Digital Ethics

2022 ◽  
pp. 526-551
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Digital Ethics ◽  
Management Association ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Right Of Access

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss strategies that can be applied in the domain of cyberlaw. The chapter begins by distinguishing between ethics, morality, and law. It then focuses on the relation between ethics and digital technologies. The chapter then examines proposals for what should be included in codes of ethics as well as examples of codes of ethics for IT companies. The examples include the British Computer Society, the Association for Computer Machinery, and the Data Processing Management Association. Next, ethical codes for regulating automation, computerization, and artificial intelligence are summarized. The chapter then discusses ethical issues surrounding privacy, anonymity, and personal data, including the EU's right of access by data subjects as well as issues connected with big data. The chapter then focuses on crimes caused by digitization and the protection of intellectual property. The chapter concludes by considering recent laws of ecommerce as well as social and international legal challenges of regulating cyberspace.

scholarly journals Ethical issues in computational pathology

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2020-107024
Author(s):  
Tom Sorell ◽  
Nasir Rajpoot ◽  
Clare Verrill
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Data Ethics ◽  
Slide Image ◽  
Data Protection Law ◽  
Computational Pathology

This paper explores ethical issues raised by whole slide image-based computational pathology. After briefly giving examples drawn from some recent literature of advances in this field, we consider some ethical problems it might be thought to pose. These arise from (1) the tension between artificial intelligence (AI) research—with its hunger for more and more data—and the default preference in data ethics and data protection law for the minimisation of personal data collection and processing; (2) the fact that computational pathology lends itself to kinds of data fusion that go against data ethics norms and some norms of biobanking; (3) the fact that AI methods are esoteric and produce results that are sometimes unexplainable (the so-called ‘black box’problem) and (4) the fact that computational pathology is particularly dependent on scanning technology manufacturers with interests of their own in profit-making from data collection. We shall suggest that most of these issues are resolvable.

scholarly journals Digital Economy and Anti-Corruption: New Digital Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
E.L. Sidorenko ◽  
A.A. Lykov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Corruption Prevention

The authors of this paper consider promising areas of the corruption prevention using the latest digital technologies: Blockchain, Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence and Big Data. The purpose of this research is the analysis of advantages of the digital economy development in terms of solving social problems and crime prevention. The authors also show functional digital models of the anti-corruption compliance are defined. In addition, the research results include the determination of some shortcomings of the proposed models associated with the imperfection of the current legislation.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Opportunities of the Application of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Public Governance and Social Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
Adomas Vincas Rakšnys ◽  
Dangis Gudelis ◽  
Arvydas Guogis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Business Systems ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Data Fragmentation

This interdisciplinary article presents a concept of the 21st century and phenomena that are products of the 4th industrial revolution – big data and Artificial Intelligence technologies – as well as the opportunities of their application in public governance and social policy. This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of big data, problems of data collection, its reliability and use. Big data can be used for the analysis and modeling of phenomena relevant to public governance and social policy. Big data consist of three main types: a) historical data, b) present data with little delay, c) prognostic data for future forecasting. The following categories of big data can be defined as: a) data from social networks, b) traditional data from business systems, c) machine-generated data, such as water extraction, pollution, satellite information. The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of big data. There are big data challenges such as data security, lack of cooperation in civil service and social work, in rare situations – data fragmentation, incompleteness and erroneous issues, as well as ethical issues regarding the analysis of data and its use in social policy and social administration. Big data, covered by Artificial Intelligence, can be used in public governance and social policy by identifying “the hot spots” of various phenomena, by prognosing the meanings of variables in the future on the basis of past time rows, and by calculating the optimal motion of actions in the situations where there are possible various alternatives. The technologies of Artificial Intelligence are used more profoundly in many spheres of public policy, and in the governance of COVID-19 pandemics too. The substantial advantages of the provided big data and Artificial Intelligence are a holistic improvement of public services, possibilities of personalization, the enhancement of citizen satisfaction, the diminishing of the costs of processing expenditure, the targeting of adopted and implemented decisions, more active involvement of citizens, the feedback of the preferences of policy formation and implementation, the observation of social phenomenas in real time, and possibilities for more detailed prognosing. Challenges to security of data, necessary resources and competences, the lack of cooperation in public service, especially rare instances of data fragmentation, roughness, falseness, and ethical questions regarding data analysis and application can be evaluated as the most significant problems of using big data and Artificial Intelligence technologies. Big data and their analytics conducted using Artificial Intelligence technologies can contribute to the adequacy and objectivity of decisions in public governance and social policy, effectively curbing corruption and nepotism by raising the authority and confidence of public sector organizations in governance, which is so lacking in the modern world.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES ON THE ORGANIZATION OF ACCOUNTING OF TAX CALCULATIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Butkevich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Tax Payments ◽  
Working Plan ◽  
Tax Reporting ◽  
Cloud Technologies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Accounting Policy

The article examines the impact of digital technologies on the organization of accounting for tax payments. It is noted that this area of accounting is one of the most difficult, which determines the relevance of the study of the impact of digital technologies on the organization of accounting for tax payments. The research methodology is based on general scientific methods of cognition: logical, systemic, induction, deduction, analysis. Any company seeks to optimize their size and avoid penalties when making calculations for tax payments. However, in practice, most companies do not pay due attention to the development and implementation of the necessary procedures for optimizing tax calculations. A prerequisite for the optimal tax policy of the enterprise is a rationally developed accounting policy. Formalization of accounting policy is carried out by approving the Order on accounting policy. When forming this internal regulation, it is expedient to single out the section "Organization of accounting for settlements with the budget for tax payments", which discloses the method of accounting for calculations of a tax or fee depending on the nature and specifics of the enterprise, its industry characteristics Of the Tax Code of Ukraine. In this section of the accounting policy of the enterprise it is expedient to include the Working plan of accounts and the schedule of document flow. The final stage of the organization of the account of calculations with the budget on tax payments is drawing up of the tax reporting and its representation. At this stage, the use of digital technologies can significantly reduce the time spent on filling out the appropriate forms of tax reporting, and their submission. The main software products used by modern enterprises in the organization of accounting for tax payments include: technology Artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence), Big Data (big data), Cloud technologies and computing (cloud technology and computing), Blockchain (blockchain). The use of digital technologies in the organization of accounting for tax payments is the key to improving the tax discipline of the enterprise, which in combination with a properly designed and formalized accounting policy of the enterprise avoids the cost of fines and other financial sanctions imposed by fiscal authorities.

scholarly journals Digital Technologies for Assessing the Credit Capacity of the Bank’s Clients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Viktor Ivanovich Abramov ◽  
Azizbek Kurbonov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Credit Risks ◽  
Reducing Costs

In modern conditions of global competition and the rapid development of digital technologies, there is a need for new tools for assessing the solvency of bank customers and reducing credit risks, reducing costs and increasing the profitability of the bank. The features and prospects of using big data and predictive analytics are analyzed, theoretical aspects of using Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are considered and their advantages for banks are analyzed. The goal is to reduce the share of problem loans and quickly determine the solvency of clients.

DEVELOPMENT TENDENCIES OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Shoxida Mannonova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Effective Use

The article analyzes the features of the digital economy, the ecosystem, the effective use of digital technologies in the development of the economy and current issues in this area, as well as the necessary skills of training for the digital economy, modern professions that will be needed in the near future.Keywords:digital economy, big data, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, quantum technologies, Internet of things, ecosystem, personnel, professional skills, skilled labor, businessmodels, joint educational programs

GDPR vs. Big Data & AI in FinTechs

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Nermin Varmaz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Spending Patterns ◽  
General Data ◽  
Initial Processing

Summary: This article addresses the compliance of the use of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) by FinTechs with European data protection principles. FinTechs are increasingly replacing traditional credit institutions and are becoming more important in the provision of financial services, especially by using AI and Big Data. The ability to analyze a large amount of different personal data at high speed can provide insights into customer spending patterns, enable a better understanding of customers, or help predict investments and market changes. However, once personal data is involved, a collision with all basic data protection principles stipulated in the European General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) arises, mostly due to the fact that Big Data and AI meet their overall objectives by processing vast data that lies beyond their initial processing purposes. The author shows that within this ratio, pseudonymization can prove to be a privacy-compliant and thus preferable alternative for the use of AI and Big Data while still enabling FinTechs to identify customer needs. Zusammenfassung: Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit der Vereinbarkeit der Nutzung von Big Data und Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) durch FinTechs mit den europäischen Datenschutzgrundsätzen. FinTechs ersetzen zunehmend traditionelle Kreditinstitute und gewinnen bei der Bereitstellung von Finanzdienstleistungen an Bedeutung, insbesondere durch die Nutzung von KI und Big Data. Die Fähigkeit, eine große Menge unterschiedlicher personenbezogener Daten in hoher Geschwindigkeit zu analysieren, kann Einblicke in das Ausgabeverhalten der Kunden geben, ein besseres Verständnis der Kunden ermöglichen oder helfen, Investitionen und Marktveränderungen vorherzusagen. Sobald jedoch personenbezogene Daten involviert sind, kommt es zu einer Kollision mit allen grundlegenden Datenschutzprinzipien, die in der europäischen Datenschutzgrundverordnung (DS-GVO) festgelegt sind, vor allem aufgrund der Tatsache, dass Big Data und KI ihre übergeordneten Ziele durch die Verarbeitung großer Datenmengen erreichen, die über ihre ursprünglichen Verarbeitungszwecke hinausgehen. Der Autor zeigt, dass sich in diesem Verhältnis die Pseudonymisierung als datenschutzkonforme und damit vorzugswürdige Alternative für den Einsatz von KI und Big Data erweisen kann, die FinTechs dennoch in die Lage versetzt, Kundenbedürfnisse zu erkennen.

scholarly journals Digital Technologies in the Analysis of the State of Crime in the Prosecutor's Office

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Eduard B. Khatov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Information Security ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
The State ◽  
Crime Analysis ◽  
Security Issues

The article is devoted to the perspectives of digital technologies in crime analysis. According to the author, the key role of such analysis performed by prosecutors is played by artificial intelligence technologies, extra-big data, and electronic voice assistants. The need for their implementation, appropriate material and technical support, solutions for information security issues, as well as the training of prosecutors in the use of digital technologies, including the basics of programming and visualization of big data, were emphasized.

scholarly journals Smart Cities, Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Respect for the European Union Data Protection Rules

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Durán Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
European Union ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The European Union

The importance of cities and their populations grow more and more, as well as the need to apply ICT in their management to reduce their environmental impact and improve the services they offer to their citizens. Hence the concept of smart city arises, a transformation of urban spaces that the European Union is strongly promoting which is largely based on the use of data and its treatment using Big data and Artificial Intelligence techniques based in algorithms. For the development of smart cities it is basic, from a legal point of view, EU rules about open data and the reuse of data and the reconciliation of the massive processing of citizens' data with the right to privacy, non-discrimination and protection of personal data. The use of Big data and AI needed for the development of smart city projects requires a particular respect to data protection regulations. In this sense, the research explores in depth the specific hazards of vulnerating this fundamental right in the framework of smart cities due to the use of Big Data and AI.

scholarly journals Digital society in ethical-axiological context: from postmodern to hi-tech society

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Alexey Viktorovich Suslov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Ethical Aspect ◽  
Social Experiment ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Social Management

The object of this research is the modern digital society as a new civilizational level in development of humanity. The subject of this research is the evolution of ethical values and principles in the context of transition from postindustrial stage to information society, as well as ethical aspect of implementation of digital technologies and artificial intelligence systems into the realm of social management. The article familiarizes the audience with the Chinese system of social score – the largest social experiment on the basis of digital technologies, as well as with the trends and prospects of digitalization process in modern Russia. Having analyzed the national and foreign experience, the author demonstrates the risks of hurried implementation of digital solutions based on artificial intelligence without extensive ethical examination, point out the contradiction between scientific-technological and economic freedom, and the need for limiting these freedoms for the sake of human welfare. The conclusion is made that despite all advantages, digital technologies bear the risks of unethical usage of personal data and violation of privacy. Turning data into the product as a means for gaining profit, difficulties of legal regulation and control thereof, makes a human extremely vulnerable in the new digital world. Therefore, in the process of collection and processing of data, as well as in creation of robotic systems based on artificial intelligence, it is essential to adequately assess the risks and formulate ethical restrictions, which should be taken into account in their design and exploitation.

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