Telecommunications Interception in Turkey

2011 ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melike Akkaraca Köse
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Perception Of Threat ◽  
Deep State ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Conditions Of Possibility ◽  
Power Application

The paper discusses telecommunication interceptions in Turkey as a state surveilling itself as well as its citizens. While surveillance of state officials including the judiciary indicates a perception of threat from inside the state, these perceptions overlap with the ‘deep state’ phenomenon in Turkey. Despite the 2005 legal reforms which introduce strict legal standards for communications surveillance, current political developments reveal that wiretapping remains as a commonly used micro-power application. The paper, by utilizing Foucault’s theory, aims to uncover the ‘conditions of possibility’ for the use of this disciplinary technique in Turkey with a certain focus on the actual power relations and discourses of truth.

Telecommunications Interception in Turkey

Cyber Crime ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 790-813
Author(s):  
Melike Akkaraca Köse
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Perception Of Threat ◽  
Deep State ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Conditions Of Possibility ◽  
Power Application

The paper discusses telecommunication interceptions in Turkey as a state surveilling itself as well as its citizens. While surveillance of state officials including the judiciary indicates a perception of threat from inside the state, these perceptions overlap with the ‘deep state’ phenomenon in Turkey. Despite the 2005 legal reforms which introduce strict legal standards for communications surveillance, current political developments reveal that wiretapping remains as a commonly used micro-power application. The paper, by utilizing Foucault’s theory, aims to uncover the ‘conditions of possibility’ for the use of this disciplinary technique in Turkey with a certain focus on the actual power relations and discourses of truth.

Legal principles of regulation of state gender policy in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Perevalova ◽  
Ganna Gariaieva
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
The State ◽  
International Norms ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Gender Policy ◽  
Legal Standards

Problem setting. Gender policy today is one of the decisive factors in building civil society, reaching consensus between different branches of government, the successful implementation of democratic reforms in Ukraine, its integration into the European Union. The observance of gender equality in the state demonstrates how civilized and democratic it is. The purpose of this article is a general study of the main directions of state gender policy, analysis of international norms in the field of gender equality and compliance of current Ukrainian legislation with international legal standards. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Issues of legal support for gender equality in Ukraine are studied by scientists in various aspects, as indicated by the scientific works of Kobelyanska L., Hrytsyak N., Hrytsai I., Grabovska I., Melnyk T., Honyukova L., Pedchenko N., Kresina I. and others. Article’s main body. However, some aspects related to further improvement of the state gender policy, bringing the current legislation in line with international and regional legal standards remain unresolved. The implementation of these tasks has not only theoretical but also significant practical significance and, accordingly, requires further research. Problems of studying the state policy of Ukraine in the field of gender equality remain relevant, as evidenced by the analysis of international norms and current Ukrainian legislation in the field of equality of rights of men and women, elimination of all forms of discrimination against women, combating domestic violence. The article considers both the positive and negative aspects of the state gender policy; the necessity of further improvement of the current legislation, bringing it in line with international legal standards, which is especially important in connection with the European integration processes of Ukraine, is substantiated. Conclusions and prospects for development. Thus, it should be noted that gender policy remains an important area of public policy, but unfortunately, despite significant advances in gender equality, public policy is reduced to such separate areas as assistance to families with children, social protection of women, protection of women in sphere of labor, etc. These areas of state social policy are very important, but they are not exhaustive. In addition, the legal framework for state gender policy needs to be further improved. Not all legal documents are perfect, unambiguous and can be fully applied in practice and therefore need further refinement. The Law on Ensuring Equal Rights and Opportunities for Women and Men, adopted in 2005, needs to be updated because it does not meet modern needs. In addition, Ukraine lacks a National Strategy in the field of gender equality, which would promote the further development of the principle of gender integration in all spheres and branches of public administration. The problem of equal rights for women and men in a democratic society is proclaimed as one of the main tasks in solving today’s social problems.

scholarly journals Nós, o outro e os outros: a constituição multiétnica capixaba no caldeirão cultural do Espírito Santo, Brasil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Dadalto ◽  
Luis Fernando Beneduzi
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
European Immigrants ◽  
The Government ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Lebanese Immigrants ◽  
Political Actions

This paper aims to analyse the multiethnic constitution of Espírito Santo starting from the report book Encontro das Raças, published in 1997 by the journalist Rogério Medeiros. The book presents interviews with narratives of European immigrants and descendants – Pomeranians, Dutch, Italians, Polish, German, Tyrolean, and Swiss. During its historical, socio-cultural and demographic constitution, Espírito Santo also counted with the participation of Syrian and Lebanese immigrants – in the 19th and early 20th centuries – and Asians, as well as national migrants. Medeiros also discusses and presents narratives of the descendants of Africans, Indians and Portuguese who constitute the first matrix of miscegenation of the capixaba people. The purpose of the present study is to reflect on this relationship that Medeiros calls the “Meeting of the Races” from a perspective of the sense of belonging and power relations established between these various ethnic groups settled in the state from 1847, when the government of the province sought alternatives to transform Espírito Santo economically and initiated, through political actions, the process of installing European immigrants in its lands.

scholarly journals ЕКОНОМІКА ЗНАНЬ: СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ПЕРЕШКОДИ НА ШЛЯХУ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
А. С. Машкіна
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
The Social

Developed economies of individual states are becoming an example and set the pace of development for others. Countries that are now leading the way have brought people to the forefront with their spiritual, human and intellectual qualities. Ukraine has not yet taken this experience and goes in the opposite direction, devaluing all kinds of relations in the state. The purpose of the research is to highlight the state of the organization of interaction of the population with all branches of power in order to understand and identify the steps towards the development of the knowledge economy. The object of research is the social complex of living conditions of the population of Ukraine, as the basis for the formation of value orientations of the knowledge economy. The methods used of the research were the practical side of the built relationship between the population and authorities at all levels. The hypothesis of the research is the idea that everyone should take his worthy place to shift a car called State in the direction of improving the quality of social relations, which will serve to increase the economic component. The statement of basic materials. To date, the state of interaction and communication with government is striking by the depreciation and neglect of moral, ethical and legal standards. The incompetence of the authorities and the high corruption of all structures leads to disruption of relations between all segments of the population. The great anti-social orientation of many laws and reforms does not allow a citizen to develop and realize his potential, as the consciousness of more than half of the population has mastered a single opinion – how to survive. The originality and practical significance of the research. To achieve economic growth and the implementation of large-scale innovation, you need to start with radical changes in the social plane. The proposed steps will improve the relations between the people and the authorities, establish dialogue and restore confidence in the state apparatus. Conclusions of the research. Based on this study, we can understand that we need to radically revise the relations between the population and the authorities and to be guided by common sense when making decisions that can harm another person

Combating corruption in customs authorities in the context of ensuring the efficiency of public governance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lipentsev ◽  
O. Voytyk ◽  
N. Maziy
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Wide Range

Problem setting. The system of public administration is a complex set of related elements and entities that interact with each other, so the manifestation of negative corruption minimizes the possibility of achieving positive results in the process of these communications. Special attention should be paid to the functioning of the customs system, which is an important part of the national economy of Ukraine. In this area, corruption abuses are extremely pronounced, given the peculiarities of the customs industry. This problem is acute and urgent, as its existence causes the progression of those negative phenomena that are currently present in the customs system of Ukraine and reduce the effectiveness of public administration in general.Recent research and publications analysis. The issue of corruption in the context of public administration is the subject of research by many scientists: V. Averyanov, O. Antonova, V. Bashtannyk, Y. Bytyak, I. Borodin, A. Vasyliev, I. Golosnichenko, E. Dodin, L. Koval, V. Kolpakov, A. Komzyuk, N. Lypovska, V. Olefir, O. Ostapenko, I. Pakhomov, O. Petrenko, S. Seryogin, I. Khozhylo, V. Shamray, H. Yarmaki etc. Given the wide range of researchers who study the specifics of corruption in the context of public administration, it is worth noting the significant gaps in the assessment of this issue from a sectoral perspective. In particular, it should be noted the great need to study corruption in customs and find ways to minimize this shameful phenomenon in modern conditions.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The need to analyze corruption processes in the customs authorities and substantiate offers for anti-corruption actions in the field of public administration led to the choice of the topic of the article.Paper main body. Corruption in the general sense can be defined as the illegal activity of persons called to perform the functions of the state, in the form of misuse of their powers in order to obtain benefits by increasing their material wealth, obtaining illegal services or benefits.Global trends indicate the presence of corruption in all countries, so this issue is a priority in solving all spheres of life, both developed and developing countries. In particular, public administration of European countries in the political, informational, institutional and legal context is aimed at combating corruption. To this end, there are such institutions common to EU countries as Greco, the Venice Commission, Olaf, Eurojust, Europol and others. At the interstate level, they coordinate and provide information and analytical support for anti-corruption measures, develop common legal standards in the form of community regulations.In the field of public administration, there is a sufficient legal resource on the basis of which it is possible to ensure anti-corruption policy in the state and, in particular, in the customs sphere. However, the customs system is characterized by a wide range of unresolved issues related to corruption abuses. Accordingly, there is a need to develop offers for overcoming and preventing corruption: development and implementation in the practice of customs authorities of methodological recommendations relating to their employees and aimed at resolving conflicts related to corruption; observance by customs officers of relevant ethical norms, which must harmonize with anti-corruption activities; effective application of responsibility to those guilty of corruption and comprehensive implementation of measures aimed at combating corruption; clear identification of those responsible for corruption in areas where there is a high risk of such abuses; regulation of procedures aimed at preventing corruption of customs officers in the performance of their official duties.Anti-corruption in customs authorities in the context of ensuring the effectiveness of public administration should include the implementation of the following measures: development of conceptual foundations of anti-corruption policy in the customs sphere; adopt a Code of Ethics for Customs Officers in accordance with the needs of anti-corruption policy; effective implementation of the principle of equality before the law in the context of reducing corruption; ensuring equal responsibility for corrupt actions not only for individuals but also for legal entities; ensure the absence of immunity from corrupt practices for officials, including senior executives; delimit the powers of bodies engaged in anti-corruption activities; to intensify the public to combat corruption; wide informing of the public about cases of corruption in customs bodies.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The problem of corruption in public authorities is a long-standing and painful issue in Ukraine. This problem is especially acute in the activities of customs authorities, as their activities are directly related to foreign economic activity, significant flows of goods and flows of financial resources across the customs border of the state. In turn, this is a direct threat to the country’s national security. Given the fact that Ukraine ranks relatively low in global rankings on the existence of corruption abuses, it is necessary to take decisive measures to reduce the manifestations of this phenomenon, in particular, in the customs authorities.

Iroquois Food Diplomacy in the Revolutionary North

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-64
Author(s):  
Rachel B. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
American Revolution ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
The Face ◽  
State Of Power ◽  
American Army

This chapter details how Indians used hunger to fight back. During the summer of 1779, the rebel American army mounted a devastating victual-warfare campaign, known today as the Sullivan Campaign, against Britain's Iroquois allies. Two major related changes occurred after the expedition. First, British descriptions of Iroquois hunger by the 1780s allowed most officials to envision Indians as useful mouths who could overlook hunger while also requiring more provisions. This altered perception of Iroquois hunger created a second change: a reworking of Iroquoian food diplomacy into something more violent than its previous iterations. Iroquoian food diplomacy in the American Revolution was constituted, in part, by mutual fasting—a policy the Indians sometimes had to enforce through the use of aggression. This diplomacy took Indian requests for certain types of provisions into account, obliging non-Natives to go out of their way to accommodate Native tastes. The American Revolution ravaged Indian communities, including Iroquois ones, but, during the war, changing British perceptions of hungry Indians allowed the Iroquois to challenge the state of power relations at a time when contemporaries assumed they were powerless in the face of crop destruction and land losses. Iroquois abilities to ignore and endure hunger made it impossible for their British allies to think of them as useless mouths.

Push Comes to Shove

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Stephen Skowronek ◽  
John A. Dearborn ◽  
Desmond King
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
The State ◽  
Support Networks ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Deep State ◽  
Good Government

This chapter introduces the main themes of the book. It situates the concepts of the Deep State and the unitary executive in the politics of the Trump presidency. When President Trump employed the term “Deep State,” he envisioned a duly elected leader hindered in the pursuit of his political priorities by an entrenched officialdom and their extensive support networks arrayed. Americans are predisposed to be wary of the state, and the specter of a Deep State is a national nightmare. President Trump invoked this image to strengthen the case for an executive branch unified and hierarchically controlled by the president. But for defenders of steady management, the presence of trained public servants is a necessary means to implementing knowledge-based public policy, guarding against hasty and arbitrary impositions, and ensuring that checks and balances work. The Deep State and the unitary executive are phantom twins, symptoms of two different conceptions of good government in contemporary America.

‘Everywhere and nowhere’: interventions and services under austerity

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-290
Author(s):  
Stephen Crossley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Service Users ◽  
The Public ◽  
It Systems ◽  
New Information ◽  
Access Services

This chapter explains how austerity has led to an increasingly fragmented and disparate economy and geography of welfare. These changes have affected people's ability to access services, leaving some of them isolated and excluded from activities that they previously enjoyed. The chapter then questions the use of new information technology (IT) systems and the related expansion of cybernetic relations to register, administer, manage, and target some of the most vulnerable members of society. It argues that these virtual systems emerge as a way of dealing with cases that need physical and in-depth contact in the context of austerity budgets rather than a tested way of pooling information to save lives. This argument suggests that they can also be a way to exclude service users from decision-making about their entitlement and ultimately their lives, reconfiguring the power relations between the public and the state.

Thinking the Commons through Ostrom and Butler: Boundedness and Vulnerability

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 55-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Velicu ◽  
Gustavo García-López
Keyword(s):  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
Technical Management ◽  
Multiple Exposures ◽  
Management Of Resources ◽  
The World ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Conditions Of Possibility ◽  
Ambiguous Effect

In this paper we propose an ‘undisciplinary’ meeting between Elinor Ostrom and Judith Butler, with the intent to broaden the theory of the commons by discussing it as a relational politics. We use Butler’s theory of power to problematize existing visions of commons, shifting from Ostrom’s ‘bounded rationality’ to Butler’s concepts of ‘bounded selves’ and mutual vulnerability. To be bounded – as opposed to autonomous being – implies being an (ambiguous) effect of socio-power relations and norms that are often beyond control. Thus, to be a collective of bounded selves implies being mutually vulnerable in power relations which are enabling, albeit injurious. A politics of commoning is not a mere technical management of resources (in space) but a struggle to perform common livable relations (in time). We argue that the multiple exposures which produce us are also the conditions of possibility for more just and equalitarian ‘re-commoning’ of democracies around the world.

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