male population (40-72 years), Group A Female population (<50 years) and Group B Female population (≥50 years). The impact of glycaemic control on various parameters was evaluated by classifying the diabetic patients into 3 subgroups on the basis of their HbA1c levels:  Good (HbA1c < 7%), Fair (HbA1c 7 to 8%) and (Poor HbA1c > 8 %) glycaemic status. Fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, FSH and LH were determined for all the subjects. The results obtained revealed that the male diabetics had significantly lower (p<0.05) FSH levels when compared with the control subjects. In the two groups of female diabetic subjects, the FSH levels were significantly lower (p<0.05) when compared with their respective control subjects. The glycaemic control evaluation and correlation of HbA1c with the gonadotrophins in the male diabetic population show no statistically significant results. However, in the female diabetic population, subjects with poor glycaemic status show significantly increased (p<0.001) LH levels compared to those with good glycaemic control. In addition, in group B female diabetic population, HbA1c gave significant positive correlation with both FSH (r=0.261, p=0.014) and LH (r = 0.338, p<0.001). This suggests that there is a direct relationship between HbA1c and the gonadotrophic hormones. As glycaemic control is compromised, these hormones tend to increase. This study generally reveals increasing trend in the levels of the gonadotrophins across the different glycaemic status. It can be concluded that good glycaemic control of diabetes can exert better influences on pituitary gonadotrophins.

The Impact of Sex and Gender on Heart-Brain Axis Dysfunction: Current Concepts and Novel Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlotta Baroni ◽  
Vincenzo Lionetti
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

The Heart-Brain Axis (HBA) recapitulates all the circuits that regulate bidirectional flow of communication between heart and brain. Several mechanisms may underlie the interdependent relationship involving heterogeneous tissues at rest and during specific target organ injury, such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmia, stroke, mood disorders or dementia. In-depth translational studies of the HBA dysfunction under single-organ injury should include both male and female animals to develop sex/gender-oriented prevention, diagnosis and treatment strategies. Indeed, sex and gender are determining factors since females and males exhibit significant differences in terms of susceptibility to risk factors, age of onset, severity of symptoms and outcome. Despite most studies have focused on the male population, we have conducted a careful appraisal of the literature investigating HBA in females. In particular, we have i) analysed sex-related heart and brain illnesses, ii) recapitulated the most significant studies simultaneously conducted on cardio- and cerebrovascular systems in female population, iii) hypothesised future perspectives for the development of gender-based approach to HBA dysfunction. Although sex/gender-oriented research is at its infancy, the impact of sex on HBA dysfunction is opening unexpected new avenues for managing health of female subjects exposed to risk of lifestyle multi-organ disease.

Mortality of Russian cosmonauts, 1960–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 730-733
Author(s):  
K. V. Betts ◽  
I. V. Fateev
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratio ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Introduction. From 1960 to 2018, 282 people were enrolled in cosmonaut groups in the USSR and Russia. Extreme special training and working conditions could lead to health disorders, which may be reflected in the causes and rates of mortality in the future. The goal of this work is to study the causes and rates of mortality in two cohorts of cosmonauts: those with and without spaceflight experience. The study aim is to research the causes and mortality rates of astronauts who have made and did not fly into space. Methods. A cohort study of mortality of 263 male cosmonauts was conducted, 118 cosmonauts with spaceflight experience formed cohort 1, 145 cosmonauts without it - cohort 2. The follow-up period was 59 yrs. (01.01.1960-31.12.2018) with 8351,4 person-years obtained. The reference group for both cohorts was the male population of Russia, cohort 2 was also the reference group for the cohort 1. Mortality risk was assessed using standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results. Death risk from all causes (A00-Y98) for each cohort was significantly lower than that for the male population (SMR=0,39, 95% CI 0,28-0,54 for cohort 1; SMR=0,53, 95% CI 0,41-0,69 for cohort 2). Moreover, the risk of death for cosmonauts with spaceflight experience is also lower than for cosmonauts without it (SMR=0,66, 95% CI 0,46-0,91). The most common causes of death in both cohorts were circulatory system diseases, and cosmonauts without spaceflight experience died at a younger age. Conclusion. Further research is required to understand the true influence of extreme working conditions on cosmonauts’ health, especially in the long-term period.

scholarly journals Pure Red Cell Aplasia Secondary to Parvovirus B19 Infection in HIV Positive Patients. Clinical and Seroepidemiological Description and Observations in A Third Hospital Level In Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parvovirus B19 ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Red Cell Aplasia ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Describe the clinical and seroepidemiological characteristics and the impact on morbidity and mortality and health costs of patients infected with HIV and red cell aplasia and positive serology for Parvovirus B 19. Methodology: Descriptive and retrospective study, of the clinical and seroepidemiological characteristics of cases of aplasia of the red series without affecting hematimetric indices in HIV positive patients with positive serology to Parvovirus B19, were descripted in an hospitalization service in the period from April 2016 to April 2017. Serum samples from the 16 patients enrolled for the study were analyzed by IgG and IgM type antibodies using the enzyme immunoassay technique. Other causes of anemia, such as: iron-deficiency anemia, invasive fungal infection were ruled out. Results: A total of 16 cases were documented, 11 men (69%) and 5 women (31%) with an average age of 40.7 and 44.4 years respectively, 5 of the 16 patients (31.25%) had positive IgM levels (distributed among 3 men and 2 women) without IgG activity documented in the same sample and 4 of these 5 patients were without treatment for their HIV (80%), none of the patients received regular treatment for HIV. The average in grams per deciliter of hemoglobin and hematocrit at the time of sampling was 8.92 g / dl and 28.6 g / dl respectively, the average of CD4 cell count was 115 for the male population and 187.2 for the female population, the average viral load was 515,483 and 369,390 copies / ml for men and women respectively. No patient received adjuvant treatment directed at the pure red anemia demonstrated. Conclusion: Persistent parvovirus B19 infections in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected patients have been reported. The two viruses could share common target cells. The co-infection by Parvovirus B19 is associated with longer days of hospital stay, costs and complications such as nosocomial infections and need of poly transfusions.

The impact of religiosity on self-employment

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Fatwa Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to examine the relationship between religiosity based on the area with the number of self-employment in an area, i.e. city of Surakarta, Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach The researcher conducted a survey in 67 mosques in Surakarta, Indonesia, to capture religiosity level based on the area. Spearman correlation approach has been selected to investigate the relationship between religiosity and self-employment. Findings This study found that despite the female population being greater than male population in every district in Surakarta, on average, the number of female prayers were significantly less than male prayers either in Fajr or Maghrib prayer. In fact, the average number of Fajr prayers almost 50 per cent less than the average number of Maghrib prayers. Finally, the researcher found that the number of employees who work in the home industry is higher in the area that has a smaller gap on the number of Fajr and Maghrib prayers. Thus, the researcher might conclude that religiosity is positively associated with self-employment. Originality/value To best of researcher’s knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the relationship between religiosity level based on the area and self-employment. In addition, this study proposes a new methodology to measure Muslim’s religiosity. All in all, this study tries to untangle the conflicting evidence on the impact of religiosity on the self-employment.

scholarly journals Kemampuan Beberapa Spesies Jamur Tanah dalam Mengendalikan Globodera rostochiensis (Woll.) pada Tanaman Kentang

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Agusthin Marthin Kalay ◽  
Sadeli Natasasmita ◽  
Tarkus Suganda ◽  
Tualar Simarmata
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Globodera Rostochiensis ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Population Reduction ◽  
Potato Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Potatos cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis Woll.) in Indonesia has been find for the first time in Malang EastJava. This nematode suppress potato growth and caused yield looses up to 70.63%. Examination the ability of soilfungus Fusarium oxysporum TR1, F. solani TR2, F. oxysporum KT1, F. chlamydosporum KT2, F. oxysporum SM1,Paecilomyces lilacinus SM3, and F. chlamydosporum SM4 dalam pengendalian G. rostochiensis againsit G.rostochiensis on susceptible potato has been carried in out the green house, using Randomized Block Design withfour replication. Results showed that all of the seven fungi had the capacity to parasite G. rostochiensis. Inoculationof P. lilacinus SM3, F. chlamydosporum SM4, F. oxysporum KT1, and F. oxysporum SM1 decreased female populationto 58.56%, 59.09%, 60.76%, and 61.01% respectively compared to that without inoculation. While the other fungionly decrease female population up to 50%. The impact of male population reduction was the enhancement oftuber weight of potato. Adult male nematode was not found in this experiment.

Abstract 12714: Early Repolarization With J-Point Elevation Predicts Mortality in the Hispanic Female Population

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Shulman ◽  
Philip Aagaard ◽  
Faraj Kargoli ◽  
Steve Lener ◽  
John Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Early Repolarization ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Social Security Death Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overall Mortality

Introduction: Early repolarization (ER) is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). However, the impact of ER may not be uniform across race and gender. An analysis from the Biracial Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study showed that ER was associated with SCD risk in Caucasians and highest in female Caucasians, while a study from Northern California found no association between cardiovascular mortality and ER in African Americans. Although Hispanics are the second largest segment of the population, little is known about the prevalence or prognostic implications of ER in this group. We investigated possible associations between automated ECG ER readings, defined as J-point elevation with ST segment elevation and overall mortality. Methods: ECG and EMR databases from a regional medical center from a largely Hispanic population were interrogated. Inclusion criteria included Hispanic ethnicity, age over 18 from 2000-2011. Outcomes were assessed using a Cox Proportional Hazards model with data from the Social Security Death Index. Results: There were n=34,354 Hispanics of which n=544 (1.6%) had ER. When controlling for age, gender, height/weight, systolic/diastolic BP, PR, QRS, QTc, heart rate, ejection fraction, CAD, CHF, myocardial infarction, DM, and malignancy there was no significant difference in mortality between overall subjects with and without ER (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.89-1.50, p=0.294). However, significant interactions were present between gender and ER. In a multivariate regression model, ER was significantly predictive of overall mortality in females (HR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.24-2.90, p=0.003), but not in males (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.63-1.23, p=0.456) (Figure 1). Conclusions: ER is not associated with an increased risk of death in the overall Hispanic population; however, there is a higher risk of overall mortality in female population. ER may be more complex than initially suspected, which emphasizes a need for additional research.

scholarly journals Impact of Loneliness and Locus of Control on Depression of Elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Fatima Khurram Bukhari ◽  
Yahaya Bin Mahamood ◽  
Zarina Binti Mat Saad
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Population ◽  
The Impact

The present study will explore the impact of loneliness and locus of control on depression of elderly with the moderating role of religiosity in Punjab, Pakistan. The sample will be consisted on 800 individuals, 400 individuals from male population and 400 from female population of Punjab. The male population will be further divided on the basis of age, family size, marital status, education and socioeconomic status. Similarly female population will also be further divided on the basis of age, family size, marital status, education and socioeconomic status. Geriatric depression scale will be used to measure the level of depression in Elderly, University of California Los Angles loneliness scale will be used to measure loneliness. Levenson multidimensional Locus of control scale will be used to check the level of locus of control, Religiosity will act as a moderator and will be checked by using religiosity scale. Result of the study will be revealed by using Structural equation modeling technique with the help of Partial Least Square software.

scholarly journals Impact of Building Location on its Energy Demand

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032109
Author(s):  
Iwona Pokorska-Silva ◽  
Artur Nowoświat ◽  
Weronika Gać
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Family Building ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper presents the analyses involving energy demand of a single-family building located in various climatic zones. When designing buildings, special attention is paid to material and technological solutions, but often the climatic zone in which the building is to be located is not taken into account. Therefore, the article considers the location of building in five climatic zones in Poland and it investigates the impact of the location on its energy demand. It turned out that the location of the building in zone V, i.e. in the north-east of the country, determines the highest energy demand for heating compared to the rest of the country. The work demonstrates the impact of a climatic zone in which the building is located on its energy demand.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Environmental Sanitation in Peunaga Baro Preparation Village, Meureubo, District of West Aceh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Zakiyuddin Zakiyuddin ◽  
Fitriani Fitriani ◽  
Yarmaliza Yarmaliza ◽  
Teungku Nih Farisni ◽  
Fitrah Reynaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
P Value ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Environmental Sanitation ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
Paratyphoid Fever ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Public Toilets

Environmental sanitation prioritizes prevention of environmental factors in such a way that disease emerges can be avoided. The sanitation business can also mean an effort to reduce the number of germs found in the environment so that the health status of humans is maintained perfectly. The impact of poor environmental sanitation is that it can cause the transmission of several infectious diseases, namely diarrhea, cholera, typhoid fever, and paratyphoid fever, dysentery, hookworm disease, ascariasis, hepatitis A and E, skin diseases, trachoma, schistosomiasis, cryptosporidiosis, malnutrition, and diseases associated with malnutrition. The number of people in Peunaga Baro Village in 2018 was 3,799 people, the male population was 1,984 and the female population was 1,815 with 1,102 families. The number of houses is 960 houses where the houses that meet the health requirements are 76 houses and the remaining 884 houses do not meet the health requirements. The cleanliness facilities in this village are public toilets, 3 units of drilling wells, and 4 units of landfills. Objective: to determine the factors related to environmental sanitation in the Peunaga Baro preparation village (Tzuchi Budha housing complex), Meureubo district, West Aceh district. The research method is an analytical survey with a cross sectional approach. The study was conducted from 27 November to 13 December 2019, with a population of 1,102 households and a sample of 92 households. Result: there is an action relationship P value = 0.000 and PR = 2.870, there is no relationship between income P value = 0.131 and PR = 1.838, there is a relationship between the availability of facilities P value = 0.001 and PR = 1.943 and the environment P value = 0.000 and PR = 4.139 environment sanitation. Conclusion: there is an action relationship, there is no income relationship, there is a relationship between availability and the environment with environmental sanitation. Suggestion: to the West Aceh Sanitation Office to provide a garbage dump in the Peunaga Baro Preparation Village, Meureubo District, West Aceh Regency so that and carry out regular waste transportation so that people do not litter.

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