scholarly journals Composition and structure of the frugivorous butterfly community (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) at the Serra Azul State Park (PESA), Mato Grosso, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley O. de Sousa ◽  
Lincey E. Sousa ◽  
Fátima R.J. da Silva ◽  
Wildio I. da Graça Santos ◽  
Rodrigo Aranda
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Taxonomic Richness ◽  
Substitution Pattern ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Cane Juice ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Butterfly Community ◽  
Richness Estimators

Due to the important ecological role of Nymphalidae as consumers of fermented fruits, excrement, exudates of decomposed plants and animals, as well as bioindicators of environmental quality that attract the interest of the general public, this study aimed to characterize the fauna of frugivorous butterflies at the Serra Azul State Park – PESA (Mato Grosso, Brazil) with regards to composition, taxonomic richness and spatial distribution. Collections were carried out in 2014 from six 250 m plots in a RAPELD module (5x5 km). We defined five sampling points in each plot and placed a Van Someren-Rydon trap (VSR), with a bait made from banana fermented in cane juice, positioned 1 m above the ground for 24 hours. We collected 204 specimens of Nymphalidae from five subfamilies, 22 genera, and 40 species. Satyrinae was the most abundant and species-rich subfamily. The community structure varied spatially, with the gallery forest presenting the greatest richness, diversity, and equitability, while ‘cerrado ralo’ presented higher abundance and less diversity and equitability. Therefore, according to the pattern of abundance in the PESA, species were best adapted to the log series model. Yphthimoidesrenata (Stoll, 1780) (Satyrinae), Hamadryasferonia (Linnaeus, 1758), and Callicoresorana (Godart, 1824) (Biblidinae) were the most abundant species, 19 species were singletons, and eight were doubletons. Richness estimators showed that 63% of all species were sampled. Our results indicate that the frugivorous butterfly community is structured according to phytophysiognomies, and the dominance of species that are tolerant to disturbances indicates landscape fragmentation within the PESA, which interferes with species substitution pattern and their abundances in different environments of the park.

scholarly journals When roads cross streams: fish assemblage responses to fluvial fragmentation in lowland Amazonian streams

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel L. Brejão ◽  
Fabrício B. Teresa ◽  
Pedro Gerhard
Keyword(s):  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Aquatic Communities ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Fish Dispersal

ABSTRACT Roads affect biodiversity by increasing mortality rates, habitat loss, and natural landscape fragmentation. Poorly installed culverts can impound streams, changing the environmental conditions, and affecting aquatic communities. We evaluated the effects of road crossings on the taxonomic composition and functional structure of fish assemblages in lowland eastern Amazonian streams, Brazil. We tested the hypothesis that the presence of road-derived impoundments affects assemblage taxonomic and functional composition and structure. Two predictions were addressed: (1) Species and functional group composition will differ in impounded reaches in relation to lotic reaches; (2) Assemblages in downstream lotic reaches will be richer in species and functional groups in relation to upstream lotic and impoundment reaches. We sampled five streams crossed by roads presenting impoundment formation, conducted by visual census (day, dusk, and night) in 200 m line transects. Assemblage composition from lentic reaches was different from lotic reaches, and Shannon diversity from downstream reaches was different from upstream and impoundment, however, beta diversity partitioning between lotic reaches showed higher nestedness contribution, reinforcing the role of impoundment in limiting fish dispersal between lotic reaches. These results suggest that impoundments impose environmental and dispersal constraints to fish, affecting their longitudinal distribution in streams fragmented by roads.

Long-term dynamics and destruction of marsh vegetation in the Kolokolkova Bay of the Barents Sea

2012 ◽  
pp. 66-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Lavrinenko ◽  
O. V. Lavrinenko ◽  
D. V. Dobrynin
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

The satellite images show that the area of marshes in the Kolokolkova bay was notstable during the period from 1973 up to 2011. Until 2010 it varied from 357 to 636 ha. After a severe storm happened on July 24–25, 2010 the total area of marshes was reduced up to 43–50 ha. The mean value of NDVI for studied marshes, reflecting the green biomass, varied from 0.13 to 0.32 before the storm in 2010, after the storm the NDVI decreased to 0.10, in 2011 — 0.03. A comparative analysis of species composition and structure of plant communities described in 2002 and 2011, allowed to evaluate the vegetation changes of marshes of the different topographic levels. They are fol­lowing: a total destruction of plant communities of the ass. Puccinellietum phryganodis and ass. Caricetum subspathaceae on low and middle marches; increasing role of halophytic species in plant communities of the ass. Caricetum glareosae vic. Calamagrostis deschampsioides subass. typicum on middle marches; some changes in species composition and structure of plant communities of the ass. Caricetum glareosae vic. Calamagrostis deschampsioides subass. festucetosum rubrae on high marches and ass. Parnassio palustris–Salicetum reptantis in transition zone between marches and tundra without changes of their syntaxonomy; a death of moss cover in plant communities of the ass. Caricetum mackenziei var. Warnstorfia exannulata on brackish coastal bogs. The possible reasons of dramatic vegetation dynamics are discussed. The dating of the storm makes it possible to observe the directions and rates of the succession of marches vegetation.

Board of Director Characteristics, Institutional Ownership, and Fraud: Evidence from Australia

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineeta D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Research Evidence ◽  
Institutional Ownership ◽  
Board Of Director ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Board Of Directors ◽  
Director Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The U.S

Due to the high incidence of fraud in Australia, regulatory reports suggest strengthening the monitoring role of the board of directors (BOD). These reports recommend greater independence and no duality (chairperson of the BOD should not be the CEO) on the BOD. While there is no Australian evidence, research evidence in the U.S. supports these suggested reforms. It is not clear whether the research evidence observed in the U.S. will generalize to the Australian setting because of contextual differences. This study extends the U.S. findings to the Australian context and investigates the relationship between two attributes of the BOD, independence and duality, and fraud. In addition, I examine whether institutional ownership plays a role in the context of fraud. The more highly concentrated institutional ownership in Australia suggests the presence of some relationship. Using a matched sample of fraud and no-fraud firms from 1988–2000, I find that as the percentage of independent directors and the percentage of independent institutional ownership increases, the likelihood of fraud decreases. As expected, the results show a positive relationship between duality and the likelihood of fraud. These results support the call for strengthening the composition and structure of the BOD in Australia.

scholarly journals Mosquito Vector Production across Socio-Economic Divides in Baton Rouge, Louisiana

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1420
Author(s):  
Rebeca de Jesús Crespo ◽  
Madison Harrison ◽  
Rachel Rogers ◽  
Randy Vaeth
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Baton Rouge ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Low Income Groups ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

We investigated the role of socio-economic factors in the proliferation of mosquito vectors in two adjacent but socio-economically contrasting neighborhoods in Baton Rouge, LA, USA. We surveyed mosquito larvae habitat, mosquito larvae, and adult mosquitoes during the summer of 2020. We also evaluated the number of requests for mosquito abatement services in the years preceding the study for each area. While we did not find differences in terms of the most abundant species, Culex quinquefasicatus (F1,30 = 0.329, p = 0.57), we did find a higher abundance of mosquito habitats, particularly discarded tires, as well as larvae (z = 13.83, p < 0.001) and adults (F1,30 = 4.207, p = 0.049) of the species Aedes albopictus in the low-income neighborhood. In contrast, mosquito abatement requests were significantly higher in the high socio-economic neighborhood (z = −8.561, p < 0.001). This study shows how factors such as adjudicated properties, discarded tires and pest abatement requests can influence the abundance of mosquito vectors, disproportionately affecting low-income groups. This study also highlights how Aedes spp. may be better indicators than Culex spp. of socio-economic differences between nearby neighborhoods, due to their short flight range and habitat preferences, and this should be considered in future studies attempting to detect such disparities in the future.

scholarly journals Species functional traits and abundance as drivers of multiplex ecological networks: first empirical quantification of inter-layer edge weights

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1939) ◽  
pp. 20202127
Author(s):  
S. Hervías-Parejo ◽  
C. Tur ◽  
R. Heleno ◽  
M. Nogales ◽  
S. Timóteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Traits ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Modular Organization ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Multilayer Network ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Seed Dispersers ◽  
Natural Communities

Many vertebrate species act as both plant pollinators and seed-dispersers, thus interconnecting these processes, particularly on islands. Ecological multilayer networks are a powerful tool to explore interdependencies between processes; however, quantifying the links between species engaging in different types of interactions (i.e. inter-layer edges) remains a great challenge. Here, we empirically measured inter-layer edge weights by quantifying the role of individually marked birds as both pollinators and seed-dispersers of Galápagos plant species over an entire year. Although most species (80%) engaged in both functions, we show that only a small proportion of individuals actually linked the two processes, highlighting the need to further consider intra-specific variability in individuals' functional roles. Furthermore, we found a high variation among species in linking both processes, i.e. some species contribute more than others to the modular organization of the multilayer network. Small and abundant species are particularly important for the cohesion of pollinator seed-dispersal networks, demonstrating the interplay between species traits and neutral processes structuring natural communities.

scholarly journals Siphonophora from the coast of Brazil (17ºS to 24ºS)

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Ramis Nogueira ◽  
Sérgio dos Reis Oliveira Jr
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Coastal Upwelling ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Factorial Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trophic Interaction ◽  
Principal Axes ◽  
Bank System

This work is based on the analysis of 99 zooplankton samples collected during the Oceanographic Expedition "ESPÍRITO SANTO I", held along the east coast of Brazil, between Cabo Frio and Abrolhos Archipelago, an area characterized by the occurrence of coastal upwelling, from July to September 1984. Zooplankton was collected with vertical plankton net hauls of 250 µm mesh size in the upper 200 meters layer. A total of twenty one species of Siphonophora was observed, two of which were identified as being physonect and the other as calycophorans. Specific diversity close to the shore and at the neighborhood of the Vitória-Trindade Bank System, showed smaller values, in comparison with those in the oceanic regions. Factorial analysis was used in order to access the changes observed in the population of the eleven most abundant species. The first two principal axes represented the influence of the nearshore - offshore gradient and the role of trophic interaction, accounted for 60% of the total variance of the data.

scholarly journals Species of Geotrupidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-352
Author(s):  
Sérgio Roberto Rodrigues ◽  
Anderson Puker
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Light Trap ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The Family ◽  
Total Capture ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Coleoptera of the family Geotrupidae play an important ecological role in the decomposition of animal and plant organic matter. In Brazil there is little information on the diversity and distribution of this group, thus, this work had a purpose to study Geotrupidae species, occurring in Aquidauana, MS. A survey for geotrupids was conducted in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Beetles were captured using a light trap over a period of two years, from January 2006 to December 2007. A total of 907 specimens were collected and identified to eight species. From the subfamily Bolboceratinae, the species identified were Bolbapium minutum (Luederwaldt, 1929) and Pereirabolbus castaneus (Klug, 1845). In the subfamily Athyreinae the species identified were Athyreus bilobus Howden & Martínez, 1978, Parathyreus aff. bahiae, Neoathyreus aff. julietae, N. sexdentatus Laporte, 1840, N. centromaculatus (Felsche, 1909) and N. goyasensis (Boucomont, 1902). Four species (A. bilobus, N. centromaculatus, N. goyasensis and P. castaneus) are reported for the first time in Aquidauana, MS, Brazil. The most abundant species, representing 85.9% of the total capture, was B. minutum. The greatest numbers of specimens was caught from October to December of both years of the study.

scholarly journals SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE NA VISÃO DE ENFERMEIROS: UMA QUESTÃO MULTIPROFISSIONAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Marcos Antonio Nunes De Araujo ◽  
Wilson Danilo Lunardi Filho ◽  
Rosemary Silva Da Silveira ◽  
Jose Carlos Souza ◽  
Edison Luiz Devos Barlem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
City State ◽  
Promote Patient Safety ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

Objetivo: identificar como o enfermeiro percebe a segurança do paciente na instituição de saúde em que atua. Metodologia: estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, realizado entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2016, em Dourados/MS, com 52,58% da população de 310 enfermeiros hospitalares. Aplicou-se questionário sociodemográfico com questões vinculadas à segurança do paciente, cujos dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva. Resultados: parte dos enfermeiros apontou menor segurança quanto aos procedimentos, cuidados e administração de medicamentos. Conclusão: compete à equipe multiprofissional atuar na promoção da segurança do paciente, sendo o enfermeiro o profissional apto a identificar e comunicar riscos iminentes, prevenindo a ocorrência de danos e promovendo saúde na sua integralidade, devido à assistência de enfermagem ocorrer ao longo das 24 horas do dia.Descritores: Segurança do paciente, Gerenciamento de risco, Papel do enfermeiro, Raciocínio clínico.PATIENT SAFETY IN THE PERPECTIVE OF NURSES: A MULTI PROFESSIONAL ISSUEObjective: to highlight how the institutional safety is in the perspective of nurses. Methodology: a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted between January and February 2016, in Dourados City, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, with 52.58% of 310 hospital nurses. A sociodemographic questionnaire with questions about “patient safety” was used. A descriptive and statistical analysis was performed. Results: some of the nurses indicated less safety regarding procedures, care and administration of medication. Conclusion: It is the role of multi professional team to promote patient safety. Nurses are capable of identifying and communicating imminent risks, due to their 24 hours assistance, preventing injuries and promoting health in its entirety.Descriptors: Patient Safety, Risks Management, Nurse’s Role, Clinical reasoning.SEGURIDAD DE LOS PACIENTES EN LA PERCEPCIÓN DE ENFERMEROS: UNA CUESTIÓN MULTIPROFESIONALObjetivo: identificar cómo la enfermera percibe la seguridad del paciente en la institución de salud en que actúa. Metodologia: estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal hecho de enero a febrero de 2016, en Dourados/MS, con 52,58% de la población de enfermeros hospitalarias. Se utilizó encuesta sociodemografica respecto la “seguridad del paciente” Se hizo el análisis descriptivo y estadístico. Resultados: parte considerable de los enfermeros indicó menor seguridad cuanto a procedimientos, cuidados y administración medicamentosa. Conclusión: el equipo multiprofesional debe promover la seguridad del paciente, considerando el enfermero como el más apto a identificar y comunicar riesgos inminentes en las 24h de su asistencia, evitando danos e promocionando salud en su integralidad.Descriptores: Seguridad del paciente, Administración de riesgos, Función de los enfermeros, Raciocinio clínico.

scholarly journals ENCONTROS DE ESTUDANTES INDÍGENAS DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL: desafios, protagonismo e interculturalidade no Ensino Superior

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Maria Luiz Ferreira ◽  
Beatriz dos Santos Landa
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Knowledge Network ◽  
Institutional Policies ◽  
Indigenous Students ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
University Spaces ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

O texto apresenta uma das experiências do projeto Rede de Saberes – Permanência de Acadêmicos Indígenas no Ensino Superior, desenvolvido por quatro universidades, UCDB, UEMS, UFMS e UFGD, com aporte financeiro da Fundação Ford. Este artigo reflete ainda sobre o protagonismo dos(as) estudantes indígenas na realização de encontros estaduais nos espaços universitários e em áreas indígenas, podendo ser apontados entre os resultados: a proposição de políticas públicas e institucionais; a criação de ações e programas específicos e diferenciados nas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES); e o fortalecimento do protagonismo de jovens universitários(as) indígenas no enfrentamento dos diferentes desafios postos para eles nesses espaços e na construção de relações interculturais.MEETINGS OF INDIGENOUS STUDENTS FROM MATO GROSSO DO SUL: challenges, protagonism and interculturality in Higher Education  ABSTRACTThe text presents one of the experiences of the project Knowledge Network − Permanence of Indigenous Academics in Higher Education, developed by four universities, UCDB, UEMS, UFMS and UFGD, with financial support from the Ford Foundation. This article also considers the protagonism of indigenous students in holding state meetings in university spaces and indigenous areas, resulting in: the proposition of public and institutional policies; creation of specific and differentiated actions and programs in Higher Education Institutions (IES); and strengthening of the role of young indigenous university students in facing the different challenges posed to them in these spaces and in the construction of intercultural relations.Keywords: Indigenous in Higher Education. Interculturality. Indigenous Protagonism

Glycomic and glycotranscriptomic profiling of mucin-type O-glycans in planarian Schmidtea mediterranea

Glycobiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabarinath Peruvemba Subramanian ◽  
Vairavan Lakshmanan ◽  
Dasaradhi Palakodeti ◽  
Ramaswamy Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Schmidtea Mediterranea ◽  
Ligand Interaction ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Enzyme Class ◽  
Cell Cell

Abstract O-Glycans on cell surfaces play important roles in cell-cell, cell-matrix, and receptor-ligand interaction. Therefore, glycan-based interactions are important for tissue regeneration and homeostasis. Free-living flatworm Schmidtea mediterranea, because of its robust regenerative potential, is of great interest in the field of stem cell biology and tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, information on the composition and structure of O-glycans in planaria is unknown. Using mass spectrometry and in silico approaches, we characterized the glycome and the related transcriptome of mucin-type O-glycans of planarian S. mediterranea. Mucin-type O-glycans were composed of multiple isomeric, methylated, and unusually extended mono- and di-substituted O-GalNAc structures. Extensions made of hexoses and 3-O methyl hexoses were the glycoforms observed. From glycotranscriptomic analysis, sixty genes belonging to five distinct enzyme classes were identified to be involved in mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis. These genes shared homology with those in other invertebrate systems. While a majority of the genes involved in mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis was highly expressed during organogenesis and in differentiated cells, a few select genes in each enzyme class were specifically enriched during early embryogenesis. Our results indicate a unique temporal and spatial role for mucin-type O-glycans during embryogenesis and organogenesis and in adulthood. In summary, this is the first report on O-glycans in planaria. This study expands the structural and biosynthetic possibilities in cellular glycosylation in the invertebrate glycome and provides a framework towards understanding the biological role of mucin-type O-glycans in tissue regeneration using planarians.

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