Antioxidant Activity of Archidendron pauciflorum, Syzygium oleana, Mangifera indica, Theobroma cacao and Cinnamomum burmannii Young Leaves and Their Application as Jelly Drink Colourants

Manililla is a mango variety whose residues contain bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids, with high added value. The use of environmentally friendly extraction technology would be of great relevance; hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of solvent relation, sonication time and amplitude on the ultrasound-assisted extraction of total polyphenols in Manililla mango residues (peel, endocarp and kernel) and antioxidant activity. An experimental design 23 with a central point was used to evaluate the curvature behavior of the process variables. Conventional maceration was used as a control. The better conditions were obtained at the central point using 50% ethanol in water, 60% amplitude and 20 min of sonication time. We obtained values of up to 1814 mg GAE/100 g, 469 mg GAE/100 g and 672 mg GAE/100 g of total polyphenols and 1228 mg QE/100 g, 653 mg QE/100 g and 880 mg QE/100 g of total flavonoids for peel, endocarp and kernel, respectively. Mangiferin was quantified in ultrasound-assisted extraction at 150 mg/g in peel and 0.025 mg/g in the kernel, but it was not detectable in maceration. An antioxidant capacity of 87%, 14% and 83% inhibition for peel, endocarp and kernel, respectively, were obtained. Peel and kernel were the residues with higher potential as extraction material, while endocarp was not.

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Effect of Thermal Processing on Color, Phenolic Compounds, and Antioxidant Activity of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Leaves and Seeds

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10081207 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1207

Author(s):

Shu-Cheng Duan ◽

Soon-Jae Kwon ◽

Seok-Hyun Eom

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Cooking Methods ◽

Thermal Treatments ◽

Nutritional Values ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Dry Heating ◽

Positive Correlations

The leaves and seeds of the faba bean are good sources of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanin (L-dopa), and are usually eaten with thermal cooking methods. However, little information is available on the effect of thermal treatments on their nutritional value. We compared the changes in color, contents of L-dopa, vitamin C (Vc), total phenolics (TP), total flavonoids (TF) and antioxidant activity after dry heating or steaming faba bean leaves and seeds. The young leaves provided higher values of all the estimate factors, regardless of the thermal treatment. Steaming significantly degraded nutritional values of the leaves, but less changed in seeds, whereas dry heat maintained these attributes. The contents of L-dopa, Vc, TP and TF were shown to have strongly positive correlations with antioxidant activity in the leaves, whereas only L-dopa content was positively correlated with antioxidant activity of the seeds. Faba leaves contained relatively high L-dopa which possessed strong antioxidant activity compared to the Vc. As L-dopa is an important contributor to the antioxidant activity of faba leaves and seeds, consuming L-dopa from leaves may provide beneficial effects not only regarding Parkinson’s Disease.

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Effect of Chitosan–Pullulan Composite Edible Coating Functionalized with Pomegranate Peel Extract on the Shelf Life of Mango (Mangifera indica)

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings11070764 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 764

Author(s):

Nishant Kumar ◽

Pratibha ◽

Neeraj ◽

Anka Trajkovska Petkoska ◽

Sawsan Ali AL-Hilifi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Storage Period ◽

Edible Coating ◽

Postharvest Quality ◽

Pomegranate Peel ◽

Preservation Method ◽

Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽

Peel Extract

The polysaccharide based composite biomaterial (coating) used in preserving fruits and vegetables during storage is attracting increased attention as it is biodegradable material that prolongs shelf life. In the present investigation, chitosan–pullulan (50:50) composite edible coating was prepared with pomegranate peel extract (0.02 g/mL) as an active antioxidant agent. The effect of treatment with pomegranate peel extract enriched chitosan–pullulan composite edible coating on the shelf life of mango fruits during 18 days of storage period at room (23 °C) and cold (4 °C) temperature was evaluated. Results of the present study demonstrated that the application of chitosan–pullulan composite edible coating significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influences the storage life of mango fruits at both storage temperatures. The chitosan–pullulan composite edible coating reduced the physiological loss in weight (PLW), and maintained total soluble solids (TSS), acidity and pH of coated mango fruits as compared to the control. In addition, fruit sensory quality such as freshness, color, taste and texture were also retained by the treatment. Furthermore, sustained firmness, phenolic content and antioxidant activity confirmed the effectiveness of the pomegranate peel extract enriched chitosan–pullulan composite edible coating on mango fruits. The phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activity of coated fruits were retained by pomegranate peel rich edible coating. Therefore, the chitosan–pullulan (50:50) combination with pomegranate peel extract can be used as an alternative preservation method to prolong the shelf life of mango fruits at room and cold storage conditions. However, more in-depth studies are required at farm and transit level without affecting the postharvest quality of mango fruits, providing more revenue for farmers and minimizing postharvest losses.

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Detecção rápida de Ceratocystis fimbriata em lenho infetado de eucalipto, mangueira e outros hospedeiros lenhosos

Fitopatologia Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-41582005000500016 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 543-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Francisco A Ferreira ◽

Luis A Maffia ◽

Evander A Ferreira

Keyword(s):

Theobroma Cacao ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽

Lasiodiplodia Theobromae

Desenvolveu-se uma técnica de detecção rápida de Ceratocystis fimbriata em lenho de eucalipto (Eucalyptus spp.) infetado, visualizando-se clamidósporos (aleuroconídios) ao microscópio ótico comum, em vasos do xilema, medula e raios medulares, a partir de cortes histopatológicos à mão livre, feitos com lâmina de barbear, ao microscópio estereoscópico. O tempo médio gasto para a detecção do patógeno, do corte histopatológico tangencial à total visualização dos clamidósporos ao microscópio ótico comum, foi de 3,5 min e bem menos utilizando-se corte longitudinal passando pela medula, contra, no mínimo, quatro a cinco dias, usando-se outras técnicas como o isolamento em BDA, deposição de fragmentos de lenho doente entre fatias de cenoura usadas como isca, ou pedaços de lenhos doentes deixados em câmara úmida. Essa técnica histopatológica é também viável para a detecção do patógeno em outros hospedeiros lenhosos e, inclusive, para a detecção de hifas de Lasiodiplodia theobromae, mesmo quando esses dois fungos estavam num mesmo tecido, como na doença-complexo seca de mangueira investigada no Sultanato de Omã. Além de eucalipto, mangueira (Mangifera indica) e cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao) é provável que essa técnica possa ser estendida para outros hospedeiros lenhosos de C. fimbriata.

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Comparative analysis of fresh and processed mango (Mangifera indica L, cv. “Maria”) pulps: influence of processing on the volatiles, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity

Food Science and Technology ◽

10.1590/fst.54020 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabete de Santana SILVA ◽

Heraldo Bispo dos SANTOS JUNIOR ◽

Tamna Joanan Farias Lima GUEDES ◽

Rafael Donizete Dutra SANDES ◽

Murugan RAJAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Mangifera Indica

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Effects of temperature, steeping time and particle size used in infusion brewing on total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of tea produced from young upland rice leaves

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development ◽

10.18697/ajfand.97.20150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (02) ◽

pp. 17477-17491

Author(s):

Narissara Uthai ◽

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Young Leaves

Tea was brewed from young leaves of 4 weeks old Thai upland black waxy rice plants of the cultivar ‘Damgatondam’, which has a noticeable fragrant smell from both seeds and leaves. The plants were harvested about 1 cm above soil level, washed, and cut into pieces, about 1 cm long. These pieces were then steamed for 1 min in a steamer rack, withering for 5min by spreading them out in a thin layer, pan-roasted at 70°C for 30 min, and finally dried at 70°C for 90 min. They were either kept as pieces of leaves or ground into a powder, and both were used for brewing tea by infusion in water at 4oC, room temperature (about 25oC), for 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, or 15 h and brewing at 70oC or 98oC for 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 or 15 min. Directly after brewing, the tea was stored at -25oC awaiting analysis. Each sample was analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC) and for antioxidant activity, by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazo line-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Results showed that tea brewed from ground leaves had higher antioxidant activity than tea brewed from ungrounded leaves. The highest level of extraction was at 98oC for 15 min, where the TPC was 62.79 mg GAE/100g, antioxidant activity was 278.04 for DPPH, 195.38 for ABTS and 1150.13 mg TE/100g for FRAP. Samples extracted at 4oC or room temperature also had high levels of TPC and antioxidant activity with the maximum extraction at room temperature for 15 h; where TPC was 46.76 mg GAE/100g, and antioxidant activities were 152.72 for DPPH, 140.42 for ABTS and 950.32 mg TE/100 g for FRAP. Therefore, the level of extraction for tea brewed in all four conditions depended on both temperature and brewing time. Also, extraction of high levels of bioactive compounds depended on large surface areas of the leaves being in contact with water.

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Antioxidant Activity Sonneratia caseolaris Leaves Extract at Different Maturity Stages

Journal of Marine and Coastal Science ◽

10.20473/jmcs.v8i3.21163 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 130

Author(s):

Winarti Winarti ◽

Boedi Setya Rahardja ◽

Sudarno Sudarno

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Heart Attack ◽

Total Content ◽

Reactive Component ◽

Mature Leaves ◽

Maturity Stages ◽

Sonneratia Caseolaris ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Ic50 Values

Free radical is a reactive component because it has one or more electrons. Free radical is very dangerous for our body because it can cause degenerative diseases, such as cancer, heart attack, and aging. Cancer and heart attack are one of the most killer disease. All we can do to decrease the free radical effect is consume antioxidant. S. caseolaris leaves has antioxidant activity, but it has known yet which stage of maturity is the best one for produce the highest antioxidant activity. This purpose of this research is knowing the influence between maturity and antioxidant activity at different maturity stages. This method of this research is experimental with Completely Randomized Design. The treatment in this research is vitamin C, fresh leaves in ethanol 96% extract, young leaves in ethanol 96% extract, and mature leaves in ethanol 96% extract. The main parameter of this research is IC50 values and the secondary parameters are total content of phytochemical in every extract. Data analysis using descriptive method with 4 treatments and five replications. The result of this research show that the maturity has influence in antioxidant activity. Inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) values of shoot leaves extract, young leaves extract and mature leaves extract is 12.0013 ppm, 13.9915 ppm and 14.6613 ppm. All of them are called antioxidant which has very strong activities. The highest phytochemical compound is found on shoot leaves extract with ethanol 96% solvent.

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ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND CYTOTOXIC OF N-hexane AND METHANOL EXTRACT FROM MANGO LEAVES (Mangifera indica L.)

INDONESIA NATURAL RESEARCH PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL ◽

10.52447/inspj.v5i2.4228 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 124-134

Author(s):

Vina Juliana Anggraeni

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Mango Leaves

Telah dilakukan uji antioksidan dan sitotoksik terhadap ekstrak n-heksana dan metanol daun mangga (Mangifera indica L.). Daun mangga diekstrak menggunakan metode maserasi bertingkat menggunakan 2 pelarut yang berbeda yaitu pelarut n-heksana dan metanol. Hasil maserasi dipekatkan kemudian diuji aktivitas antioksidan dan sitotoksiknya. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode spektrometri dengan pereaksi DPPH dan pembandingnya berupa vitamin C. Sedangkan untuk uji sitotoksik menggunakan metode BLST. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan kedua ekstrak memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan sitotoksik. Pada ekstrak metanol diperoleh IC50 sebesar 13,54 ppm dan LC50 sebesar 260,07 ppm. Sedangkan pada ekstrak n-heksana diperoleh IC50 sebesar 730,03 ppm dan LC50 sebesar 711,73 ppm. Untuk standar DPPH menggunakan vitamin C dengan IC50 sebesar 5.13 ppm. Aktivitas antioksidan dan sitotoksik ekstrak metanol lebih kuat dibandingkan dengan esktrak n-heksana.

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Orgyia postica. [Distribution map].

Distribution Maps of Plant Pests ◽

10.1079/dmpp/20066600605 ◽

2000 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Papua New Guinea ◽

Theobroma Cacao ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Ryukyu Archipelago ◽

Distribution Map ◽

Brunei Darussalam ◽

New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Orgyia postica (Walker) Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae Attacks cocoa (Theobroma cacao), tea (Camellia sinensis), coffee (Coffea spp.), soyabean (Glycine max), rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), mango (Mangifera indica), grapevine (Vitis vinifera) and other crops. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, China, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hong Kong, Yunnan, India, Kerala, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Indonesia, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Japan, Ryukyu Archipelago, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, OCEANIA, Papua New Guinea.

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