Trusting Technological Actors

2010 ◽  
pp. 35-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Shank
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Sociological Literature ◽  
Timely Topic ◽  
Research Studies

This chapter sets forth a theoretical foundation for studying trust toward technological actors as social actors using sociological research in structure and cultural sentiments. The introduction considers how modern intelligent technologies make human-technology trust a relevant and timely topic, while the background section reviews humans’ social interaction with technology. Using social structure and cultural sentiments the author constructs four propositions about trusting technological actors. Two empirical research studies illustrate the cultural sentiment propositions showing trust in technological actors and violation of trust in computers. Throughout the chapter the author connects the sociological literature with everyday examples before providing grounded propositions that would be appropriate foundations for research in multiple disciplines.

Amalgamated territorial hromadas as new local communities in Ukraine: mechanisms of social cohesion formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
O. Deineko
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Legislative Procedure

The article is dedicated to the systematic analysis of the peculiarities of the formation and functioning of amalgamated territorial communities in Ukraine as new local social communities. Analyzing the legislative procedure of amalgamation, the author distinguishes the essential features of amalgamated territorial communities that are different from other settlement communities. Within the framework of this investigation, the newly amalgamated hromadas appear as a “second-order” phenomenon, which is a socio-legal construct that is formed in a consensual manner and on a voluntary reciprocal basis. Basing on the analysis of qualitative sociological research data the author demonstrates the importance of the functioning of reciprocity mechanisms at the level of orientations and practices of all social actors involved in the procedure of territorial communities amalgamation. It is illustrated that the "failure" of reciprocity mechanisms contributes to the change of merger scenarios, causes the postponement of this process and the emergence of conflict situations. The paper substantiates that the legislative procedure of territorial communities amalgamation intensifies the formation of social capital and the establishment of a new civic social order. The special, different social status of amalgamated territorial communities in comparison with other settlement communities is explained by the emergence of the phenomenon of social cohesion, the mechanisms of activation of which are contained in the legislative order of territorial communities amalgamation. It is concluded that an important theoretical basis for the sociological conceptualization of ATC is the concept of reciprocity, which explains the mechanism of successful amalgamation, which is facilitated by the attitudes and practices of reciprocity of all involved social actors. According to the author’s point of view, the sociological synthesis of spatial and activity approaches to the analysis of social communities within the framework of sociological conceptualization of united territorial communities is considered heuristic. The synthesis of these approaches emphasizes both the importance of the spatial context of interactions emergence and reproduction, and their essential functionality in the formation and reproduction of hromada social order.

L'interprete fra culture, societŕ ed economie: un'indagine demografica

2009 ◽  
pp. 73-119
Author(s):  
Alessandra Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Market Penetration ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
The North

- The purpose is to contribute to related sociological research since it seems to be very limited (from the early 1960s), to clarify the role of interpreters as social actors and to represent the corresponding labour market, trying to overcome the idea of interpretation as mechanicalexercise. The theoretical part is concentrated on the history and on parameters reflecting the present rules governing this activity. Some preceding sociological research have been included to illustrate the main themes explored in the past. The practical part aims to explain the structure of the labour market and social conditions of interpreters in Italy. The author finds a feminization of the profession and confirms the growing relevance of English and community interpreting. Professional skills strengthen together with the demand for the simultaneous mode, causing difficult market penetration. The economic crisis and competition boost unfair practices (above all in the North). Nevertheless the profession is highly followed.

M. Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-165
Author(s):  
Noémie Laurens
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Research Studies

This chapter illustrates meta-analysis, which is a specific type of literature review, and more precisely a type of research synthesis, alongside traditional narrative reviews. Unlike in primary research, the unit of analysis of a meta-analysis is the results of individual studies. And unlike traditional reviews, meta-analysis only applies to: empirical research studies with quantitative findings hat are conceptually comparable and configured in similar statistical forms. What further distinguishes meta-analysis from other research syntheses is the method of synthesizing the results of studies — i.e. the use of statistics and, in particular, of effect sizes. An effect size represents the degree to which the phenomenon under study exists.

The Treasure Trove

2011 ◽  
pp. 341-342
Author(s):  
Andrea Edmundson
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Learning Objects ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
Cultural Challenges ◽  
Treasure Trove ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Research Studies

Referring back to Gert Jan Hofstede’s words in the Foreword, we have a treasure-trove of ideas and concepts to sort through with respect to globalized e-learning cultural challenges. In this book, we have referenced seminal research studies on cultural influences and dimensions, speculated on their potential impact on e-learning, and reviewed examples of empirical research and observations of these cultural challenges. We have explored the potential ramifications of Western-based theories being promulgated in non-Western cultures. We have addressed fresh ideas about the interactions between culture and e-learning, such as paralanguage and cultural learning objects. In addition, we have heard from learners themselves. Lastly, authors have proposed new ways to analyze and/or adapt e-learning for other cultures, based on logical presumptions, on our current experiences, and on existing research.

scholarly journals Understanding Individual Voluntary Giving as a Practice: Implications for Regional Arts Organisations in the UK

Sociology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-88
Author(s):  
Caroline Moraes ◽  
Athanasia Daskalopoulou ◽  
Isabelle Szmigin
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Voluntary Giving ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Uk

This research examines individual voluntary giving as an integrative practice. Our research speaks to the new funding challenges traversing the British arts sector. Historically reliant on government funds, increasingly regional non-profit arts organisations must diversify their income sources and target a range of voluntary givers. By drawing on practice theories and interpretive qualitative data, we illuminate how giving understandings, procedures and engagements interconnect and interact, coming together in ways that lead to specific giving choices that prioritise cause-based charities over the arts. In doing so, we make two original contributions towards existing sociological research on voluntary giving. First, we transform and broaden the scope of empirical research by conceptualising voluntary giving as an integrative practice. Second, we offer a lens through which to investigate and explicate shared social processes, mechanisms and acts that traverse structures and individuals, co-construing and reproducing voluntary giving patterns.

scholarly journals Class Concepts and Stratification Research in Slovenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-662
Author(s):  
Anton Kramberger ◽  
Miroslav Stanojević
Keyword(s):  
Regime Change ◽  
Process Approach ◽  
Labor Process ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Marxist Tradition ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Research Studies

This article deals with the concept of class and class analysis in sociological research in the last few decades in Slovenia. It reveals the specific reasons for the relatively marginal role of this sort of analysis before and especially after 1990. First, it lists a selection of the key class and stratification studies during the communist era. Second, it describes the class and stratification studies that occurred before and around the regime change (1980–1991). Third, it describes a number of stratification research studies after 1991 (to the present), with many international components. The research efforts of a few influential research groups in Slovenia that have engaged in class and stratification studies, following special approaches, are presented and commented on: the Marxist tradition, a Bourdieuian approach focusing on symbolic discourse, and a structurally based labor process approach. In the conclusion, both a substantive and methodological account of relative achievements in the field are offered.

Critique of Recent Empirical Research on Insight and Symptomatology in Schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Schwartz ◽  
Jobie L. Skaggs ◽  
Suni Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Studies

During the past decade there has been a resurgence of interest in investigating the relationship between insight and symptomatology among clients with schizophrenia. The breadth and depth of the articles have dramatically increased over the past 10 years, including the number of empirical research studies. This article summarizes the strengths and limitations of the empirical research focused on the association between insight and severity of psychotic symptoms and published between 1990 and 1999.

scholarly journals How do you define a family lawyer?

Legal Studies ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Piper
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Family Law ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Parental Responsibility ◽  
Client Care ◽  
Modern Family ◽  
Research Studies

Family law has not only become a specialism in its own right, but family law practitioners have claimed for themselves special characteristics. This article reviews the attributes and skills to which the legal profession, and particularly the solicitors branch, aspires. It notes that the ‘specialist’ forms of client care and case management, familiarity with rules and procedures and a conciliatory approach are not unique to family lawyering. Family lawyers also require themselves to have knowledge of ‘non-law’ matters, especially those relating to the welfare of children. On reviewing recent empirical research studies about the work of solicitors, the article asserts that, for family lawyers, non-law norms control their practice and form the framework for a very particular type of client care. The article then goes on to examine - by using research on solicitors attitudes to the ‘meaning’ of the concept of parental responsibility - how practitioners cope with the tensions inherent in modern family legislation. It concludes that solicitors in practice convey policy messages rather than clear messages about legal rights and remedies.

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