Large-Size Wheel Rotary Forging Process Research

2013 ◽  
Vol 456 ◽  
pp. 282-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Hui Xue Sun ◽  
Li Mei Wang ◽  
Mu Hua Tao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Forming Force ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Rotary Forging ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Process Route ◽  
Small Influence

For forging process of the large size alloy wheels have several disadvantages, such as using large tonnage presses, high energy consumption, etc.So rotary-forging process route is developed. Forgings forming require 5000-6000T presses by the traditional process, but only require 350T rotary forging presses by new technology. This new process reduces the production costs and energy consumption and extends the life of die. Investigate the effect of several key factors on the forming force. The results show that forming force decreases with the decrease of press amount per turn, and reduce with the die and bars temperature increases. Forging wheel window has small influence on the forming force, but can decrease the forgings cutting weight, improve material utilization. This study plays a guiding role for equipment R & D and determination of the production processes parameters.

Claw-Pole Closed Forging Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 912-914 ◽  
pp. 605-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Rong Xin ◽  
Ding Xu ◽  
Cheng Song He ◽  
Xin Cheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Forming Force ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
New Process ◽  
Corner Filling ◽  
Hot Die Forging ◽  
Deform 3D

Aimed at the present domestic problems in the forging process of claw pole, such as insufficient corner filling, excessive forming force and short life of dies. On the basis of the analyzing in the claw pole, a new process named the closed hot die forging, direct extrusion process of claw pole is constituted. The numerical simulation using DEFORM-3D and the special mould are used in the forging experiment in order to check the new process. The results show that, new technology has greatly reduced the forming force, thereby reducing the production processes and improving the life of dies for mass production.

Decision support for evaluating energy demand in vinification processes using fuzzy sets theory

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Musee ◽  
L Lorenzen ◽  
C Aldrich
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Process Industries ◽  
Industrial Growth

The current trend associated with high energy demand, depletion of energy reserves and low potential of renewable energy sources linked with strong industrial growth, is increasingly becoming unsustainable. As a result, production costs have increased considerably in the process industries, mainly owing to skewed energy demand and supply realities. A feasible strategy for meeting these challenges is to reduce energy consumption per unit throughput. However, to obtain a workable solution, decision makers may have to deal with energy management variables that are ambiguous, which makes solving the energy minimization problem with conventional numerical approaches very difficult. In this paper, we consider an alternative approach based on fuzzy logic to qualitatively evaluate the energy demand associated with an industrial cooling process. The model was formulated based on Mamdani fuzzy logic inferencing and implemented in MATLAB 6.5 via the Fuzzy Logic toolbox. The energy demands pertaining to specific variables were independently estimated, followed by an estimate of the overall energy consumption. The procedure is demonstrated via a case study of cooling at the maceration stage of a vinification process in the wine industry.

scholarly journals An Environmental and Economic Analysis of Flocculation Technology Applied to a Corn-Based Ethanol Plant

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Maria da Conceição T. B. e Oliveira ◽  
Kurt A. Rosentrater
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Ethanol Plant ◽  
Flocculation Process

The stimulation of renewable fuel production is related to the environmental issues resulting from the extraction and utilization of fossil fuels. Although corn-based ethanol is one of the leading renewable fuels and promises to mitigate these environmental impacts, it generates large volumes of wastewater with high concentrations of organic material (CODcr > 30,000 mg/L) and low pH (3.5–4.5), which leads to serious environmental concerns. A common method of treatment of distillery wastewater is the Dry Distilled Grain Soluble (DDGS) process, which separates liquid and solid fractions; however, a disadvantage of this process is its high energy consumption. Other commonly implemented methods are often costly and not environmentally safe. To minimize these problems, a flocculation process can be applied as a potential lower energy consumption process utilizing bioflocculants, which have been proven harmless to the environment. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to analyze the economic and environmental impacts of using bioflocculants instead of evaporation process in a corn-based ethanol plant. The procedures were evaluated by analyzing the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA). From the results, it can be seen that the flocculation system can be an alternative process for effectively minimizing energy consumption during the production of DDGS, Distilled Wet Grains with Solubles (DWGS), and corn oil. The flocculation process achieved a significantly (28%) lower utility cost when compared to the conventional system. However, the overall fixed costs and annual operating costs for the flocculation system were higher than those of the conventional system. Additionally, both processes resulted in negative profit and a sensitivity analysis showed that the feedstocks cost substantially impacted the DDGS, DWGS, and corn oil production costs. Related to environmental aspects, the LCA results showed that the flocculation process achieved the lowest Global Warming Potential (GWP) of the several electricity supply technologies analyzed and presented a significant reduction in CO2 equivalent emissions when compared to a conventional system. The flocculation process resulted in approximately 57% lower greenhouse gas emissions.

scholarly journals A sustainable molding process for new rubber products from tire recycling

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Quadrini ◽  
Loredana Santo ◽  
Ettore Musacchi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Ground Tire Rubber ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
First Time

A new technology has been developed to produce large-size rubber products by molding ground tire rubber (GTR) without using any binder or other substance. GTR is compression molded at high pressure and temperature to achieve an optimal particle adhesion. Large-size tiles (1 m2) with thickness up to 50 mm have been molded without cracks or other damages. In this study, for the first time, energy consumption has been precisely estimated in different phases of the process cycle and discussed together with mechanical performances of molded products. Mechanical tests show that tiles have similar or higher performances than tiles produced by means of conventional processes (i.e. using polyurethane binders). Moreover, the new technology is able to save up to 50% of production costs related to electric energy and raw materials. Further developments are necessary to improve productivity by adding automation and reducing hand working.

scholarly journals Research on Charging Combination Based on Batch Weight Fit Rule for Energy Saving in Forging

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Baiqing ◽  
Lu Haixing ◽  
Tong Yifei ◽  
Li Dongbo ◽  
Xia Yong
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Batch Weight ◽  
Holding Temperature

As a traditional high energy-consuming industry, the forging industry consumes a lot of energy. The activity consuming the highest energy during forging process is the heating. The problem regarding how to separate workpieces with the same holding temperature and holding time and combine them for charging in forging was analyzed and a model based on batch weight fit rule for optimizing the charging combination with the goal of energy saving was proposed. A genetic algorithm was adopted to optimize and solve the model in order to reduce energy consumption in forging. In addition, an instance was given to prove the effectiveness of the proposed model.

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

Separation of Biologically Active Compounds by Membrane Operations

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Zhu ◽  
Renbi Bai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Membrane Processes ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
Pressure Driven

Background: Bioactive compounds from various natural sources have been attracting more and more attention, owing to their broad diversity of functionalities and availabilities. However, many of the bioactive compounds often exist at an extremely low concentration in a mixture so that massive harvesting is needed to obtain sufficient amounts for their practical usage. Thus, effective fractionation or separation technologies are essential for the screening and production of the bioactive compound products. The applicatons of conventional processes such as extraction, distillation and lyophilisation, etc. may be tedious, have high energy consumption or cause denature or degradation of the bioactive compounds. Membrane separation processes operate at ambient temperature, without the need for heating and therefore with less energy consumption. The “cold” separation technology also prevents the possible degradation of the bioactive compounds. The separation process is mainly physical and both fractions (permeate and retentate) of the membrane processes may be recovered. Thus, using membrane separation technology is a promising approach to concentrate and separate bioactive compounds. Methods: A comprehensive survey of membrane operations used for the separation of bioactive compounds is conducted. The available and established membrane separation processes are introduced and reviewed. Results: The most frequently used membrane processes are the pressure driven ones, including microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF). They are applied either individually as a single sieve or in combination as an integrated membrane array to meet the different requirements in the separation of bioactive compounds. Other new membrane processes with multiple functions have also been developed and employed for the separation or fractionation of bioactive compounds. The hybrid electrodialysis (ED)-UF membrane process, for example has been used to provide a solution for the separation of biomolecules with similar molecular weights but different surface electrical properties. In contrast, the affinity membrane technology is shown to have the advantages of increasing the separation efficiency at low operational pressures through selectively adsorbing bioactive compounds during the filtration process. Conclusion: Individual membranes or membrane arrays are effectively used to separate bioactive compounds or achieve multiple fractionation of them with different molecule weights or sizes. Pressure driven membrane processes are highly efficient and widely used. Membrane fouling, especially irreversible organic and biological fouling, is the inevitable problem. Multifunctional membranes and affinity membranes provide the possibility of effectively separating bioactive compounds that are similar in sizes but different in other physical and chemical properties. Surface modification methods are of great potential to increase membrane separation efficiency as well as reduce the problem of membrane fouling. Developing membranes and optimizing the operational parameters specifically for the applications of separation of various bioactive compounds should be taken as an important part of ongoing or future membrane research in this field.

scholarly journals Current Knowledge and Future Directions for Improving Subsoiling Quality and Reducing Energy Consumption in Conservation Fields

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Shangyi Lou ◽  
Jin He ◽  
Hongwen Li ◽  
Qingjie Wang ◽  
Caiyun Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Tillage Depth ◽  
And Control

Subsoiling has been acknowledged worldwide to break compacted hardpan, improve soil permeability and water storage capacity, and promote topsoil deepening and root growth. However, there exist certain factors which limit the wide in-field application of subsoiling machines. Of these factors, the main two are poor subsoiling quality and high energy consumption, especially the undesired tillage depth obtained in the field with cover crops. Based on the analysis of global adoption and benefits of subsoiling technology, and application status of subsoiling machines, this article reviewed the research methods, technical characteristics, and developing trends in five key aspects, including subsoiling shovel design, anti-drag technologies, technologies of tillage depth detection and control, and research on soil mechanical interaction. Combined with the research progress and application requirements of subsoiling machines across the globe, current problems and technical difficulties were analyzed and summarized. Aiming to solve these problems, improve subsoiling quality, and reduce energy consumption, this article proposed future directions for the development of subsoiling machines, including optimizing the soil model in computer simulation, strengthening research on the subsoiling mechanism and comprehensive effect, developing new tillage depth monitoring and control systems, and improving wear-resisting properties of subsoiling shovels.

scholarly journals Nanoscale optical writing through upconversion resonance energy transfer

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. eabe2209
Author(s):  
S. Lamon ◽  
Y. Wu ◽  
Q. Zhang ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
M. Gu
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Resonance Energy Transfer ◽  
Resonance Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Upconversion Nanoparticles

Nanoscale optical writing using far-field super-resolution methods provides an unprecedented approach for high-capacity data storage. However, current nanoscale optical writing methods typically rely on photoinitiation and photoinhibition with high beam intensity, high energy consumption, and short device life span. We demonstrate a simple and broadly applicable method based on resonance energy transfer from lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles to graphene oxide for nanoscale optical writing. The transfer of high-energy quanta from upconversion nanoparticles induces a localized chemical reduction in graphene oxide flakes for optical writing, with a lateral feature size of ~50 nm (1/20th of the wavelength) under an inhibition intensity of 11.25 MW cm−2. Upconversion resonance energy transfer may enable next-generation optical data storage with high capacity and low energy consumption, while offering a powerful tool for energy-efficient nanofabrication of flexible electronic devices.

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