The Problem of Misinformation and Fake News

2022 ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
Ahmed Maher Khafaga Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Other Information

People seek information as a part of their daily routine. However, seeking information should be associated with a degree of caution. Not all information published in traditional and online media is credible and can be trusted, as many information outlets do not filter the information shared. People need to understand that fake news and misinformation might pose a significant danger to their safety. This chapter discusses misinformation and fake news that are shared on social media and other information outlets. The author represents some of the issues related to misinformation, fake news, and their impact on the communities, organizations, and governments.

scholarly journals Detection of FAKE NEWS on SOCIAL MEDIA using CLASSIFICATION Data Mining Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3132-3138
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Mining ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Other Information

In today’s world social media is one of the most important tool for communication that helps people to interact with each other and share their thoughts, knowledge or any other information. Some of the most popular social media websites are Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp and Wechat etc. Since, it has a large impact on people’s daily life it can be used a source for any fake or misinformation. So it is important that any information presented on social media should be evaluated for its genuineness and originality in terms of the probability of correctness and reliability to trust the information exchange. In this work we have identified the features that can be helpful in predicting whether a given Tweet is Rumor or Information. Two machine learning algorithm are executed using WEKA tool for the classification that is Decision Tree and Support Vector Machine.

scholarly journals A Review of Misinformation Across Disciplines: Implication for Online Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Huang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Online Educators

Misinformation research has grown to become a critical topic in all disciplines. Since the expanding of online media, misinformation has been spreading rapidly across the globe through social media and other information systems. Paralleling the rise of academic interest in misinformation, is the emergence of online education scholarship. Interest in the online educational implications of misinformation and its impact attracts an increase in scholarship on misinformation. This article presents the results of a review of 1172 publications with “Misinformation” across disciplines and a subset of 174 misinformation literature in online education that were published between 2009 and 2021. This review answers three questions: (1) What is the overall distribution of publication activity with "misinformation" publications? (2) What methodologies have scholars used to investigate misinformation involving online education? (3) What have scholars reported about the results of studies involving misinformation in online education? The review reveals that various methodologies were used in literature focusing on misinformation online education with leading numbers of content analysis and quantitative studies. This systematic review is particularly relevant to those online educators in various disciplines who are interested in learning what scholars from their own academic disciplines are writing about misinformation.

scholarly journals Pembuatan Video Perayaan Hari Nyepi Di Bali Dengan Teknik Motion Graphic 2 Dimensi

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Ainun Nahya Mumtahanah ◽  
Ringga Gilang Baskoro ◽  
Rian Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Audio Rendering ◽  
Motion Graphic ◽  
A Company

ABSTRACTMacroAd is a company that provides outdoor media in the form of television screens in Commuterline train cars. LINIKINI MacroAd makes online media a tool so that the programs and information presented can make the audience interested and not get bored looking at the PID screen. The strategy taken is to create content that is creative, informative, educative, and entertaining. The content produced in the form of interviews, Lifestyle, News, Quotes, Facts, Culinary, Tips, and various other information. Information presented about current places in Jabodetabek, about technology, and the agenda of the event. However, some of the information above has not yet been visualized, such as video information about holidays. So far, MacroAd LINIKINI has only shown videos of congratulations on short holidays with a short duration on social media and the Puter Commuterline screen without detailed information about the celebration. Therefore the writer makes a video celebrating Nyepi Day in Bali. This video aims to inform the audience in detail about a series of rituals celebrating Nyepi Day before, during and after the celebration. The method used in the Making of Nyepi Day Celebration Video in Bali with 2 Dimensional Motion Graphic Technique consists of 11 stages, namely concept design, device specifications, storyboarding, material collection, layout making, animation creation, audio integration, rendering, testing, revision, and distribution. This video was successfully created with the resulting duration of 2 minutes 20 seconds with a size of 82.1 MB.ABSTRAKMacroAd merupakan perusahaan yang menyediakan media luar ruang yang berbentuk layar televisi di dalam gerbong kereta Commuterline. MacroAd LINIKINI menjadikan media online sebagai alat agar program dan informasi yang disajikan dapat membuat audience tertarik dan tidak bosan melihat layar PID. Strategi yang dilakukan adalah dengan membuat konten yang kreatif, informatif, edukatif, dan menghibur. Konten-konten yang dihasilkan berupa Interview, Lifestyle, News, Quotes, Fakta, Kuliner, Tips, dan berbagai informasi lainnya. Informasi yang disajikan mengenai tempat-tempat kekinian yang berada di Jabodetabek, tentang teknologi, dan agenda acara. Namun dari beberapa informasi diatas ada yang belum divisualisasikan seperti video informasi mengenai hari-hari besar. Selama ini MacroAd LINIKINI hanya menayangkan video ucapan selamat hari besar dengan durasi yang singkat di sosial media dan layar PID Commuterline tanpa informasi secara detail tentang perayaan tersebut. Maka dari itu penulis membuat video perayaan hari nyepi di Bali. Video ini bertujuan untuk memberitahukan secara detail kepada audience tentang rangkaian ritual perayaan hari nyepi sebelum, saat, dan sesudah perayaan. Metode yang digunakan dalam Pembuatan Video Perayaan Hari Nyepi di Bali dengan Teknik Motion Graphic 2 Dimensi in terdiri dari 11 tahap yaitu perancangan konsep, spesifikasi perangkat, pembuatan storyboard, pengumpulan bahan, pembuatan layout, pembuatan animasi, penggabungan audio, rendering, pengujian, revisi, dan distribusi. Video ini berhasil dibuat dengan durasi yang dihasilkan yaitu 2 menit 20 detik dengan ukuran 82.1 MB.

scholarly journals Uso de las redes sociales en la cobertura periodística de crisis, desastres y emergencias en España = Use of social media in news media coverage of the crisis, disaster, and emergencies in Spain

2019 ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Mayo Cubero
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
The One

Resumen: El manejo de las fuentes informativas en la cobertura periodística de las crisis supone un enorme desafío para los periodistas. Esta investigación se enfoca concretamente en el uso como fuente informativa de las redes sociales oficiales (las pertenecientes a las organizaciones involucradas en la gestión de una crisis) y las no oficiales (víctimas, afectados, ciudadanos, etc.) en coberturas de emergencias y desastres. Los datos proceden de una encuesta online aplicada a los directores de los 30 medios de comunicación más relevantes de España en los cuatro soportes estudiados: televisión, radio, prensa y prensa digital. Los resultados demuestran que, en la cobertura periodística de las crisis, los periodistas confían mucho en la información de la Web oficial (Administraciones públicas, Policía, Bomberos, Protección Civil, etc.), bastante en la procedente de las redes sociales oficiales y poco en la suministrada por las RR.SS. no oficiales (víctimas, afectados, ciudadanos, etc.). De todas las redes sociales oficiales analizadas: Facebook es la que menos confianza inspira a los periodistas como fuente informativa en un contexto actual marcado por el riesgo de las fake news y la desinformación. En cuanto a la finalidad, la mayoría de los periodistas emplean la información de las redes sociales o RR.SS. para contrastar y conseguir contactos.Palabras clave: redes sociales; crisis; desastre; comunicación; fuente; confianza; medios; Twitter.Abstract: The use of sources of information in news media coverage of the crises is a huge challenge for journalists. This research focuses specifically on the use as an informative source of official social media (those belonging to organizations involved in the management of a crisis) and unofficial social media (victims, affected, citizens, etc.) in emergency and disaster coverage. The data comes from an online survey applied to the directors of the 30 most important media in Spain in the four-mass media studied: television, radio, press and online media. The results show that in journalistic coverage of crises, journalists rely a lot on the information from the official website (Public administrations, Police, Firefighters, Civil Defense, etc.), quite a bit on the one coming from the official social media and little in that provided by the unofficial social media (victims, affected, citizens, etc.). Of all the official social networks analyzed: Facebook is the one that inspires less confidence as a source for journalists, in a current context marked by the risk of fake news and misinformation. Regarding the purpose, most journalists use information from social media to verify news stories and get contacts.Keywords: social media; crisis; disaster; communication; source; trust; online media; Twitter.

scholarly journals A Review of Misinformation Across Disciplines: Implication for Online Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Huang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Online Educators

Misinformation research has grown to become a critical topic in all disciplines. Since the expanding of online media, misinformation has been spreading rapidly across the globe through social media and other information systems. Paralleling the rise of academic interest in misinformation, is the emergence of online education scholarship. Interest in the online educational implications of misinformation and its impact attracts an increase in scholarship on misinformation. This article presents the results of a review of 1172 publications with “Misinformation” across disciplines and a subset of 174 misinformation literature in online education that were published between 2009 and 2021. This review answers three questions: (1) What is the overall distribution of publication activity with "misinformation" publications? (2) What methodologies have scholars used to investigate misinformation involving online education? (3) What have scholars reported about the results of studies involving misinformation in online education? The review reveals that various methodologies were used in literature focusing on misinformation online education with leading numbers of content analysis and quantitative studies. This systematic review is particularly relevant to those online educators in various disciplines who are interested in learning what scholars from their own academic disciplines are writing about misinformation.

scholarly journals Digital Media Unequality During the 2014th Indonesian Presidential Election

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 14006
Author(s):  
Hedi Pudjo Santosa ◽  
Nurul Hasfi ◽  
Triyono Lukmantoro
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Fake News

In the internet era, a hoax is a real threat for democracy, as it spreads misleading and fake information that creats uncertain political communication. During the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, a hoax was rapidly spreading thorough social media. Morover, in Indonesian political context, a hoax construct strategically by using primordialism issue. This study uses critical discourse analysis to identify a pattern of hoax during the 2014 Indonesian presidential election, particularly to show how primordialism constructs an unequel society. The data was taken from political discussion among 8 influential Twitter accounts, two months before the election. The study found that 1) A hoax was produced by using many techniques; 2) Mainstream ‘online media’ involved in the production of the hoax, particularly by constructing sensational headline. Meanwhile, fake news commonly produced and distributed by pseudonym Twitter accounts; 3) Both hoax and fake news generally run under a mechanism of primordialism issue.

Fake News on Social Media and Adolescent’s Cognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Suraya Mansur ◽  
Nurhayani Saragih ◽  
Rajab Ritonga ◽  
Novita Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Application Analysis ◽  
Information Spread

This research aims to determine the extent to which teenagers distinguish true news from fake news and how these fake news affect adolescents’cognition. A lot of hoax information has sprung up on social media, especially during the 2019 Indonesian presidential election. The ability to check on the information spread in online media is influenced by each individual’s cognitive abilities. A person’s cognitive ability is to think rationally, including aspects of knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. This study used an explanative survey method with a quantitative positivistic paradigm. The results showed that the most influencing X variable to the Y variable was the Satire variable, which is positive and unidirectional. The Hoax variable has the most influence on cognitive abilities, even though the value is negative and not unidirectional. This means, the lower the understanding of Hoax, the higher the level of cognitive abilities.

scholarly journals Detecting Suspicious News over Social Media using Ant Colony Optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1679-1684
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Ant Colony Optimization ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Ant Colony ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Online Social Media ◽  
The People ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Social Media Platforms

The online social media platforms has become the trending as it provide the convenient and free access to users to share their day to day activities and other information. Despite the significance of these online social media platforms, there are also the people that can mislead the other by posting the fake news. These kinds of news are termed as suspicious news. Such kind of misleading news can badly affect the society. It is the way too hard to completely restrict such people from posting anything on social media. But after the detection of such activities, these posts can be removed from social media and users can be restricted from the respective platform. From the years, researchers are continuously working to detect the suspicious activities using machine learning and data mining techniques. This research work addresses the problem of suspicious news detection using the ant colony optimization based ant miner plus technique. This proposed approach is termed as ACODSN (Ant Colony Optimization for the Detection of Suspicious News). The experimentation is conducted on the dataset of FakenewsNet. The system performance is analyzed in terms of evaluation metrics of recall, precision, and f-measure.

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION IN INFLUENCING PUBLIC ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS IN A GLOBAL PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Mohammed Nasser Al-Suqri ◽  
Jamal Mattar Al Salmi ◽  
Ayida Mohamed Al Shabibi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Other Information ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Information Channels ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Role Of Information

Purpose of the Study: This study aims to identify key insights from the emerging academic literature relating to the role of information during COVID-19, especially information obtained via social media, and to consider their implications for the authorities responsible for pandemic management. Methodology: The research is based on a thematic review of 34 academic papers published during the first six months of 2020 when COVID-19 was spreading globally. Main Findings: The findings demonstrate the critical influence of information as an influence on public attitudes and behaviors in a pandemic, and the important role played by social media in the dissemination of information in this context. They highlight the problem of vast volumes of misinformation and fake news circulating on social media sites and how this can undermine efforts by the authorities to manage the pandemic. Social Implications: The research findings demonstrate the need for the authorities to utilize social media to counterbalance misinformation and fake news regarding the pandemic, but also highlight the importance of employing a range of information channels and messaging formats to effectively reach and engage all demographic groups. They suggest that key influencers including healthcare experts, high profile public figures, and social media influencers can play an important role in the dissemination of accurate and reliable information on behalf of the authorities in ways that support rather than hinder pandemic management. Originality/Novelty of the Study: Global pandemics have historically occurred only rarely and this is the first to occur in a new information environment in which people receive much of their information via the Internet and social media. A considerable number of academic papers relevant to this study were published in the first half of 2020, providing an early and unique opportunity to synthesize the key themes and findings and provide helpful insights on the use of social media and other information channels for pandemic management.

scholarly journals COVID-19-related Fake News in Social Media

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Sayeed Al-Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Slow Decrease ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Political Crime

AbstractThis study analyzes N=125 prominent fake news related to the COVID-19 pandemic spread in social media from 29 January to 11 April 2020. The five parameters of the analysis are themes, content types, sources, coverage, and intentions. First, the six major themes of fake news are health, religiopolitical, political, crime, entertainment, religious, and miscellaneous. Health-related fake news (67.2%) dominates the others. Second, the seven types of fake news contents have four main types: text, photo, audio and video, and three combined types: text & photo; text & video; and text & photo & video. More fake news takes the forms of text & video (47.2%), while the main types of content are less popular. Third, the two main sources of fake news are online media and mainstream media, where online-produced fake news (94.4%) prevails. Fourth, the main two types of coverages are international and national, and more fake news has an international connection (54.4%). Fifth, the intention of fake news has three types: positive, negative, and unknown. Most of the COVID-19-related fake news is negative (63.2%). Although fake news cases are unevenly distributed and repeatedly fluctuates during the period, a slow decrease of daily cases is noticed toward the end.

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