scholarly journals Elephant grass silage with the addition of crambe bran conjugated to different specific mass

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arilson Moraes Cardoso ◽  
Saulo Alberto do Carmo Araújo ◽  
Norberto Silva Rocha ◽  
Felipe Nogueira Domingues ◽  
Jorge Cardoso de Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Crambe Abyssinica ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Crambe Meal ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of inclusion of crambe bran concentrations (Crambe abyssinica Hochst.) with different specific masses in elephant grass silage (Penninsetum purpureum Schum.). For that, the bromatological and microbiological compositions of the experimental silages were determined. We used 48 mini silos distributed in a completely randomized design, arranged in a factorial 4 × 3, four levels of inclusion of crambe bran (0; 10; 20 and 30%) and three specific masses (400; 500 and 600 kg MN m-3), with four replications. After 240 days of fermentation the silos were opened. It was observed linear effect on DM, CP, NDFap, ADFap, HEM, LIG, NFC, TC and population of bacteria that produce lactic acid with the addition of crambe meal. There was interaction between the crambe bran factors and specific masses on the values of pH and N-NH3. For MM variables and yeast count there was a negative linear effect due to the evaluated specific mass. The inclusion of crambe bran helps to increase the fermentative profile and the bromatological composition of elephant grass silages studied, and the best results were obtained with the addition of 30% of this coproduct, based on the natural matter.  

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN DEDAK PADI DAN TEPUNG JAGUNG TERHADAP KUALITAS FISIK SILASE RUMPUT GAJAH (Pennisetum purpureumcv.Hawaii)

ZOOTEC ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Raldi M. Kojo ◽  
D. Rustandi ◽  
Y. R.L. Tulung ◽  
S. S. Malalantang
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Corn Flour ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT EFFECT OF THE ADDITION OF RICE BRAN AND CORN FLOUR ON THE PHYSICAL QUALITY OF ENSILAGE ELEPHANT GRASS (Pennisetum purpureumcv.Hawaii). The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the addition of rice bran and corn flour on the physical quality of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Hawaii)silage.The present study used elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Hawaii)in the ensilage process. Rice bran and corn flour were then added to the elephant grass in the ensilage processing. The present study used Completely Randomized Design with 7 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were formulated as follow: R0 = elephant grass 100%; R1 = elephant grass + 8% rice bran; R2 = elephant grass + 12% rice bran; R3 = elephant grass + 8% corn flour; R4 = elephant grass + 12% corn flour; R5 = elephant grass + 4% rice bran + 4% corn flour; R6 = elephantgrass + 6% rice bran + 6% corn flour. The variables measured were physical quality of elephant grass silage, including:  texture, color, and aroma. The research results showed that the addition of rice bran and corn flour did not significantly affect (P>0,01) ensilage color and aroma, but significantly affect (P<0,01) the texture of the ensilage. It can be concluded that the addition of  8% rice bran gave the best result on theensilage textureof elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Hawaii). Keywords : Elephant Grass, Ensilage, Rice Bran, Corn Flour, Physical Quality

scholarly journals Effects of additives and their levels of inclusion on nutritive value of silage made from elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-362
Author(s):  
M. Baba ◽  
A. Nasir ◽  
A. Kabiru ◽  
M. V ◽  
G. A. Umar
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of three additives (molasses, cracked corn and corn-soybean) and inclusion levels (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 %) on nutritive value of elephant grass (Pennistum purpureum) silage. The experimental design was a 3×5 factorial in a completely randomized design with each treatment replicated three times. Samples were obtained from Pasture Museum. Elephant grass stands at late vegetative stage were randomly selected and harvested at 7 cm stubble height. Grass was chopped into 2-3 cm length. Five hundred gram of the sample was weighed in each case; additives were added separately at the designated inclusion levels and mixed thoroughly. Materials were then tightly packed into laboratory silos compressed and sealed tightly and left for a fermentation period of 21 days. The results indicated crude protein (CP) was significantly greater (10.92%) in silage treated with corn-soybean additive compared with other additives. Crude fiber (CF) was observed to be lower in molasses treated elephant grass silage (27.74 %). Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were both lower in molasses treated silage (24.76 and 43.26 % respectively). The CP was observed to increase with increased inclusion level of the additive while CF decreased. Values for digestible dry matter (DDM), dry matter intake (DMI)as a percentage of body weight and relative feed value (RFV) were greater (P<0.05) in molasses treated silage compared to corn and corn-soybean. The DDM, DMI and RFV values were higher (P<0.05) at 7.5 and 10 % inclusion levels. Significant interactions were observed between additives and inclusion levels in most parameters measured. It was concluded that molasses additive could be used in elephant grass silage during ensiling at 7.5-10 % levels of inclusion.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN STARTER Lactobacillus Sp. TERHADAP NILAI pH DAN TOTAL ASAM LAKTAT SILASE RUMPUT Panicum maximum

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
Sri Sumarsih ◽  
Bambang Sulistiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The aim of the research was to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus Sp. as starter on pH and total Lactic Acid of Panicum maximum Grass Silage. The completely randomized design was been used on this research with 4 treaments and 4 replications. The treatments were different level LAB (0,2,4 dan 6% v/w). The parameters were pH value and lactc acid. The results showed that pH value were significantly (p<0.05) decreased, and Lactic acid were significantly (p<0.05) with addded of Lactobacillus Sp. on  Panicum maximum  Grass Silage. The conclusion was the use of starter Lactobacillus Sp. on  ensilage process produces chemical qualities of good Panicum maximum silage.

KARAKTERISTIK FISIK BUBUR INSTAN TERSUBTITUSI TEPUNG PISANG TONGKA LANGIT

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Priscillia Picauly ◽  
Gilian Tetelepta
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
Banana Flour ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels

Instant porridge is sereal-based food that can be combined with fruits so it will contain better nutrition. To improve the nutrition value of instant porridge then substitute of one kind of banana originally from Maluku is Tongka langit banana. A good quality of instant porridge has a high nutrition and a best physical property. This research aims to characterize of the physical properties instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour. The design that is applied is completely randomized design with four levels of treatment in comparing the substitution between Tongka langit banana flour and the rice flour as follow 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. According to the result of this research, the physical characteristic of instant porridge that are substituted by Tongka langit banana flour are bulk density (0.84-0.89 g/mL), water absorption index (3.49-4.05%), and water solubility index (0.02-0.04%).

scholarly journals Performance, gut morphometry and enzymatic activity of broilers fed neonatal supplementation in housing

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 38423
Author(s):  
Tatiane Souza dos Santos ◽  
Adriano Barbieri ◽  
Robert Guaracy Aparecido Cardoso Araujo ◽  
Gustavo Do Valle Polycarpo ◽  
Daniela Felipe Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Intestinal Length ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Relative Organ Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The objective was to evaluate the performance, relative organ weight, morphometry, intestinal length and pancreatic enzyme activity of broilers receiving neonatal supplementation. A total of 900 Cobb 500 broiler chicks was housed in 30 boxes of 2.5 m². The treatments were divided in a completely randomized design with six replications, and consisted of five inclusion levels (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 grams per bird). The supplement used was based of amino acids, vitamins and minerals, which was provided on the ration on the first day in the housing. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS (2008) and when significant broken down using a polynomial regression. Due to the inclusion of the neonatal supplement in the period from one to seven and one to 21 days of age, the feed intake presented a linear effect and the weight gain, a quadratic effect. The relative weights of the gizzard and liver showed a quadratic effect, and the inclusions of 4.18 and 3.41 grams/bird provided the lowest weights, respectively. The jejunum villi height decreased with supplementation as well as the activity of pancreatic lipase. It can be concluded that neonatal supplementation benefited the performance of birds up to 21 days of age.

scholarly journals Consumo, digestibilidade e balanço de nitrogênio de rações contendo diferentes teores de torta de murumuru em dietas para ovinos

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Bruno Peres de Menezes ◽  
Laurena Silva Rodrigues ◽  
José De Brito Lourenço Júnior ◽  
André Guimarães Maciel e Silva ◽  
Stefano Juliano Tavares de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Linear Effects ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Male Sheep

This study aimed to assess the potential use of increasing levels of murumuru cake (Astrocaryum murumuru var. murumuru, M art.) (MC) in sheep diets as a replacement for Mombasa grass (Panicum maximum Jacq). Metabolic tests were performed with 20 castrated male sheep at Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém, Pará, during 26 days. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design, with five diets and four replications. MC0: 100% grass; MC10: 10% MC and 90% grass; MC20: 20% MC and 80% grass; MC40: 40% MC and 60% grass; and MC60: 60% MC and 40% grass. The intake and the coefficient of apparent digestibility of dry matter (DMI and CDDM), organic matter (OMI and CDOM), crude protein (CPI and CDCP), neutral detergent fiber (NDFI and CDNDF), acid detergent fiber (ADFI and CDADF), ether extract (EEI and CDEE), cellulose (CELI and CDCEL), hemicellulose (HEMI and CDHEM), and nitrogen balance (NB) of experimental diets were determined. The intake of mineral material (MMI) and lignin (LIGI) were also determined. The DMI, OMI, MMI, CPI, NDFI, and ADFI displayed a decreasing linear effect with the replacement of Mombasa grass by MC in the diet. The EEI and the LIGI presented quadratic effects according to the replacement levels of MC in the diet. The CDDM, CDOM, and CDHEM displayed increasing linear effects, between MC0 and MC60. The CDEE, CDNDF, CDADF, and CDCEL displayed a quadratic effect, with optimum replacement levels of 56.65%, 41%, 31.33%, and 27.46%, respectively. The nitrogen balance presented a negative linear effect in the range of 0% to 60% of murumuru cake. One can conclude that murumuru cake is an alternative to the dietary supplementation of ruminants in replacing the Mombasa grass because it provides an increase in the digestibility of nutrients for sheep. However, a limited replacement level must be implemented, considering that from 27.46%, 31.33%, 41%, and 56.65% replacement, a decline occurs in the CDCEL, CDADF, CDNDF, and CDEE, respectively, although a negative nitrogen balance does not occur.

scholarly journals POTENSI EKSTRAK DAUN KARUK (Piper sarmentosum) SEBAGAI INSEKTISIDA NABATI HAMA ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura)

EKOLOGIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Rangga Eka S. P ◽  
Moerfiah . ◽  
Triastinurmiatiningsih .
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Extent Of Damage

The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the leaf extract of Piper sarmentosum on mortality and damage levels by pest armyworm (Spodoptera litura). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Pakuan University, Bogor. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD), with four levels of extract concentration, that is 0% as control, 30%, 40% and 50%.  Each treatment was repeated four times. The variables measured were mortality rates, the extent of damage the leaves, and larval growth. A concentration of EDK 50% showed activity in killing the armyworm by 38%. The lowest level of damage is 5%, with an average growth rate to its lowest larvae by 0.8 cm with the provision of treatment EDK 50%, and the higest level of damage is 75% by a concetration of EDK 30% treatments.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Tepung Ampas Tahu yang Difermentasi dengan Lactobacillus plantarum terhadap kandungan Daidzein, Glycitein, dan Genistein

BUANA SAINS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Eka Fitasari ◽  
Budi Santosa
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Animal feed should ideally be inexpensive and not competing with humans. Ampas know is a waste of the manufacture of tofu that contains protein and high energy. Its use has problems due to the existence of antinutrient and cannot be kept long. Lactobacillus Plantarum is a lactic acid (Gram-positive) bacteria used in the fermentation process to improve the quality of feed. The goal of fermentation is to remove the anti-nutrients that exist in the tofu pulp and increase the content of Isoflavone (Daidzin, Glycitein, and Genistein) and Isoflavone is a source of antioxidants important to growth. The study uses a Completely Randomized Design with 5 treatment of microbial culture concentrations of 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% (V/w), respectively repeated 3 times. The result of analyzes in the pulp of tofu fermentation suggests that fermentation by Lactobacillus Plantarum can increase the content of Daidzein, Glycitein, and genistein with the highest value resulting from the use of L. Plantarum 20% respectively 191.21 + 24.9 μg/g, 85.96 μg/g, and 120.82 μg/g. It can be concluded that the higher the use of the concentration of L. Plantarum in tofu pulp can increase the levels of isoflavone, so it is advisable to conduct research with the concentration of L. Plantarum higher in tofu pulp

scholarly journals PENGARUH JENIS PELARUT TERHADAP AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Rizky Amalia Rachmawati ◽  
Ni Wayan Wisaniyasa ◽  
I Ketut Suter
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
The Right

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different solvents on the antioxidant activity of gale of the wind extract and to find out the right type of solvent used to extract gale of the wind with the highest antioxidant activity using maceration method. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with a type of solvent as a treatment. The treatment consisting of four levels, namely methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol. All treatments were repeated four times so that they were obtained 16 experimental units. The data obtained were analyzed by variance and if the treatment had significant effect followed by Duncan test. The results showed that the type of solvent treatment had a very significant effect on yield, total phenol, total flavonoids, total tannin, and antioxidant activity (IC50). The results showed that acetone solvent had the best treatment which produced a yield of 22.58%, total phenol content of 188.77 mg GAE/g, total flavonoid content of 247.60 mg QE/g, total tannin content of 297.51mg TAE/g, and antioxidant activity (IC50) of 15.19 ppm.

scholarly journals Effects of the growth regulators for the induction of somatic embryos from explants in an endemic and threatened Echinocactus parryi Engelm.

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-447
Author(s):  
Dolores Adilene García-González ◽  
◽  
María del Socorro Santos-Díaz ◽  
Juan Pedro Flores-Margez ◽  
Pedro Osuna-Ávila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Globular Stage ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Green Callus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Mature Seeds

Introduction: The list of threatened species is enhancing and needs to be revised by integrating plant tissue culture tools with conventional techniques that support the appropriate management of these species. Objective: To assess the effects of the growth regulators for the induction of somatic embryos from mature seeds, shoots, and compact green callus of Echinocactus parryi Engelm. and the histological analysis of the embryogenic structures. Materials and methods: A completely randomized design was utilized to evaluate three types of explants (apical, medium, and basal) cultured on basal Murashige & Skoog media (MS) with different growth regulators concentrations (2, 4-D [dichlorophenoxy acetic acid], BAP [6-benzylaminopurine] and kinetin, at four levels: 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mg∙L -1 ). Histological analysis of the embryogenic structures was performed. Results and discussion: The 2, 4-D induced both embryogenic and organogenic callus from seeds and shoot explants. The globular stage did not evolve to their maturity, presumably because of 2, 4-D accumulation. The compact callus explants were the more efficient to induce 19.2 somatic embryos per explant when they were cultured in the medium with 0.5 mg∙L -1 kinetin. However, the latest phases did not germinate, probably due to abnormalities generated by genetic and epigenetic changes in the DNA that can cause abnormal somatic embryos. The histology image demonstrated that the globular and torpedo structures were visible under a microscope showing stained nucleus and numerous starch grains. Conclusions: E. parryi is a species that can produce a high number of embryogenic structures, which represents a great potential to grow massive plants.

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