scholarly journals Mermaid syndrome associated with VACTERL-H syndrome

Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Tanya T. Kitova ◽  
Ekaterina H. Uchikova ◽  
Peter A. Uchikov ◽  
Borislav D. Kitov
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Type I ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Mermaid Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Agenesis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Palm Of The Hand

Mermaid syndrome or sirenomelia is an extremely rare congenital malformation with an incidence between 1.5 and 4.2 per 1,000,000 pregnancies. Association of mermaid syndrome with VACTERL-H syndrome is extremely rare, with only two cases reported so far in the literature. We present a new case of type I sirenomelia associated with VACTERL-H syndrome and review the relevant literature.  A 15-year-old female patient was admitted to the Department of Pathological Pregnancy at St George University Hospital, Plovdiv with progredient abortion during her first pregnancy. She had low socioeconomic status, negative history of concomitant diseases and addictions. The patient avoided prophylactic intake of folic acid during her pregnancy. Prenatal ultrasound found a malformative fetus. Consequently, magnetic resonance imaging was performed which established the presence of hydrocephalus and defects in the lower part of the spine. These pathological findings indicated interruption of pregnancy at 20 weeks of gestation. The fetopathological examination found sirenomelia type I associated with myelomeningocele, hydrocephalus, anal imperforation, single umbilical artery, bilateral renal and ureteric agenesis, bladder agenesis, tracheo-esophageal fistula, agenesis of external genitals, monkey fold of the left palm of the hand, also known as VACTERL-H syndrome. Our case demonstrates that mermaid syndrome and VACTERL-H syndrome represent different manifestations of a single pathological process that results in disorders of the blastogenesis at different stages during embryonic development. 

Disability and Work in South Asia and the United Kingdom

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Buckingham
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Disability History ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Indian Experience ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Western View

Historical analyses, as well as more contemporary examples of disability and work, show that the experience of disability is always culturally and historically mediated, but that class—in the sense of economic status—plays a major role in the way impairment is experienced as disabling. Although there is little published on disability history in India, the history of the Indian experience of caste disability demonstrates the centrality of work in the social and economic expression of stigma and marginalization. An Indian perspective supports the challenge to the dominant Western view that modern concepts of disability have their origins in the Industrial Revolution. Linkage between disability, incapacity to work, and low socioeconomic status are evident in India, which did not undergo the workplace changes associated with industrialization in the West.

scholarly journals Discovery of a Novel Hepatovirus (Phopivirus of Seals) Related to Human Hepatitis A Virus

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Anthony ◽  
J. A. St. Leger ◽  
E. Liang ◽  
A. L. Hicks ◽  
M. D. Sanchez-Leon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Internal Ribosomal Entry Site ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Functional Region ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Human Hepatitis ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTDescribing the viral diversity of wildlife can provide interesting and useful insights into the natural history of established human pathogens. In this study, we describe a previously unknown picornavirus in harbor seals (tentatively named phopivirus) that is related to human hepatitis A virus (HAV). We show that phopivirus shares several genetic and phenotypic characteristics with HAV, including phylogenetic relatedness across the genome, a specific and seemingly quiescent tropism for hepatocytes, structural conservation in a key functional region of the type III internal ribosomal entry site (IRES), and a codon usage bias consistent with that of HAV.IMPORTANCEHepatitis A virus (HAV) is an important viral hepatitis in humans because of the substantial number of cases each year in regions with low socioeconomic status. The origin of HAV is unknown, and no nonprimate HAV-like viruses have been described. Here, we describe the discovery of an HAV-like virus in seals. This finding suggests that the diversity and evolutionary history of these viruses might be far greater than previously thought and may provide insight into the origin and pathogenicity of HAV.

scholarly journals Food Insecurity and Preeclampsia: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junaid Bigdeli ◽  
Golnaz Ranjbar ◽  
Lida Jarahi ◽  
Nayereh Khadem Ghaebi ◽  
Davood Soleimani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Background: Household food insecurity is defined as the limited or uncertain access to adequate and safe food or limited ability to obtain food in a socially acceptable manner. Preeclampsia is a severe case of high-risk pregnancy, which endangers the health of women across the world, especially in developing countries. The current study aimed to use the nutritional deficiencies theory in pathogenesis of preeclampsia and determine the correlation between food insecurity and preeclampsia. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 100 women with preeclampsia and 200 normal pregnant women with the gestational age of 20 weeks. Participants were selected via purposive sampling according to the eligibility criteria. Data were collected using the USDA questionnaire for food insecurity, socioeconomic data, and demographic data through interviews. Results: The findings indicated that the frequency of food insecurity was significantly higher in the preeclampsia women than the healthy women (71% vs. 21%; P < 0.001). Logistic regression indicated that the risk of preeclampsia was six times higher among pregnant women in the unsafe food status group than those in safe food status group [odds = 6.4; 95%CI: 3.3-12.4; P < 0.001]. Among the studied variables, socioeconomic status, history of stillbirth, history of preterm delivery, and ethnicity were significantly associated with preeclampsia during pregnancy (P < 0.05). In addition, women with low socioeconomic status were twice at the higher risk of preeclampsia compared to those with favorable socioeconomic status [odds = 2.7; 95%CI: 1.1-6.2; P = 0.01]. Conclusion: The current study indicated that the prevalence of food insecurity was high in Iranian women with preeclampsia, especially those with a history of preterm labor, history of stillbirth, low socioeconomic status, or non-Persian.

scholarly journals Clinical Pattern of Liver Abscess among the Patients Admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Chanchal Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Fakhrul Alam ◽  
M Mahmuduzzaman ◽  
AKM Shamsul Kabir ◽  
M Saif Uddoula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Clinical Pattern ◽  
Palm Wine ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Liver abscess is an important clinical problem in tropical regions of the world. Current assessment of liver abscesses should allow for better understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of the disease. This study was conducted to find the clinical pattern and aetiopathogenesis of liver abscess in patients admitted in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital.Methodology: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH) on consecutive 34 patients of liver abscess admitted between the period of July 2002 and June 2003. Detailed history and clinical examination were performed in all patients. All routine investigations were done. Liver abscess was confirmed by ultrasonography (USG). Aspiration of liver abscess was done under sonographic guidance in the Nuclear Medicine Department of RMCH to diagnose the cause of liver abscess. Aspirated materials were sent for microscopical examination and culture and sensitivity in the Department of Microbiology of the same Institute.Result: The findings showed that early middle-aged population were usually affected by liver abscess followed by middle aged (mean age around 40 years). The patients were predominantly male with males being 16 times more likely to suffer from the disease than the females. Most of the patients belong to low socioeconomic status (82.4%). All patients had fever and malaise. Other common manifestations were loss of appetite, lump in the abdomen, intercostal tenderness, nausea/ vomiting, loss of weight. Less common presentations were diarrhoea (29.4%), jaundice (23.5%), cough (11.8%), chest pain (11.8%) and breathlessness (2.9%). Liver span of the patients measured by ultra-sonogram showed hepatomegaly in all cases. All patients with pyogenic liver abscess and 75% of the patients with amoebic abscess had the history of prolonged intake of fermented palm juice (palm wine). Microscopic examination of the pus/aspirate drawn from the liver revealed trophozoite in 7(20.6%) cases. However, on culture of the specimen, 12(35.3%) were culture positive and 22(64.7%) were culture negative.Conclusion: Middle-aged male with low socioeconomic status with the history of prolonged palm wine intake are the most common characteristic of patients with liver abscess. Multi-center study with large sample size is recommended to verify the findings of the present study.Bangladesh J Medicine Jul 2015; 26 (2) : 55-60

The “Homogamy” of Road Rage Revisited

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne D. Roberts ◽  
David W. Indermaur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Road Rage ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
History Of

The principle of homogamy, the tendency for victims and offenders to share behavioral and demographic characteristics, has been applied to various forms of violent crime. This article explores how this principle relates to types of “road rage” using a survey of 1,208 Australian drivers. Two-thirds of drivers who perpetrated violent forms of road rage also reported being victims of the same crime, providing support for the homogamy thesis. Perpetrators were predominantly young males with low socioeconomic status who lacked the ability to control their temper. Perpetrator-victims were more likely than other victims to have a history of driving violations and higher levels of general aggression and report more frequent aggressive driving behaviors. The implications for theories of violence are discussed.

scholarly journals Penyebab Langsung dan Tidak Langsung Stunting di Lima Kelurahan di Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, Kota Bogor (Study Kualitatif Kohor Tumbuh Kembang Anak Tahun 2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bunga Ch Rosha ◽  
Andi Susilowati ◽  
Nurillah Amaliah ◽  
Yurista Permanasari
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Prelacteal Feeding ◽  
Environmental Sanitation ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
First Feeding ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nutritional Needs

Abstract Stunting is a condition of chronic malnutrition that occurs during a critical period of the child's growth and development caused by several factors. The research objective was to explore the direct and indirect causes of stunting as part of the 2019 child development cohort study in Bogor City. The study used indepth interviews with 24 informants who had children under five (10-49 months) with a normal history of birth weight, but then experienced stunting. The data analysis was thematic and the results showed that the direct causes included the provision of colostrum and exclusive breastfeeding but without continued balance with adequate complementary feeding. Prelacteal feeding was given to replace breast milk after childbirth, the first feeding with factory food until more than 1 year old so that the nutritional needs of the child were insufficient. Moreover, the consumption of protein sources is still insufficient and the child has a history of recurrent infections. Meanwhile, the indirect causes included the low socioeconomic status and poor environmental sanitation conditions posing them at risks of infections. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to improve nutrition education for mothers, improve environmental sanitation and increase the family economy through community economic empowerment. Key words: Stunting, direct cause, indirect cause Abstrak Stunting merupakan kondisi kekurangan gizi kronis yang terjadi pada saat periode kritis dari proses tumbuh dan kembang anak yang dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggali penyebab langsung dan tidak langsung kejadian stunting yang merupakan bagian dari penelitian kohor tumbuh kembang anak tahun 2019 di Kota Bogor. Metode kualitatif deskriptif dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 24 informan ibu yang memiliki balita (10-49 bulan) dengan riwayat lahir normal, tetapi kemudian mengalami stunting. Analisis data menggunakan analisis Tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyebab langsung antara lain pemberian kolostrum serta ASI eksklusif sudah dilakukan tetapi belum diimbangi dengan MP-ASI yang adekuat, pemberian makanan prelakteal berupa susu formula diberikan untuk menggantikan ASI yang belum keluar pasca melahirkan, pemberian makanan pertama berupa makanan pabrikan diberikan sampai anak berusia lebih dari 1 tahun sehingga tidak mencukupi kebutuhan gizi anak seiringnya bertambahnya usia anak, konsumsi sumber protein masih kurang dan mengalami riwayat infeksi berulang. Sedangkan penyebab tidak langsung yaitu rendahnya status sosial ekonomi keluarga dan kondisi sanitasi lingkungan yang kurang baik dapat menjadi risiko anak mudah tertular penyakit infeksi. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini perlu ditingkatkan edukasi gizi pada ibu, peningkatan sanitasi lingkungan sekitar dengan menjalankan program bersih lingkungan dan peningkatan ekonomi keluarga melalui pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat. Kata kunci: Stunting, penyebab langsung, penyebab tidak langsung

scholarly journals A study on clinicopathological evaluation of rhinosporidiosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4519
Author(s):  
Prangya Panda ◽  
Bijaya Kumar Sadangi ◽  
Dhaneswari Jena ◽  
Sarita Panda
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Lacrimal Sac ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Palpebral Conjunctiva ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Almost All

Background: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease. Aim of the study was to do a clinicopathological evaluation of the cases of rhinosporidiosis. Study design was longitudinal.Methods: The study was undertaken in MKCG medical college. 151 cases of rhinosporidiosis were taken. Pedunculated or sessile, fleshy, polypoidal, reddish looking mass with spores on the surface were clinically diagnosed as rhinosporidiosis. Age, sex distribution, site of presentation and socioeconomic status was studied. The swellings of lacrimal sac were doughy in consistency. The conjunctival mass was excised and thermocautery applied. For the cases of lacrimal sac dacryocystectomy was done.Results: The cases were more common in male children of low socioeconomic status. Palpebral conjunctiva is the common site of involvement. History of pond bath was present in almost all the cases. History of bleeding from nose and eye was present in many cases.Conclusions: Rhinosporidiosis is a common condition of our locality. Treatment is simple by excising the growth and cauterising the site. Taking bath in pond water is supposed to be the cause of the disease. The disease can be prevented by avoiding pond bath.

Hygiene hypothesis and occupational asthma to vegetable textile dusts: A pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chayma Sridi ◽  
Maher Maoua ◽  
Imene Kacem ◽  
Imene Jammeli ◽  
Asma Chouchane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Asthma ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Hygiene Hypothesis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University

Background: Over the last decades, the prevalence of allergic manifestations has increased significantly. To explain the increase in the prevalence of asthma, Strachan advanced the Hygiene Hypothesis, which states that decreased exposure to infectious microorganisms in infancy may have contributed to changes in the maturation of the immune system during childhood. To the best of our knowledge, no analytical studies detailing the links between the Hygiene Hypothesis and occupational allergy have been carried out to date. Objective: To study the relations between the factors involved in the Hygiene Hypothesis and the occurrence of occupational asthma (OA) to vegetable textile dusts. Methods: A case-control study was conducted from September 2017 to September 2018. The cases and controls were enrolled from the occupational medicine department of the University Hospital “Farhat Hached” of Sousse (Tunisia) among patients attending from 2009 to 2016. The case group was composed of patients diagnosed with OA to vegetable textile dusts. Controls were age and gender matched, working in the textile sector and not suffering from any allergic diseases. Results: A total of 57 OA cases and 112 controls were enrolled. Four factors involved in the Hygiene Hypothesis were independently associated with OA to vegetable textile dusts: the lowest rank in siblings (p=0.037; ORa=0.14; 95% CI= [0.02-0.90]); contact with animals (p=0.006; ORa=0.22; 95% CI= [0.08-0.65]) especially cats; history of parasitic and/or mycotic infections in childhood (p=0.004; ORa=0.035; 95% CI= [0.004-0.35]) and history of viral infections in childhood (p<10-3; ORa=0.028; 95% CI= [0.01-0.14]). Other factors had a protective effect, such as the parents' low socioeconomic level and the father's occupation as a farmer. Conclusion: The microorganism-rich environment during childhood is an important model for understanding the mechanisms involved in the development of allergic asthma. Our data suggest that prevention of OA in adults might require early intervention in childhood.

The Association Between Past Sexual Abuse and Depression in Older Adults From Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee J. Flores ◽  
Adalberto Campo-Arias ◽  
Jim P. Stimpson ◽  
Claudia M. Chalela ◽  
Carlos A. Reyes-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants

To explore the association between past sexual abuse and depression in elders living in Bogotá, Colombia, we used data from the SABE (Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento [Health, Well-being, and Aging]) Bogotá Study. Participants were 2000 community-dwelling adults aged 60 years and older in 2012. Sexual abuse was assessed by self-report. Depression was measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale. The weighted prevalence estimate was 2.6% for past sexual abuse and 23.4% for depression. Multivariate data analyses showed significantly higher odds of depression for past sexual abuse (odds ratio [OR] = 3.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.13-7.16). Other characteristics associated with depression were history of being displaced by violence (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.30-2.40), low socioeconomic status, low education, poor self-rated health status, and poor self-rated memory. Thus, past sexual abuse and history of being displaced by violence were strongly associated with depression among Colombian elderly individuals.

scholarly journals Old Era Continues in Modern World: A Case Report of Scurvy Induced Myopathy in Patient with Chronic Alcoholism

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Girish Singhania ◽  
Namrata Singhania ◽  
Neha Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Chronic Alcoholism ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Alcoholic Patient ◽  
Chronic Alcoholic ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Vitamin C Deficiency ◽  
History Of

We report a case of myopathy in a chronic alcoholic patient with scurvy who presented with generalized weakness, myalgias, and arthralgia. Our case raises awareness regarding rare interaction between vitamin C deficiency and myopathy which is seen more commonly in patients with history of chronic alcoholism and low socioeconomic status. Early treatment with vitamin C replacement is helpful in treatment of the disease and its complications.

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