Development of Rapid and Less Hazardous Plant DNA Extraction Protocol using Potassium Phosphate Buffer

AbstractUltrahydrophilic titanium miniplates with sandblasted and acid etched (SLA) surfaces were protected from loss of hydrophilicity by an exsiccation layer of salt and stored in a dry state. Various salts in different concentrations were tested in respect to their conservation capacity and optical appearance. Potassium phosphate buffer in a specified composition appeared to be optimal. This optimal system was applied in a long time storage experiment showing no loss of hydrophilicity over years. It was also transferred with success to hyperhydrophilic dental implants.

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An Elution Procedure for Visualization of Adult Hemoglobins in Human Blood Smears

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v43.2.239.239 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 239-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

David Kabat

Keyword(s):

Cord Blood ◽

Human Blood ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Fetal Hemoglobin ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Blood Smears

Abstract A procedure is described for visualization of normal and mutant adult hemoglobins in human blood smears. After extraction of blood smears with a concentrated potassium phosphate buffer (2.76 M, pH 7.2), erythrocytes that had adult hemoglobins stained bright red with erythrosin, whereas cells that had only fetal hemoglobin appeared as clear ghosts. Analyses of cord blood from newborn infants indicate that, although most erythrocytes contain only Hb F and a few contain only Hb A, many contain both hemoglobins A and F.

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Repair of salt tolerance and recovery of lost D-alanine and magnesium following sublethal heating of Staphylococcus aureus are independent events

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m81-095 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 627-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Hurst ◽

A. Hughes

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Synthetic Medium ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Complex Media ◽

Rich Medium ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Heat Damage ◽

Independent Events

Sublethal heating of Staphylococcus aureus S6 in potassium phosphate buffer caused loss of salt tolerance, D-alanine, and magnesium. During incubation in rich complex media all three of the damaged sites were repaired. Repair occurred more slowly but went to completion in a dilute synthetic medium (DSM), free of D-ala. DSM plus penicillin or D-cycloserine allowed repair of salt tolerance but recovery of normal levels of D-ala or Mg was prevented. When DSM-repaired cells were cultured into fresh rich medium they grew rapidly after a short lag. Cells which had acquired their salt tolerance in DSM plus cycloserine and were D-ala and Mg deficient grew slowly and had a lag of 3 h. We suggest that heat damage has two separate primary targets in S. aureus cells: the membrane, which is manifested by loss of salt tolerance, and a second site, possibly teichoic acids, manifested by loss of D-ala and Mg.

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Purification and general properties of δ-aminolaevulate dehydratase from Nicotiana tabacum L.

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1140331 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 114 (2) ◽

pp. 331-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

A. S. Shetty ◽

G. W. Miller

Keyword(s):

Activation Energy ◽

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Optimum Temperature ◽

Thiol Groups ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Tobacco Leaves ◽

General Properties ◽

Nicotiana Tabacum L

1. δ-Aminolaevulate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.24) was purified 80-fold from tobacco leaves and its properties were studied. 2. The enzyme had optimum pH7·4 in potassium phosphate buffer, Km6·25×10−4m at 37° and pH7·4, optimum temperature 45° and an activation energy of 11100 cal./mole. 3. The enzyme lost activity when prepared in the absence of cysteine, and this activity was only partly restored by the later addition of thiols. Reagents for thiol groups inactivated the enzyme. 4. Mg2+ was essential for activity, and EDTA and Fe2+ were inhibitory; Mn2+ was an activator or an inhibitor depending on the concentration.

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Improved Protocol for DNA Extraction from Subsoils Using Phosphate Lysis Buffer

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8040532 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 532 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Victor Guerra ◽

Lukas Beule ◽

Ena Lehtsaar ◽

Hui-Ling Liao ◽

Petr Karlovsky

Keyword(s):

Dna Extraction ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Clay Content ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Soil Biology ◽

Agricultural Field ◽

Extraction Protocol ◽

18S Rrna Genes

As our understanding of soil biology deepens, there is a growing demand for investigations addressing microbial processes in the earth beneath the topsoil layer, called subsoil. High clay content in subsoils often hinders the recovery of sufficient quantities of DNA as clay particles bind nucleic acids. Here, an efficient and reproducible DNA extraction method for 200 mg dried soil based on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) lysis in the presence of phosphate buffer has been developed. The extraction protocol was optimized by quantifying bacterial 16S and fungal 18S rRNA genes amplified from extracts obtained by different combinations of lysis methods and phosphate buffer washes. The combination of one minute of bead beating, followed by ten min incubation at 65°C in the presence of 1 M phosphate buffer with 0.5% SDS, was found to produce the best results. The optimized protocol was compared with a commonly used cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method, using Phaeozem soil collected from 60 cm depth at a conventional agricultural field and validated on five subsoils. The reproducibility and robustness of the protocol was corroborated by an interlaboratory comparison. The DNA extraction protocol offers a reproducible and cost-effective tool for DNA-based studies of subsoil biology.

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Factors that Influence Germination and Mycoherbicidal Activity ofAlternaria cassiae

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00033303 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 82-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Donald J. Daigle ◽

Peter J. Cotty

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Growth Chamber ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Potato Dextrose Broth ◽

Leaf Stage ◽

True Leaf

The influences of pH, surfactants, and nutrients on germination were investigated to develop a basis for improvement ofAlternaria cassiaemycoherbicide formulations. In vitro results indicated that a formulation with a pH of approximately 6.5 containing 0.1 to 1% Tween 80, 0.02 M potassium phosphate buffer, and 1% dehydrated potato dextrose broth best promoted germination. Sicklepod plants at the 2 to 3 true-leaf stage were sprayed with test solutions, incubated in the dark at 100% relative humidity (28 C) for 6 h, and placed in a growth chamber maintained at 30 C. Assessment of the plants after 2 d indicated that the ability of the formulation components to induce germination ofAlternaria cassiaein vitro corresponded well with their ability to improve infection of sicklepod seedlings.

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Acceleration of hemoglobin C crystallization by hemoglobin S

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v74.5.1823.bloodjournal7451823 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 74 (5) ◽

pp. 1823-1825

Author(s):

MJ Lin ◽

RL Nagel ◽

RE Hirsch

Keyword(s):

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Time Intervals ◽

Agar Gel ◽

Hemoglobin C ◽

Agar Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Over Time

We previously reported that circulating hemoglobin (Hb) CC erythrocytes contain oxygenated HbC crystals with little or no HbF and that HbF inhibits in vitro crystallization of HbC. We now report that HbS accelerates in vitro crystallization of HbC. Crystals were formed in 1.8 mol/L potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, at 30 degrees C and were counted in several time intervals with a hematocytometer. The hemoglobin composition of Millipore-isolated crystals and supernatant were also analyzed. Under the conditions selected, 100% HbS formed needle-shaped crystals only after two hours. Pure HbC does not form crystals within 15 minutes, whereas a ratio of 10% HbS:90% HbC forms 1,100 crystals/mm3, 20% HbS:80% HbC forms 370 crystals/mm3, and 30% HbS:70% HbC forms 5 crystals/mm3. Crystals formed in the presence of HbS are tetragonal, as are pure HbC crystals. As compared with 100% HbC, HbA or albumin mixed with HbC showed a decreased number of crystals as a result of dilution. Analysis of the Hb content of isolated crystals by citrate agar gel electrophoresis showed that HbS was rapidly incorporated into the crystal in the same ratio over time. These results demonstrate that HbS accelerates crystallization of HbC with respect to the rates of crystallization of any of these two Hbs separately, through a mechanism that involves cocrystallization. These results may be significant in understanding SC disease.

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DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR ANALYZING DISODIUM 5′-GUANYLATE AND DISODIUM 5′-INOSINATE LEVELS IN FLAVOR ENHANCERS

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2018.v10s1.28 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Dwi Karina Natalia ◽

Harmita . ◽

Taufiq Indra Rukmana

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Mobile Phase ◽

High Performance ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Array Detector ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Chromatography Method

Objective: This study aimed to develop a selective analytical method for assessing disodium 5′-guanylate and disodium 5′-inosinate levels in flavorenhancers.Methods: The levels were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a photodiode array detector (PDA) (wavelength=255 nm) and a SunFire® C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm). The mobile phase comprised a mixture of potassium phosphate buffer and anion pair reagent-hexane-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt - with a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. The ion pair was used to generate a neutral equilibrium, whichresulted in increased retention of the analytes. Optimized analysis conditions were then validated regarding accuracy, precision, linearity, selectivity,and the limits of detection and quantification.Results: The average levels of disodium 5′-inosinate in the six analyzed samples were 0.24±1.46, 0.21±2.69, 0.58±3.26, 0.21±0.84, 0.22±3.59, and0.47±2.21%, respectively. Regarding disodium 5′-guanylate, the average levels were 0.15±2.85, 0.15±0.12, 0.41±3.80, 0.16±1.72, 0.27±1.18, and0.34±1.83, respectively.Conclusion: The optimal conditions for analyzing disodium 5′-guanylate and disodium 5′-inosinateusing HPLC with a PDA and SunFire C18 columnwere λ=255 nm, a mobile phase of potassium phosphate buffer and sodium hexane sulfonate, and a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. For disodium 5′-inosinate,its average levels in samples A–F were 0.24±1.46, 0.21±2.69, 0.58±3.26, 0.21±0.84, 0.22±3.59, and 0.47±2.21%, respectively. Meanwhile, the averagelevels of disodium 5′-guanylate in the samples were 0.15±2.85, 0.15±0.12, 0.41±3.80, 0.16±1.72, 0.27±1.18, and 0.34±1.83%, respectively.

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Subcellular localization of actin in chlorella

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100111653 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 308-309

Author(s):

A. Michaels ◽

V. Kriho ◽

L. Solomonson

Keyword(s):

Polyethylene Glycol ◽

Chlorella Vulgaris ◽

Subcellular Distribution ◽

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Potassium Phosphate ◽

Subcellular Location ◽

Eukaryotic Cells ◽

Growth Media ◽

Potassium Phosphate Buffer ◽

Immunocytochemical Techniques

Although most often thought of as a contractile protein, actin has been localized and isolated from many non-muscle eukaryotic cells. The function of actin has also been described in certain algal cells. However, little is known regarding the subcellular distribution of actin and its relationship to function in algal cells.Using the immunocytochemical techniques of Wolosewick and co-workers, we have determined the subcellular location of actin in the unicellular green algae, Chlorella vulgaris.Pellets of Chlorella were fixed in 0.25% glutaraldehyde (EMS) in growth media for 1 hr on ice. The cells were washed (2X) with 10mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.5. These cells were maintained on ice in phosphate buffer until dehydration and embedding in polyethylene glycol (PEG) (MW3350). PEG is a water miscible wax which can be removed easily from the section.

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