Loss Compensation in Surface Plasmonic Waveguides with Low Polarization Dependence

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-605 ◽  
pp. 2726-2731
Author(s):  
Hui Fang He ◽  
Yu Min Liu ◽  
Zhong Yuan Yu ◽  
Tie Sheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Polarization State ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Polarization Dependence ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Integrated Optics Devices ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguides ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Transverse Magnetic Mode ◽  
Tm Mode ◽  
Loss Compensation

Surface plasmonic waveguides usually only support one mode called TM (transverse magnetic) mode. Recently, one waveguide structure that can propagate both TE (transverse electric) and TM mode was proposed. However, the large propagation loss of the plasmonic waveguides with low polarization dependence is still a problem. In order to make loss compensation to solve the problem, this paper makes improvements to decrease the loss of this kind of waveguide. Simulations have been made to prove the feasibility; as respected, low loss or even 0dB can be reached at both modes when low and high index materials are added. The improved plasmonic waveguide has a potential application in guiding and processing of light from a fiber with a random polarization state in low-loss condition and also can be applied to integrated optics devices.

scholarly journals Analytic modelling of a planar Goubau line with circular conductor

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Schaich ◽  
Daniel Molnar ◽  
Anas Al Rawi ◽  
Mike Payne
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Propagation Constant ◽  
Finite Thickness ◽  
Approximate Equation ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Wave Mode ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Transverse Magnetic Mode

AbstractPlanar Goubau lines show promise as high frequency, low-loss waveguides on a substrate. However, to date only numerical simulations and experimental measurements have been performed. This paper analytically investigates the surface wave mode propagating along a planar Goubau line consisting of a perfectly conducting circular wire on top of a dielectric substrate of finite thickness but infinite width. An approximate equation for the propagation constant is derived and solved through numerical integration. The dependence of the propagation constant on various system parameters is calculated and the results agree well with full numerical simulations. In addition, the spatial distribution of the longitudinal electric field is reported and excellent agreement with a numerical simulation and previous studies is found. Moreover, validation against experimental phase velocity measurements is also reported. Finally, insights gained from the model are considered for a Goubau line with a rectangular conductor. The analytic model reveals that the propagating mode of a planar Goubau line is hybrid in contrast to the transverse magnetic mode of a classic Goubau line.

scholarly journals Long Low-Loss-Litium Niobate on Insulator Waveguides with Sub-Nanometer Surface Roughness

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongbo Wu ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Jian Xu ◽  
Jia Qi ◽  
Wei Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Photonic Integrated Circuits ◽  
Surface Patterning ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Laser Direct Writing ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Atomic Force

In this paper, we develop a technique for realizing multi-centimeter-long lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) waveguides with a propagation loss as low as 0.027 dB/cm. Our technique relies on patterning a chromium thin film coated on the top surface of LNOI into a hard mask with a femtosecond laser followed by chemo-mechanical polishing for structuring the LNOI into the waveguides. The surface roughness on the waveguides was determined with an atomic force microscope to be 0.452 nm. The approach is compatible with other surface patterning technologies, such as optical and electron beam lithographies or laser direct writing, enabling high-throughput manufacturing of large-scale LNOI-based photonic integrated circuits.

Integrated (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 Heterostructure Waveguide Devices Fabricated by Solid-Phase Epitaxy

1999 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nashimoto ◽  
S. Nakamura ◽  
H. Moriyama ◽  
K. Haga ◽  
M. Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Voltage ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Wet Etching ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Solid Phase Epitaxy ◽  
Te Mode ◽  
Tm Mode ◽  
Electro Optic ◽  
Channel Waveguides

AbstractHeterostructures of a Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) waveguide/(Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 (PLZT) system buffer layer were grown on a Nb-doped SrTiO3 (Nb:ST) substrate by solid-phase epitaxy. The propagation loss in the PLZT heterostructure waveguides was on the order of I dB/cm. An electro-optic beam deflection device with an ITO prism electrode on the surface of the PLZT heterostructure waveguide presented efficient deflection of the coupled laser beam by applying a voltage between the electrode and the substrate. A beam deflection greater than 10 mrad at 5 V and frequency response as fast as 13 MHz were observed. An apparent electro-optic coefficient as large as 39 pmJV was estimated from the deflection characteristics for the TE mode and TM mode suggesting the polarization independent nature of the PZT waveguide. For integrating the electrooptic PLZT heterostructure waveguides, channel waveguides were fabricated in the PZT waveguides using a simple wet-etching process. Based on a low-voltage drive structure, lowloss waveguide process, and fine patterning process, a fabricated digital matrix switch showed a – 10 dB cross-talk at a voltage as low as 7.5 V.

scholarly journals Numerical analysis of an infrared gas sensor utilizing an indium-tin-oxide-based plasmonic slot waveguide

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Parviz Saeidi ◽  
Bernhard Jakoby ◽  
Gerald Pühringer ◽  
Andreas Tortschanoff ◽  
Gerald Stocker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Slot Waveguide ◽  
Plasmonic Waveguides ◽  
Propagation Length ◽  
Plasmonic Material ◽  
Sensing Applications

Abstract. Plasmonic waveguides have attracted much attention owing to the associated high field intensity at the metal–dielectric interface and their ability to confine the modes at the nanometer scale. At the same time, they suffer from relatively high propagation loss, which is due to the presence of metal. Several alternative materials have been introduced to replace noble metals, such as transparent conductive oxides (TCOs). A particularly popular TCO is indium tin oxide (ITO), which is compatible with standard microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. In this work, the feasibility of ITO as an alternative plasmonic material is investigated for infrared absorption sensing applications: we numerically design and optimize an ITO-based plasmonic slot waveguide for a wavelength of 4.26 µm, which is the absorption line of CO2. Our optimization is based on a figure of merit (FOM), which is defined as the confinement factor divided by the imaginary part of the effective mode index (i.e., the intrinsic damping of the mode). The obtained optimal FOM is 3.2, which corresponds to 9 µm and 49 % for the propagation length (characterizing the intrinsic damping) and the confinement factor, respectively.

Silicon-based metal-loaded plasmonic waveguides for low-loss nanofocusing

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (15) ◽  
pp. 4356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Lafone ◽  
Themistoklis P. H Sidiropoulos ◽  
Rupert F. Oulton
Keyword(s):  
Plasmonic Waveguides ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Silicon Based

scholarly journals Silicon Waveguide Optical Isolator with Directly Bonded Magneto-Optical Garnet

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuya Shoji ◽  
Tetsuya Mizumoto
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Transverse Electric ◽  
Core Layer ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Silicon Waveguide ◽  
Optical Isolation ◽  
Tm Mode ◽  
Mode Converters ◽  
Optical Isolators ◽  
Thin Interlayer

Silicon waveguide optical isolators were fabricated by direct bonding of magneto-optical (MO) garnet. The technique allowed efficient MO phase shift owing to the use of single-crystalline garnet and negligibly thin interlayer on the silicon core layer. A Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) provided optical isolation utilizing the MO phase shift. High isolation, wide bandwidth, and temperature-insensitive operations had been demonstrated by tailoring the MZI design. Also, transverse electric (TE)–transverse magnetic (TM) mode converters were integrated to control operating polarization. In this paper, we reviewed these progresses on silicon waveguide optical isolators.

scholarly journals Layered THz waveguides for SPPs, filter and sensor applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamin Liu ◽  
Zia Ullah Khan ◽  
Siamak Sarjoghian
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Layered Structure ◽  
Dielectric Slab ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Te Mode ◽  
Tm Mode ◽  
Mode Characteristics ◽  
Plasmon Polaritons ◽  
Thz Waveguides

Abstract Theory of five kinds of layered structure THz waveguides is presented. In these waveguides, the modified and hybrid THz surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) are researched in detail. On these modes, the effects of material in each layer are discussed. The anti-resonant reflecting mechanism is also discussed in these waveguides. The mode characteristics of both TM mode and TE mode are analyzed for guiding TM mode with low loss and TE modes with huge loss in one waveguide: the TE modes filter application is put forward. The mode characteristics for one waveguide have useful sensor applications: for TE1 mode, we find that the low cut-off frequency has a sensitivity (S) to the refractive index of the dielectric slab. The highest S can be 666.7 GHz/RIU when n2 = 1.5, w = 0 and t = 0.1 mm. We believe these results are very useful for designing practical THz devices for SPPs, filter and sensor applications.

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF TE AND TM MODES IN NONLINEAR PLANAR WAVEGUIDES

1994 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ZOBOLI ◽  
S. SELLERI
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Planar Waveguides ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Transverse Magnetic Mode ◽  
Solution Convergence ◽  
Index Distribution

A general approach based on the finite element method for analyzing optical waves guided by dielectric planar waveguides with arbitrary nonlinear media and with arbitrary refractive index distribution is considered. A complete transverse-electric and transverse-magnetic mode analysis is presented and TM polarization solutions are obtained without approximations on the biaxial nature of the nonlinear refractive index. Solution convergence and stability is discussed and both film-guided and surface-guided modes are presented for symmetrical and asymmetrical structures. Bistability and hysteresis phenomena have been investigated for TE as well as for TM modes.

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