Preparation and Properties of Biodegradable Polyurethane Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Xian Yun He ◽  
Yong Jun Xu ◽  
Ying Jun Wang ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Bo Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Inverse Technique ◽  
Compression Property ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
Biodegradable Polyurethane

3D porous scaffolds were produced by a combined salt leaching-phase inverse technique. Results showed that micorpores and macropores distributed in the produced scaffolds with high porosity (more than 75%). The interconnectivity can be influenced by the use of methanol and water as a nonsolvent to induce liquidliquid phase separation. The addition of the nonsolvent and NaCl had influence on compression property of the scaffolds.

scholarly journals Differential chondro- and osteo-stimulation in three-dimensional porous scaffolds with different topological surfaces provides a design strategy for biphasic osteochondral engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204173141982643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinmaya Mahapatra ◽  
Jung-Ju Kim ◽  
Jung-Hwan Lee ◽  
Guang-Zhen Jin ◽  
Jonathan C Knowles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Differential Properties

Bone/cartilage interfacial tissue engineering needs to satisfy the differential properties and architectures of the osteochondral region. Therefore, biphasic or multiphasic scaffolds that aim to mimic the gradient hierarchy are widely used. Here, we find that two differently structured (topographically) three-dimensional scaffolds, namely, “dense” and “nanofibrous” surfaces, show differential stimulation in osteo- and chondro-responses of cells. While the nanofibrous scaffolds accelerate the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells, the dense scaffolds are better in preserving the phenotypes of chondrocytes. Two types of porous scaffolds, generated by a salt-leaching method combined with a phase-separation process using the poly(lactic acid) composition, had a similar level of porosity (~90%) and pore size (~150 μm). The major difference in the surface nanostructure led to substantial changes in the surface area and water hydrophilicity (nanofibrous ≫ dense); as a result, the nanofibrous scaffolds increased the cell-to-matrix adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells significantly while decreasing the cell-to-cell contracts. Importantly, the chondrocytes, when cultured on nanofibrous scaffolds, were prone to lose their phenotype, including reduced chondrogenic expressions (SOX-9, collagen type II, and Aggrecan) and glycosaminoglycan content, which was ascribed to the enhanced cell–matrix adhesion with reduced cell–cell contacts. On the contrary, the osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells was significantly accelerated by the improved cell-to-matrix adhesion, as evidenced in the enhanced osteogenic expressions (RUNX2, bone sialoprotein, and osteopontin) and cellular mineralization. Based on these findings, we consider that the dense scaffold is preferentially used for the chondral-part, whereas the nanofibrous structure is suitable for osteo-part, to provide an optimal biphasic matrix environment for osteochondral tissue engineering.

Preparation and Characterization of Layer Structured Porous Chitosan Scaffold for Tissue Engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 198-199 ◽  
pp. 179-182
Author(s):  
Guo Jun Song ◽  
Xue Jun Wang ◽  
Tao Lou ◽  
Li Yong Lv
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Compressive Modulus ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Chitosan Scaffold ◽  
Chitosan Concentration ◽  
Porous Chitosan

In this study, layer structured porous chitosan scaffold was successfully fabricated using thermal induced phase separation method. The scaffold had a layer structure with interconnective pores (50- 300 μm) and high porosity (>90%) using citric or acetic acid as the solvent. However, the results of compressive modulus of the scaffold showed that acetic acid was a better choice, and the compressive modulus of scaffold increased with chitosan concentration in acetic acid. The scaffold is very promising for tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Tissue Engineering 3D Porous Scaffolds Prepared from Electrospun Recombinant Human Collagen (RHC) Polypeptides/Chitosan Nanofibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 5096
Author(s):  
Aipeng Deng ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Shimei Du
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Human Collagen ◽  
Hierarchical Pore ◽  
Nih 3T3

Electrospinning, the only method that can continuously produce nanofibers, has been widely used to prepare nanofibers for tissue engineering applications. However, electrospinning is not suitable for preparing clinically relevant three-dimensional (3D) nanofibrous scaffolds with hierarchical pore structures. In this study, recombinant human collagen (RHC)/chitosan nanofibers prepared by electrospinning were combined with porous scaffolds produced by freeze drying to fabricate 3D nanofibrous scaffolds. These scaffolds exhibited high porosity (over 80%) and an interconnected porous structure (ranging from sub-micrometers to 200 μm) covered with nanofibers. As confirmed by the characterization results, these scaffolds showed good swelling ability, stability, and adequate mechanical strength, making it possible to use the 3D nanofibrous scaffolds in various tissue engineering applications. In addition, after seven days of cell culturing, NIH 3T3 was infiltrated into the scaffolds while maintaining its morphology and with superior proliferation and viability. These results indicated that the 3D nanofibrous scaffolds hold great promise for tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Recent Progress on Biodegradable Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Prepared by Thermally-Induced Phase Separation (TIPS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3504
Author(s):  
Reza Zeinali ◽  
Luis J. del Valle ◽  
Joan Torras ◽  
Jordi Puiggalí
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Thermally Induced Phase Separation ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Biodegradable Scaffolds

Porous biodegradable scaffolds provide a physical substrate for cells allowing them to attach, proliferate and guide the formation of new tissues. A variety of techniques have been developed to fabricate tissue engineering (TE) scaffolds, among them the most relevant is the thermally-induced phase separation (TIPS). This technique has been widely used in recent years to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) TE scaffolds. Low production cost, simple experimental procedure and easy processability together with the capability to produce highly porous scaffolds with controllable architecture justify the popularity of TIPS. This paper provides a general overview of the TIPS methodology applied for the preparation of 3D porous TE scaffolds. The recent advances in the fabrication of porous scaffolds through this technique, in terms of technology and material selection, have been reviewed. In addition, how properties can be effectively modified to serve as ideal substrates for specific target cells has been specifically addressed. Additionally, examples are offered with respect to changes of TIPS procedure parameters, the combination of TIPS with other techniques and innovations in polymer or filler selection.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Porous Scaffolds Based on Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Asiyah Esmail ◽  
João R. Pereira ◽  
Chantal Sevrin ◽  
Christian Grandfils ◽  
Ugur Deneb Menda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Particulate Leaching ◽  
Copolymer Poly ◽  
Water Swelling ◽  
Emulsion Templating

Poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) with different material properties, namely, the homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), and the copolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate, P(3HB-co-3HV), with a 3HV of 25 wt.%, were used for the preparation of porous biopolymeric scaffolds. Solvent casting with particulate leaching (SCPL) and emulsion templating were evaluated to process these biopolymers in porous scaffolds. SCPL scaffolds were highly hydrophilic (>170% swelling in water) but fragile, probably due to the increase of the polymer’s polydispersity index and its high porosity (>50%). In contrast, the emulsion templating technique resulted in scaffolds with a good compromise between porosity (27–49% porosity) and hydrophilicity (>30% water swelling) and without impairing their mechanical properties (3.18–3.35 MPa tensile strength and 0.07–0.11 MPa Young’s Modulus). These specifications are in the same range compared to other polymer-based scaffolds developed for tissue engineering. P(3HB-co-3HV) displayed the best overall properties, namely, lower crystallinity (11.3%) and higher flexibility (14.8% elongation at break. Our findings highlight the potency of our natural biopolyesters for the future development of novel porous scaffolds in tissue engineering, thanks also to their safety and biodegradability.

Study on Tissue Engineering Scaffolds of Silk Fibroin-Chitosan/ Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 971-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Wu Wen ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Mu Qin Li ◽  
Xiang Cai Meng
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Composite ◽  
Ray Diffusion ◽  
Interconnected Pores

The porous scaffolds of silk fibroin-chitosan /nano-hydroxyapatite (SF-CS / n-HA) were fabricated through the freeze- drying technique. Component, structure and morphology of scaffolds were studied by infrared (IR), X-ray diffusion (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the mechanical properties of the scaffolds were measured. The simulated body fluid (SBF) experiments were conducted to assess the bioactivity of the scaffolds. Results indicate that chemical binding is formed between HA and organics, the macropore diameter of the scaffolds varies from 150 to 400μm. The porous scaffolds with interconnected pores possess a high porosity of 78%-91% and compressive strength of 0.26 -1.96MPa, which can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of organic phases and prefreezing temperature. In the SBF tests, a layer of randomly oriented bone-like apatite crystals formed on the scaffold surface, which suggested that the composite material had good bioactivity. Studies suggest the feasibility of using SF-CS /n-HA composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Novel Biodegradable Polyurethanes Reinforced With Green Nanofibers for Applications in Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza M. Nakhoda
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
New Class ◽  
Biodegradable Polyurethane ◽  
Liquid Displacement ◽  
Polyurethane Composites ◽  
Interconnected Pore

New class of green biocomposites were designed and synthesized for tissue engineering applications. These newly introduced non-cytotoxic, biodegradable polyurethane composites had different compositions (i.e., ratio of hard to soft segments) of the linear, aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate and polycaprolactone diol. The porosity was introduced in the polyurethane matrix using a combination of salt leaching and thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). The resulting interconnected pore size was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to be between 125-355 μm. Porosity was determined using liquid displacement and found to be between 70-75% for non-reinforced matrices, 64-70% for reinforcement with 5 wt% biocellulose nanofiber (BCNF), 59-69% for 10 wt% BCNF, and 57-69% for 15 wt% BCNF biocomposite samples. Dependent on the composition, compressive strength showed up to a little less than two-fold increase (85%) for green BCNF reinforcement of 5 wt% and more than two-fold increase (120%) for 10 wt%. The tensile strength also increased up to almost two-fold (114%) for reinforcement with 5 wt% BCNF and to more than two-fold (140%) for 10 wt% reinforcement. Higher degrees of reinforcement showed a detrimental effect on both properties. Properties demonstrate that this novel class of nanostructured biocomposite holds potential to be utilized as scaffolds for tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Novel Biodegradable Polyurethanes Reinforced With Green Nanofibers for Applications in Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza M. Nakhoda
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
New Class ◽  
Biodegradable Polyurethane ◽  
Liquid Displacement ◽  
Polyurethane Composites ◽  
Interconnected Pore

New class of green biocomposites were designed and synthesized for tissue engineering applications. These newly introduced non-cytotoxic, biodegradable polyurethane composites had different compositions (i.e., ratio of hard to soft segments) of the linear, aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate and polycaprolactone diol. The porosity was introduced in the polyurethane matrix using a combination of salt leaching and thermally induced phase separation (TIPS). The resulting interconnected pore size was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to be between 125-355 μm. Porosity was determined using liquid displacement and found to be between 70-75% for non-reinforced matrices, 64-70% for reinforcement with 5 wt% biocellulose nanofiber (BCNF), 59-69% for 10 wt% BCNF, and 57-69% for 15 wt% BCNF biocomposite samples. Dependent on the composition, compressive strength showed up to a little less than two-fold increase (85%) for green BCNF reinforcement of 5 wt% and more than two-fold increase (120%) for 10 wt%. The tensile strength also increased up to almost two-fold (114%) for reinforcement with 5 wt% BCNF and to more than two-fold (140%) for 10 wt% reinforcement. Higher degrees of reinforcement showed a detrimental effect on both properties. Properties demonstrate that this novel class of nanostructured biocomposite holds potential to be utilized as scaffolds for tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Porous scaffolds with the structure of an interpenetrating polymer network made by gelatin methacrylated nanoparticle-stabilized high internal phase emulsion polymerization targeted for tissue engineering

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (37) ◽  
pp. 22544-22555
Author(s):  
Atefeh Safaei-Yaraziz ◽  
Shiva Akbari-Birgani ◽  
Nasser Nikfarjam
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Polymer Network ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Tissue Scaffolds ◽  
Interpenetrating Polymer Network ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Internal Phase

The interlacing of biopolymers and synthetic polymers is a promising strategy to fabricate hydrogel-based tissue scaffolds to biomimic a natural extracellular matrix for cell growth.

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