Expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Cytokeratin 18 and 19 in Placentas of Women with Severe Preeclampsia

BACKGROUND: Although the exact mechanism leading to preeclampsia is not fully understood, abnormal trophoblast invasion contributes to its pathogenesis. Keratins and cadherin are known to play roles in the regulation of trophoblast proliferation. However, studies describing the association between keratins, cadherin, and preeclampsia are limited. AIM: The current study was conducted to investigate the association of these proteins with severe preeclampsia in Sudanese women. METHODS: A case–control study was conducted at Madani Maternity Hospital, Sudan. The cases included women with severe preeclampsia (n = 56) and healthy pregnant women as controls (n = 56). The assessment of keratin and cadherin was performed using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in their mean age or parity. We found no significant differences in the expression of the markers E-cadherin, N-cadherin, or cytokeratin 18 and 19 in the placentas from individuals with preeclampsia versus controls. The number of placentas with severe preeclampsia versus controls expressing the E-cadherin, N-cadherin, cytokeratin 18, and cytokeratin 19 markers was 46 (82.1%) versus 46 (82.1%) (p = 0.988), 54 (96.4%) versus 48 (85.7%) (p = 0.121), 4 (7.1%) versus 0 (0%) (p = 0.126), and 11 (19.6%) versus 11 (19.6%) (p = 0.532), respectively. There was also no significant difference in the intensity of staining of these four markers (Ecadherin, N-cadherin, and cytokeratin 18 and 19) between severe preeclampsia and control placentas. CONCLUSION: Together, these results indicate that in this setting, the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, CK18, and CK19 is not associated with severe preeclampsia.

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Hair nicotine concentration of cats with gastrointestinal lymphoma and unaffected control cases

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.105564 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 186 (13) ◽

pp. 414-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Victoria Smith ◽

Clare Knottenbelt ◽

David Watson ◽

Dominic J Mellor ◽

Alexandra Guillen Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Gastrointestinal Lymphoma ◽

Control Groups ◽

Nicotine Concentration ◽

Hair Samples ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Unaffected Control ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

BackgroundA previous study showed an association between owner-reported exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and lymphoma in cats. This study aimed to investigate the association between ETS exposure and gastrointestinal lymphoma in cats, using hair nicotine concentration (HNC) as a biomarker.MethodsThis was a prospective, multi-centre, case–control study. Gastrointestinal lymphoma was diagnosed on cytology or histopathology. Hair samples were obtained from 35 cats with gastrointestinal lymphoma and 32 controls. Nicotine was extracted from hair by sonification in methanol followed by hydrophilic interaction chromatography with mass spectrometry. Non-parametric tests were used.ResultsThe median HNC of the gastrointestinal lymphoma and control groups was not significantly different (0.030 ng/mg and 0.029 ng/mg, respectively, p=0.46). When the HNC of all 67 cats was rank ordered and divided into quartiles, there was no significant difference in the proportion of lymphoma cases or controls within these groups (p=0.63). The percentage of cats with an HNC≥0.1 ng/mg was higher for the lymphoma group (22.9%) than the control group (15.6%) but failed to reach significance (p=0.45).ConclusionA significant association was not identified between HNC (a biomarker for ETS) and gastrointestinal lymphoma in cats; however, an association may exist and further studies are therefore required.

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Assesment of Endometrial Vascularization with Immunohistochemical CD34 Assay in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Case Control Study

Gynecology Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine ◽

10.21613/gorm.2016.664 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Emine Aydın ◽

Taner Usta

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Transmembrane Protein ◽

Vessel Diameter ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Objectives: We compared the endometrial vascularization in hysteroscopic endometrial samplings between recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and control group.Study Design: We prospectively evaluated hysteroscopic endometrial samplings from RPL and control groups. CD34 transmembrane protein was used for evaluating endometrial vascularization. The vascularization was assessed based on thickness of vessels, diameter of the largest vessel, and number of vessels per mm2 in CD34-stained slides.Results: There was no significant difference in demographic findings and vascularization, such as largest vessel diameter (p: 0.572), and number of vessels per mm2 (p: 0.982) between the two groups.Conclusion: The cycling endometrium is a highly angiogenic tissue and may play a role in the etiology of RPL. However, we find a weak relationship between endometrial vascularization and RPL.

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Prostate-specific antigen and (free prostate-specific antigen/ prostate-specific antigen) ratio in patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Prostate Cancer

Baghdad Journal of Biochemistry and Applied Biological Sciences ◽

10.47419/bjbabs.v1i01.28 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

pp. 17-25

Author(s):

Amal A. Hussein ◽

Rayah S. Baban ◽

Alaa G. Hussein

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Control Group ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in menworldwide. Many markers are suggested as markers of prostate cancer with differentspecificity and sensitivity.Objective : The present study’s main aim is to examine the possible utility ofprostate-specific antigen indices as markers of prostate cancer.Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the Department of Chemistry andBiochemistry, College of Medicine, Al- Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq from July2018 till March 2019, includes 84 subjects divided into three groups:Twenty Four patients with prostate cancer (PCA), thirty patients with benignprostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and thirty healthy subjects as a control group wereexamined in this study.Thirty healthy volunteer subjects were asked to be involved in this study as a controlgroup. Blood samples from these patients were collected before obtaining a prostaticbiopsy. Serum PSA, fPSA levels were quantified by the ELISA technique.Results: PSA cut-off value was found to be more than 9.57 ng/ml for Prostate Cancerpatients, values range between 3.17 - 9.57 ng/ml for BPH patients and cut-off valuefor control was found to be less than 3.17 ng/ml, while serum (fPSA/PSA) % cut-offvalue was less than 11.1% for Prostate Cancer patients, values range between 11.1% -31 % for BPH patients, and cut-off value was greater than 31% for the control group.Conclusion: There is a highly significant difference in serum PSA levels and(fPSA/PSA)% between the prostate cancer and control groups. Body mass indexshowed an inverse association with the risk of prostate cancer.

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RETN rs3745368 polymorphism and resistin level in Javanese ethnic Indonesian obese: a case control study

Jurnal Teknologi Laboratorium ◽

10.29238/teknolabjournal.v8i1.164 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

Rizki Fajar Utami ◽

Pramudji Hastuti ◽

Ahmad Hamim Sadewa

Keyword(s):

Allele Frequency ◽

Frequency Distribution ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Allele Frequency Distribution ◽

Resistin Level ◽

Obesity Status ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Obesity has become a global public health problem. It occurs due to a positive energy balance leading to adipose tissue expansion. White adipose tissue was an endocrine organ which secreted resistin. Resistin also produced by immune cells due to low chronic level inflammation might cause higher resistin level in obese people. Polymorphism +62G>A RETN gene was reported has a relationship with low resistin level and A allele as a protective allele. This study aimed to determine genotype and allele frequency distribution concerning resistin level. Another objective aimed to know the correlation between resistin level with body mass index. The design of the research was a case-control study with 122 people (18-40 y.o.), divided equally in the case group (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2) and control group (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) without diabetes mellitus. Blood was taken after fasting a minimal 8 hours. Plasma was used to measure the resistin level. DNA genotyping was analyzed using PCR-RFLP. Genotyping result showed three genotypes of RETN gene +62G>A polymorphism (GG, GA, AA). There was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequency distribution related to obesity status (p=0.680; p=1) and resistin level (p=0.537) between case and control group. There was no significant difference in resistin level between case and control group (p=0.770). Resistin level was correlated with BMI in obese group (p= 0.05; r= -0.25). The present study concludes that there is no significant difference in genotype and allele frequency distribution related to obesity status and resistin level. Resistin level has a negative correlation with BMI.

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Can brain natriuretic peptide predict cardiovascular complications in severe preeclampsia? A case-control study

International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine ◽

10.18502/ijrm.v17i4.4552 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nayereh Ghomian ◽

Farveh Vakilian ◽

Bahram Shahri ◽

Vesam Rostaminejad ◽

Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan

Keyword(s):

Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Natriuretic Peptide ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Case Control ◽

Severe Preeclampsia ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Control Study

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the most common pregnancy complications, which is one of the major causes of fetal and maternal mortality. Objective: To compare the serum Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) level in patients with severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy and investigate associated cardiovascular complications. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was performed on 94 women with a singleton pregnancy (severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy) at Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. The venous blood samples were collected to evaluate the serum BNP level. All patients were subjected to echocardiography performed by a single cardiologist. Results: The mean pro-BNP levels were 480.36 ± 754.52 and 67.46 ± 106.24 pg/dL in the severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy patients, respectively (p < 0.001). However, adjusted BNP for maternal and gestational age was not different in the two groups (ANCOVA, p = 0.69). Furthermore, the two study groups showed no significant difference in terms of the cardiac parameters, including ejection fraction (EF), left ventricle end-diastolic and -systolic diameters (LVEDD and LVESD, respectively), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and ratio of the early transmitral flow velocity to the early diastolic tissue velocity (E/Em). However, the serum BNP level showed a significant correlation with EF (r = -0.39, p = 0.008), TAPSE (r = -0.47, p = 0.001), and E/Em ratio (r = 0.48, p = 0.001) in patients with severe preeclampsia. Conclusion: It seems that BNP can be used as a predictor for some of the main cardiac functional indices (i.e., E/Em, EF, and TAPSE) in severe preeclampsia patients.

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Assessment of Regulatory T Cells in Childhood Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura

ISRN Hematology ◽

10.1155/2013/143687 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Karina L. M. Mazzucco ◽

Lauro M. Junior ◽

Natália E. Lemos ◽

Andréa Wieck ◽

Annelise Pezzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Treg Cells ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Control Groups ◽

Platelet Counts ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

This study had the objective to assess the frequency of Tregs in children newly diagnosed with ITP and ascertain whether an association exists between Tregs and platelet counts, by means of a comparison with healthy controls. This case-control study included 19 patients newly diagnosed with ITP—whose blood samples were collected at four points in time: before any therapy and 1, 3, and 6 months after diagnosis—and 19 healthy controls. Tregs (CD4+ CD25+Foxp3 T cells) were evaluated by flow cytometry. There was a statistically significant difference in platelet count between the case and control groups. There were no significant differences in Treg counts between cases and controls at any point during the course of the study and no difference in Treg counts between the chronic and nonchronic groups and no significant correlation between Tregs and platelet counts in the case and control groups. The findings of this study did not show any statistically significant correlation between Tregs and number of platelets in the case and control groups. Treg cells did not play a role in the regulation of autoimmunity in children with ITP.

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Association Between Serum Cadmium and Arsenic Levels with Bladder Cancer: A Case-control Study

International Journal of Cancer Management ◽

10.5812/ijcm.106642 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Vahid Moazed ◽

Elham Jafari ◽

Mohammad Reza Ebadzadeh ◽

Amin Pourzare ◽

Hamid Reza Gharehchahi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Regression Models ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

P Value ◽

Control Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Background: Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the genitourinary system and the eighth cause of cancer death. In addition to known risk factors such as smoking and urinary stones, trace elements are also effective in causing bladder cancer and other cancers. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the association between bladder cancer and the carcinogens cadmium and arsenic. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 40 patients with bladder cancer admitted to Shahid Bahonar Hospital and a control group of 40 healthy individuals in Kerman, Iran, in 2018. The serum levels of arsenic and cadmium were measured by atomic absorptiometry. The paired t-test and chi-square tests were employed to assess the difference between cases and controls groups. An unadjusted and 2 multivariable conditional regression models were separately adjusted on sex, family cancer history, residence, occupation, and smoking and were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to assess the association between arsenic and cadmium levels and bladder cancer. The statistical software SPSS version 26 and R software version 3.6.3 were used to perform the statistical analyses. Results: The mean cadmium level was 2.99 ± 1.45 and 2.59 ± 0.46 in the case and control groups, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.100). The mean arsenic level was 2.12 ± 1.04 and 1.43 ± 0.73 in the case and control groups, respectively, demonstrating a statistically significant difference between the groups (P = 0.001). Unadjusted and adjusted conditional logistic regression models indicated significant association between arsenic levels and bladder cancer (unadjusted: odds ratio (OR) (95% CI): 0.66 (0.46 - 0.94), P-value = 0.022; adjusted: OR (95% CI): 0.64 (0.44 - 0.92), P-value = 0.018). Conclusions: Overall, cadmium and arsenic levels are higher in patients with bladder cancer, with a statistically significant difference for arsenic. However, these elements are not interrelated and are not related to other factors.

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Correlation Between CCND1 Gene Polymorphism and Genetic Susceptibility to Gastric Cancer in Chinese Population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-128247/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Huiwen Pan ◽

Xuyu Gu ◽

Chen Zou ◽

Keping Chen ◽

Yu Fan

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Gene Polymorphism ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Control Groups ◽

Ccnd1 Gene ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

The Relationship ◽

Normal Controls ◽

Control Study

Abstract Objective: The relationship between Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) rs9344 polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric cancer (GC) is investigated.Methods: In a case-control study, we selected 577 cases of GC from The People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University in China along with 678 normal controls. Blood DNA was extracted and PCR amplified, gene polymorphism was determined using Snapshot method.Results: Analysis reveals significant difference in smoking between GC and control groups (P=0.006), however, not on polymorphism (P＞0.05). Conclusion: Smoking is associated with gastric cancer, whereas CCND1 rs9344 polymorphism does not implicate susceptibility of gastric cancer.

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CHARACTERS, DETERMINANTS, AND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHRONIC ANEMIA AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: CASE–CONTROL STUDY

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i2.36024 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 192-196

Author(s):

HAIDER SHAHEED MOHAMMED

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chronic Anemia ◽

Exact Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Objective: The objective of this study was carried out to study the characters, determinants of anemia among atrial fibrillation (AF) patients and to estimate the link between chronic anemia and AF. Methods: This is a case–control study, administrated in Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital among admitted patients in the cardiac care unit from 1st week of January 2018 to the last week of April 2019. A random sample of 100 patients was included in the study based cut of time, where a special form of inquiry sheet was constructed to gather data and it was reviewed and revised by matter experts for testing the validity and enrichment of it. Both cases of AF and control with sinus rhythm were divided into anemic and non-anemic, anemia is defined as hemoglobin <13 and <12 in male and female, respectively. A Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version (25) was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics Chi-square Fischer exact test, and ANOVA tests of significance, correlation and logistic regression analysis had been estimated where p<0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: A total of 100 individuals had been included in the study, 50 cases with AF and 50 control with mean of age was 62.74003±13.424 years 58 females with 42 males, total non-anemic was 57 while total anemic was 43, 74.4% of AF cases was anemic while 25.6% of control group was anemic, there was statistically significant difference between cases and control according to the presence and absence of anemia where p<0.05. Conclusion: The first study done in the region to prove the direct relation of anemia on incident AF, thus in conclusion, chronic anemia had a relation with AF.

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Status of Bone Mineral Density Mammographic Breast Density and Serum Oestrogen and Calcium Levels: A Case-Control Study

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.18.80900 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽

pp. 200s-200s

Author(s):

K. Chelliah

Keyword(s):

Breast Density ◽

Calcium Level ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Mammographic Breast Density ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Estrogen Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Background: Mammographic breast density (MBD) is a predictor of breast cancer while bone mineral density (BMD) is a marker of estrogen and calcium level. Aim: The objective of the study is to compare MBD, BMD, estrogen and calcium level between the cancer and control groups. Method: This case-control study was done on 40 women in each control and cancer group. The women had mammography and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry at Kuala Lumpur Hospital. Respondents were chosen using purposive sampling and women who had commenced cancer treatment were excluded from the study. Blood samples were taken to analyze serum estrogen and calcium level of the subjects. Results: The demographic characteristic of the control and cancer patients were similar in age, body mass index and menarche age. The mean of selected variables were compared between groups using independent t test and Mann-Whitney for continuous and categorical data respectively. There was significant difference for estrogen between the groups. Person correlation showed moderate correlation between estrogen level and BMD. Women with scattered fibroglandular breasts and dense breast were the most affected by cancer, multiple logistic regression showed significant difference between the groups for breast density ( P = 0.047) and estrogen level ( P = 0.002). Conclusion: There is significant difference between cancer and control group for MBD and estrogen level.

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