The exercise-instrumental music program and irisin levels in younger non-professional athletes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
S. Sugiharto ◽  
D. Merawati ◽  
H. Susanto ◽  
A. Pranoto ◽  
A. Taufiq
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference

A passive lifestyle and lack of exercise are triggering factors in increasing metabolic syndrome, whereas metabolic syndrome is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to analyse an exercise-based non-pharmacological approach combined with instrumental music to the plasma levels of irisin. The study employed a randomised pretest-posttest-only group design recruiting 30 male participants. The individuals aged between 19-21 years, body mass index (BMI) 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, normal blood pressure, normal resting heart rate (RHR), VO2max 40-50 ml/kg bodyweight/min, normal haemoglobin (Hb). The subjects were randomly divided into three groups, MIE (n=10, moderate-intensity exercise), MIEM (n=10, moderate-intensity exercise + instrumental music), and HIE (n=10, high-intensity exercise). Blood sampling was collected from pre- and 5 min post-exercise treatment. ELISA method was used to measure the circulating irisin levels. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann Whitney test and Spearman correlation were chosen to analyse the data. The results showed that there is no significant difference in pre-exercise irisin levels (ng/ml) in MIE (1.58±0.89), MIEM (1.77±3.12), and HIE (1.65±0.88) with a P-value of 0.098. Importantly, the alteration of irisin levels post-exercise program revealed that the level of this peptide (ng/ml) is higher in HIE (7.28±5.11) compared to MIE (1.95±1.85) and MIEM (4.16±3.40) with a P-value of 0.019. The plasma levels of irisin significantly correlate to energy expenditure (r=0.353, P≤0.01), plasma peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (r=0.597, P≤0.001), and high-density lipoprotein (r=0.513, P≤0.01). In summary, increased irisin secretion may directly contribute to the gradual alteration of energy expenditure and correlate to physical exercise intensity-related musical treatment.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Serum Metabolic Fingerprint of Different Exercise Modes in Men with and without Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterina Siopi ◽  
Olga Deda ◽  
Vasiliki Manou ◽  
Ioannis Kosmidis ◽  
Despina Komninou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Exercise Mode ◽  
Metabolic Fingerprint ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Exercise Guidelines

Exercise plays a beneficial role in the treatment of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Metabolomics can provide new insights and facilitate the optimization of exercise prescription. This study aimed to investigate whether the response of the human serum metabolic fingerprint to exercise depends on exercise mode or the presence of MetS. Twenty-three sedentary men (nine with MetS and fourteen healthy) completed four trials: Resting, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE), continuous moderate-intensity exercise (CME), and resistance exercise (RE). Blood samples were collected pre-exercise, immediately after exercise, and 1 h post-exercise for targeted metabolomic analysis in serum by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Time exerted the strongest differentiating effect, followed by exercise mode. The largest changes from baseline were found in the immediate post-exercise samples. RE caused the strongest responses overall, followed by HIIE, while CME had minimal effect. Unlike previous results in urine, no valid model could separate the two groups in serum. Exercise exerted a beneficial effect on prominent serum biomarkers of metabolic risks, such as branched-chain amino acids, alanine, acetylcarnitine, choline, and betaine. These findings contribute to the ongoing research efforts to map the molecular responses to exercise and to optimize exercise guidelines for individuals at cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Acute Interval and Continuous Moderate Intensity Exercise Enhanced Circadian Thermogenic Activity through Browning related Genes in Obese Adolescent Female

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 566-581
Author(s):  
Sugiharto Sugiharto ◽  
Desiana Merawati ◽  
Adi Pranoto ◽  
Purwo Sri Rejeki ◽  
Moch. Nasmay Lupita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Group ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Oxidation Activity ◽  
Obese Adolescent ◽  
Significant Difference

Thermogenesis is associated with oxidation activity in muscle and fat tissue, the target of non-pharmacological therapy in preventing the increase in obesity. This research was designed to reveal the circadian profile of thermogenic gene expression after the acute interval and continuous moderate-intensity exercise. The subjects were 22 randomly selected obese adolescent females who met the predetermined inclusion criteria. The study subjects were then divided into three groups: control group (CG), acute interval moderate-intensity exercise group (AIMIE), and acute continuous moderate-intensity exercise group (ACMIE). Acute interval and continuous exercise were performed by running on a treadmill for 40-45 minutes, while moderate-intensity was defined as 60%-70% of the maximum heart rate (HRmax). The blood samples were collected initially (pre-exercise), followed by 10 minutes, 6 hours, and 24 hours post-acute interval and continuous moderate-intensity exercise treatment. Measurement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) and fibronectin type III domain 5 (FNDC-5) expressions in protein level were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Data were analyzed using one way-ANOVA and two way-ANOVA with a significant level of 5%. The findings suggest a substantial increase in the expression of PGC-1α and FNDC-5 after exercise compared to before the workout. A significant difference in PGC-1α and FNDC-5 expressions between the control group compared to AIMIE and ACMIE (p ≤ 0.05) has been observed. However, there is no significant difference in PGC-1α and FNDC-5 expressions after exercise between AIMIE and ACMIE (p ≥ 0.05). In conclusion, acute interval and continuous moderate-intensity exercise increase the expression of thermogenesis-related genes. Hence, acute interval and continuous moderate-intensity exercise might be potential non-pharmacological therapy to prevent, reduce, and control the increasing prevalence of obesity.

scholarly journals SAT-649 Comparison of the Accuracy and Concordance of 3 CGM Devices vs SMBG During Aerobic Exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A Henske ◽  
Jeff D Thostenson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Freestyle Libre

Abstract Introduction: Real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rt-CGM) and flash glucose monitoring (FGM) devices have become important tools for managing type 1 diabetes. These devices are approved for management decisions in steady-state conditions, however there is a decline in accuracy during aerobic exercise with respect to MARD and lag time.1 It is possible that newer technologies may be superior to previous devices. Question: With the newest rtCGM, FGM, and long-term CGM devices, do we continue to see an increase in MARD during continuous aerobic exercise? Is there a difference between glucose readings of the 3 devices when worn simultaneously during exercise? Design: A single subject with T1DM, experienced in glucose management during exercise, wore 3 devices simultaneously - the DEXCOM G6 (San Diego, CA; rt-CGM1, worn on the abdomen), the Eversense (Germantown, DM; long-term CGM or rt-CGM2, implanted in the left arm), and the Abbott Freestyle Libre 14-day (Chicago, IL; FGM, worn on the right arm). The rt-CGM2 was calibrated using a blood glucose meter (Ascensia Contour Next) which was also used for comparator SMBG. Glucose was recorded 10 minutes before and after exercise and every 10 minutes during a 60 minute run at moderate intensity. 6 exercise sessions were averaged for data analysis. Subject wore an insulin pump and reduced the basal rate by 50% 90 minutes prior to exercise and resumed the basal immediately post-exercise. Carbohydrates were not used within 3 hours prior to exercise but could be consumed during exercise if needed to avoid hypoglycemia. Results: Glucose value during 60 minutes of exercise dropped from mean of 167 to 114 mg/dL with SMBG, 174 to 115 mg/dL with rt-CGM, 175 to 115 with rt-CGM2, and 150 to 106 mg/dL with FGM. Average measured glucose was 140.0, 145.8, 145.6, and 129.3 mg/dL for SMBG, rt-CGM1, rt-CGM2, and FGM respectively. P-value <0.05 for FGM. MARD (calculated compared to SMBG) for 10 minutes pre-exercise, during exercise, and post-exercise for rt-CGM1 was 5.1%, 11.7%, and 8.6% respectively. For rt-CGM2 MARD was 7.7%, 11.4%, and 10.0% respectively. For FGM, MARD was 12.7%, 5.3%, and 21.3% respectively. Overall MARD was 9.8% for rt-CGM1, 10% for rt-CGM2, and 8.0% for FGM. Conclusions: Blood glucose values dropped with aerobic exercise with observed lag between CGM and SMBG. Rt-CGM1 and Rt-CGM2 showed increased MARD vs SMBG during exercise. Interestingly, lower MARD was seen for FGM during aerobic exercise likely due to bias towards lower glucose levels at baseline as reported by FGM. There was no significant difference seen during exercise between rt-CGM1 and rt-CGM2 despite the differing location of the sensors (transdermal vs subcutaneous) and method of glucose analysis (glucose oxidase vs fluorescence). References: (1) Zaharieva et al. Diabetes Technol Ther 2019; 21: 313-321.

scholarly journals Association of Metformin Pharmacogenetic with a Single Amino Acid Alteration in Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) Genein Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Jafari ◽  
Seyed Mohsen Miresmaeili ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Kalantar
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Single Amino Acid ◽  
P Value ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is known as a metabolic, reproductive and ovarian degeneration disorder. Pro12 Ala mutation in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) gene as a transcription factor is linked to disorder of glucose and infertility. In the patients with type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome, metformin is the recommended first-line treatment. The aim of this study was evaluation of pharmacokinetics of metformin and the patients genotype for Pro12 Ala polymorphism. Methods: In this study, 100 women with PCOS and 100 healthy women were evaluated. Plasma levels of the FSH and LH were evaluated before and after metformin consumption in the patients.The Pro12 Ala polymorphism was detected by PCR-RFLP analysis. Results: Two patients carried GG homozygous recessive. There was no significant difference in genotypes between the healthy and patient women. There was a significant difference in plasma levels of LH, FSH and testosterone before and after treatment with metformin but there was no relationship between genotype and response to metformin (p-value = 0.59). Conclusion: Considering to this research, there is no relationship between Pro12 Ala polymorphism and metformin response in the patients, but the response to metformin for the regulation and improvement ovulation hormones in many patients is satisfactory.

Early postnatal overnutrition impairs VO2max gains with moderate exercise and increase post-exercise muscle damage in adult male rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Douglas Lopes Almeida ◽  
Gabriel Sergio Fabricio ◽  
Laize Peron Tófolo ◽  
Tatiane Aparecida Ribeiro ◽  
Camila Cristina Ianoni Matiusso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adaptation To Exercise

Abstract Exercise counteracts obesity effects, but information on how early-life obesity may affect long-term adaptation to exercise is lacking. This study investigates the impact of early-life postnatal overfeeding (PO) on animals’ adaptation to exercise. Only male Wistar rats were used. On postnatal day (PN) 30, rats from control (NL-9 pups) or PO (SL-3 pups) litters were separated into four groups: NL-sedentary (NL-Se), NL-exercised (NL-Ex), SL-sedentary (SL-Se), and SL-exercised (SL-Ex). Exercised groups performed moderate-intensity exercise, running on a treadmill, from PN30 to PN90. Further experiments were carried out between PN90 and PN92. PO promoted obesity in SL versus NL rats (P < 0.05). Exercise reduced body weight (P < 0.001), body fat (P < 0.01), and improved glucose homeostasis in SL-Ex versus SL-Se. SL-Ex presented lower VO2max (P < 0.01) and higher post-exercise LDH (P < 0.05) compared to NL-Ex rats. Although moderate exercise counteracted obesity in SL rats, early-life overnutrition restricts fitness gains in adulthood, indicating that early obesity may impair animals’ adaptation to exercise.

scholarly journals Metabolic Risk Factors and Associated Morbidities among Adult Urban People in Pyin Oo Lwin Township

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban People

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, with insulin resistance proposed as a linking factor. It is common and is increasing in prevalence worldwide, largely attributed to increasing obesity and sedentary lifestyles, and now is both a public health and clinical problem. This community-based, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted during 2015 to identify metabolic risk factors and associated morbidities among adult urban people in Pyin Oo Lwin Township. A total of 355 participants, 94 men (26.5%) and 261 women (73.5%) were enrolled. Age distribution was from 18 to 85 years with mean of 49.98 (SD:15.22) years. Metabolic risk factors were identified according to National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) guideline. In this study, central obesity was the highest component with 145 subjects (40.8%) followed by elevated triglycerides 129(36. 3%), elevated blood pressure 104(29.3%), low HDL-cholesterols 85(23.9%), and elevated fasting glucose in only 48 individuals (13.5%). The total prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 35.2% with 26.6% in men and 38.3% in women, respectively. There were statistically significant associations above all five metabolic risk factors with metabolic syndrome (p value <0.001). Regarding its associated morbidities, ECG examinations showed normal 296 cases (83.4%) and abnormal in 59 cases (16.6%) but there was no significant difference between metabolic syndrome and abnormal ECG findings. In conclusion, this study recognizes the high prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome and can be depicted about the metabolic risks as the baseline data for implementation of further activities to reduce the incidence of non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Moderate Intensity of Physical Exercise increased Β (Beta) Cell and Size of Langerhans Islets in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes Mellitus Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Sarah M Nurdin ◽  
Nuniek Nugraheni ◽  
Mei Wulan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽  
Langerhans Islets ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: The death of β cells Langerhans islets in Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can cause  loss of Langerhans islet function and worsen the progression of DM. Physical exercise plays a major part in DM treatment.Aim: to observe the effect of moderate intensity exercise to β (beta) cell numbers and Langerhans islets area size in Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats.Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats (Rattusnorvegicus) divided into 3, Group 1 as the control, Group 2 received 35 mg/kg streptozotocin induction treatment, Group 3 received 35 mg/kg streptozotocin induction and physical exercise, swimming, with moderate intensity 70% from the swimming maximal ability, 9% of body weight load, 4 times a week for 4 weeks. Datas collected were in the form of histopathology slide of pancreatic tissue after receiving treatment for 28 days.Results: There are significant differences of β-cell pancreas number between group K1 and K2 (p<0,001), group K2 and to K3 (p<0,001). No significant difference between group K1 and K3 (p=0,102). The Langerhans islets area sizes of pancreas tissue between group K1, K2, and K3 are significantly different (p<0,001).Conclusion: This study shows moderate-intensity physical exercise can increase the number of β cell and average area size of Langerhans islets. The effect of physical exercise depends on the intensity of exercise and the capacity of pancreatic function left of the diabetic.

Effects of subtracting sitting versus adding exercise on glycemic control and variability in sedentary office workers

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1286-1293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Blankenship ◽  
Kirsten Granados ◽  
Barry Braun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise

Recent evidence suggests that, like adding exercise, reducing sitting time may improve cardiometabolic health. There has not been a direct comparison of the 2 strategies with energy expenditure held constant. The purpose of this study was to compare fasting and postmeal glucose and insulin concentrations in response to a day with frequent breaks from sitting but no exercise versus considerable sitting plus moderate exercise. Ten sedentary overweight/obese office workers were tested in 3 conditions: (i) walking per activity guidelines (AGW): sitting for majority of workday with a 30 min pre-lunch walk; (ii) frequent long breaks (FLB): no structured exercise but frequent breaks from sitting during workday with energy expenditure matched to AGW; and (iii) frequent short breaks (FSB): number of breaks matched to FLB, but duration of breaks were shorter. Plasma glucose and insulin areas under the curve were measured in response to a meal tolerance test (MTT) at the end of the workday and interstitial glucose was evaluated throughout the day and overnight using continuous glucose monitoring. Using repeated-measures linear mixed models, area under the curve of plasma glucose or insulin after the MTT was not different between conditions. Glycemic variability was lower in FLB compared with AGW (p < 0.05), and nocturnal duration of elevated glucose (>7.8 mmol/L) was shorter after FLB (2.5 ± 2.5 min) than AGW (32.7 ± 16.4 min) or FSB (45.6 ± 29.6 min, p = 0.05). When energy expenditure was matched, breaks from sitting approximated the effects of moderate-intensity exercise on postmeal glucose and insulin responses and more effectively constrained glycemic variability.

The accuracy of fitness watches for the measurement of heart rate and energy expenditure during moderate intensity exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. JAGIM ◽  
Nicolas KOCH-GALLUP ◽  
Clayton L. CAMIC ◽  
Leah KROENING ◽  
Charles NOLTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Moderate Intensity Exercise
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