Four Fundamental Principles to Enhance Police Performance and Community Safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 231-245
Author(s):  
Eamonn Arble ◽  
Bengt B. Arnetz
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Community Safety ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Police Performance ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Police Leadership ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies

Reviewing the preceding 14 chapters from both researchers and law enforcement personnel, the editors identify four cross-cutting and fundamental principles that must be met to create law enforcement agencies and members that have the capacity to deliver high-performance policing within a framework of community safety, trust, and equity. The four identified principles are as follows: 1) police training should embrace an evidence-based philosophy, 2) police departments should utilize technology effectively and judiciously, 3) police training should emphasize justice and community relations, and 4) police leadership should embrace a culture of accountability. Each of these principles is discussed and explored.

Motivations for Police Support of Domestic Violence Response Team Implementation With Advocates

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780122093082
Author(s):  
Laura Johnson ◽  
Elisheva Davidoff ◽  
Abigail R. DeSilva
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Perceived Benefits ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Serious Crime ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Domestic Violence Organizations

In New Jersey, collaboration between police departments and advocates from domestic violence organizations is mandated by state policy, which requires law enforcement agencies to participate in domestic violence response teams (DVRTs). The purpose of this study is to examine factors that motivate police officers to implement DVRT. Twenty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted with DVRT coordinators and domestic violence liaison police officers. Findings suggest that police motivation for implementing the intervention is often influenced by perceived benefits to police response and investigation, perceived benefits to victims, the need to comply with mandates, and recognition of domestic violence as a serious crime.

The Criminal Law and Law Enforcement Implications of Big Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 293-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Brayne
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Legal Responses

Law enforcement agencies increasingly use big data analytics in their daily operations. This review outlines how police departments leverage big data and new surveillant technologies in patrol and investigations. It distinguishes between directed surveillance—which involves the surveillance of individuals and places under suspicion—and dragnet surveillance—which involves suspicionless, unparticularized data collection. Law enforcement's adoption of big data analytics far outpaces legal responses to the new surveillant landscape. Therefore, this review highlights open legal questions about data collection, suspicion requirements, and police discretion. It concludes by offering suggestions for future directions for researchers and practitioners.

Design Considerations in the Proliferation of Police Body-Worn Cameras

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Joel Suss ◽  
Alexis Raushel ◽  
Adam Armijo ◽  
Brian White
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Automatic Detection ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Concealed Weapons

More and more police departments are equipping their officers with body-worn cameras. To maximize the utility of body cams, designers have considered issues such as camera-mounting position, camera-mount stability, methods of activation, and data transfer methods. The human factors/ergonomics community can make important contributions to the design of body-worn cameras and identify and address issues that could arise from the introduction of new technologies (e.g., biometric identification and automatic detection of concealed weapons). Engaging with this ever-expanding technology will benefit law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve and protect.

De-Policing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Rushin ◽  
Griffin Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Mandated Reform ◽  
External Regulation ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Growing Pains ◽  
Law Enforcement Leaders

102 Cornell Law Review 721 (2017)Critics have long claimed that when the law regulates police behavior it inadvertently reduces officer aggressiveness, thereby increasing crime. This hypothesis has taken on new significance in recent years as prominent politicians and law enforcement leaders have argued that increased oversight of police officers in the wake of the events in Ferguson, Missouri has led to an increase in national crime rates. Using a panel of American law enforcement agencies and difference-in-difference regression analyses, this Article tests whether the introduction of public scrutiny or external regulation is associated with changes in crime rates. To do this, this Article relies on an original dataset of all police departments that have been subject to federally mandated reform under 42 U.S.C. § 14141 — the most invasive form of modern American police regulation. This Article finds that the introduction of § 14141 regulation was associated with a statistically significant uptick in some crime rates, relative to unaffected municipalities. This uptick in crime was concentrated in the years immediately after federal intervention and diminished over time. This finding suggests that police departments may expe- rience growing pains when faced with external regulation.

A Forensic-as-a-Service Delivery Platform for Law Enforcement Agencies

2013 ◽  
pp. 313-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Marturana ◽  
Simone Tacconi ◽  
Giuseppe F. Italiano
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Service Delivery Platform

With the global diffusion of cybercrime, the ever-growing market penetration of high-performance and low-cost personal digital devices, and the commercial success of cloud computing, the area of digital forensics is faced with various new challenges that must be taken seriously. In this chapter, the authors describe a novel approach to digital investigations based on the emerging “Forensics as a Service” (FaaS) model. This model attempts to optimize Law Enforcement Agency’s (LEA) forensic procedures, reduce complexity, and save operational costs. Inspired by previous work on distributed computing for forensic analysis, this chapter provides the reader with design guidelines of a FaaS platform for secure service delivery. The proposed FaaS platform should be able to support investigators and practitioners in their daily tasks (e.g. digital evidence examination, analysis, and reporting) once implemented by a cloud forensic provider or internally by a LEA. In this chapter, the authors also present the architecture components, interfaces, communication protocols, functional and non-functional requirements, as well as security specifications of the proposed framework in detail.

Evidence‐based solution to information sharing between law enforcement agencies

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl Plecas ◽  
Amanda V. McCormick ◽  
Jason Levine ◽  
Patrick Neal ◽  
Irwin M. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies

Racial Discrimination in Urban Police Departments

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Rafky
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Predominantly White ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Principal Finding ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Emotional Issue

The highly emotional issue of racial discrimination in hiring by law enforcement agencies is examined. Circumstances that make this topic both salient and problematic are discussed, and a conceptual model is presented which outlines barriers to the em ployment of blacks in predominantly white police departments. Barriers are classified according to purpose (whether intentional or unintentional) and location (within the individual police officer, the law enforcement organization, or other social institution). The literature concerning all these obstacles is reviewed and data are presented which bear on one phase of this model—namely, barriers that are unintentional and departmental. The principal finding is that white officers, irrespective of racial beliefs, are un willing to relinquish certain role behaviors to black officers.

scholarly journals Modest beginnings, high hopes: The Western Cape Police Ombudsman

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Lukas Muntingh
Keyword(s):  
Cape Town ◽  
National Government ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Community Safety ◽  
First Year ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Mandated Reporting ◽  
Police Performance ◽  
Reporting Requirements ◽  
Police Community Relations

In 2013 the Western Cape legislature passed the Western Cape Community Safety Act (WCCSA) to improve monitoring of and oversight over the police. One creation of the WCCSA is the Western Cape Police Ombudsman, which became operational in 2015. This article reviews its history and context, as well as results from its first year. The Police Ombudsman, the only one in the country, must be seen as one of the results of efforts by the opposition-held province to carve out more powers in the narrowly defined constitutional space, and in so doing to exercise more effective oversight and monitoring of police performance, and improve police–community relations. The Ombudsman must also be seen against the backdrop of poor police–community relations in Cape Town and the subsequent establishment of a provincial commission of inquiry into the problem, a move that was opposed by the national government, contesting its constitutionality. Results from the Ombudsman’s first 18 months in operation are modest, but there are promising signs. Nonetheless, the office is small and it did not do itself any favours by not complying with its legally mandated reporting requirements.

scholarly journals Police Training in Practice: Organization and Delivery According to European Law Enforcement Agencies

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisanne Kleygrewe ◽  
Raôul R. D. Oudejans ◽  
Matthijs Koedijk ◽  
R. I. (Vana) Hutter
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Training ◽  
European Law ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Personal Learning ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Administrative Structures ◽  
Available Resources

Police training plays a crucial role in the development of police officers. Because the training of police officers combines various educational components and is governed by organizational guidelines, police training is a complex, multifaceted topic. The current study investigates training at six European law enforcement agencies and aims to identify strengths and challenges of current training organization and practice. We interviewed a total of 16 police instructors and seven police coordinators with conceptual training tasks. A thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006; Terry et al., 2017) was conducted and results organized in the two main themes evident across all six law enforcement agencies: organization of training and delivery of training. Results show that governmental structures and police executive boards are seen as the primary authorities that define the training framework in which police instructors operate. These administrative structures regulate distant and immediate resources, such as available training time, training facilities, equipment, and personnel. Within the confines of available resources and predetermined training frameworks, results indicate that police instructors thoroughly enjoy teaching, creating supportive and motivating learning environments, and applying their personal learning perspectives to training. Nonetheless, police instructors are critical of the level of training they are able to achieve with the available resources.

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