A Review on the Performance of Tribological Properties of Cutting Fluids

2015 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
S. Ganesh ◽  
Jamaludeen Umar Mohamed ◽  
C. Rajaganapathy ◽  
V. Saravanakumar
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Mechanical Field ◽  
Major Application ◽  
Machining Operations

Tribology deals with friction, wear and lubricants. It plays an important role in mechanical field. It finds its major application in industrial and automotive sector, in which this thesis considered the tribology in metal removal industrial sector. In that application, the role of cutting fluid in lathe machining operations have been chosen. One of the most important challenging cases is to minimize the friction in machining of titanium alloys. While machining, the heat should be minimized as low as possible. This thesis deals with the study of cutting fluids in machining of titanium alloys. The problem occurs while using mineral oil as a cutting fluid in machining that it is non-biodegradable in nature and affects the environment while disposing it. This thesis aims to identify the alternate cutting fluids instead of mineral oil, which is to be effective cooling and non-toxic to environment. For that, Machining condition should be controllable by using some grammar rule without affecting the Productivity.

scholarly journals Formulation of Sustainable Water-Based Cutting Fluids with Polyol Esters for Machining Titanium Alloys

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Elisabet Benedicto ◽  
Eva María Rubio ◽  
Laurent Aubouy ◽  
María Ana Sáenz-Nuño
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Lubricating Film ◽  
Wear Protection ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Polyol Esters

The machinability of titanium alloys still represents a demanding challenge and the development of new clean technologies to lubricate and cool is greatly needed. As a sustainable alternative to mineral oil, esters have shown excellent performance during machining. Herein, the aim of this work is to investigate the influence of esters’ molecular structure in oil-in-water emulsions and their interaction with the surface to form a lubricating film, thus improving the efficiency of the cutting fluid. The lubricity performance and tool wear protection are studied through film formation analysis and the tapping process on Ti6Al4V. The results show that the lubricity performance is improved by increasing the formation of the organic film on the metal surface, which depends on the ester’s molecular structure and its ability to adsorb on the surface against other surface-active compounds. Among the cutting fluids, noteworthy results are obtained using trimethylolpropane trioleate, which increases the lubricating film formation (containing 62% ester), thus improving the lubricity by up to 12% and reducing the torque increase due to tool wear by 26.8%. This work could be very useful for fields where often use difficult-to-machine materials—such as Ti6Al4V or γ-TiAl – which require large amounts of cutting fluids, since the formulation developed will allow the processes to be more efficient and sustainable.

scholarly journals Experimental Determination of Cutting Power for Turning and Material Removal Rate for Drilling of AA 6061-T6 Using Vegetable Oils as Cutting Fluid

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Shashidhara ◽  
S. R. Jayaram
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Cutting Power ◽  
Thrust Forces

The raw and modified versions of two nonedible vegetable oils, Pongam (Pogammia pinnata) and Jatropha (Jatropha curcas), and a commercially available branded mineral oil are used as straight cutting fluids for turning AA 6061 to assess cutting forces. Minimum quantity lubrication is utilized for the supply of cutting fluids. Cutting and thrust forces are measured. Cutting power is determined for various cutting speeds, depths of cut, and feed rates. Also, drilling is performed on the material to understand the material removal rate (MRR) under these oils. The performances of vegetable oils are compared to mineral oil. A noticeable reduction in cutting forces is observed under the Jatropha family of oils compared to mineral oil. Further, better material removal rate is seen under both the vegetable oils and their versions compared to under petroleum oil for the range of thrust forces.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF SIMILARITY METHOD AND DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS IN DETERMINING THE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF AGITATOR PADDLES FOR CALTEX AQUATEX 3180 CUTTING OIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Do Thi Tam ◽  
Tran The Long ◽  
Nguyen Hoang Quan
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Analysis ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Experimental Process ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Machining Operations ◽  
Similarity Method

Aquatex 3180 is the general purpose soluble oil, formulated for use in a wide variety of machining operations. In fact, the natural diffusion in the liquid is very slow, especially the mixing ratio, and the homogeneity of the solution is difficult to achieve according to the manufacturer's recommendation. Hence, the agitator is required to improve the uniformity of the solution in that the obtained cutting fluid can be effectively used in machining processes to fulfill the role of cooling and lubricating. In this work, the application of the similarity method and dimensional analysis for studying agitator model for mixing Aquatex 3180 cutting oil to build the set of input parameters in the experimental process. The results reveal that the input parameters in the study of the agitator model using 9 similarity criterions πi (i = 1 ... 9) instead of 12 independent parameters. In addition, the standard π2 can characterize the displacement properties of the fluid flow considering the influence of gravity. It means that the number of experiments reduce but still ensure that many experimental input parameters are still guaranteed, therefore ensuring proper description of the actual operation of the machine.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Jatropha Seed Oil and Mineral Oil-Based Cutting Fluids in Turning AISI 304 Alloy Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Awode ◽  
Sunday Albert Lawal ◽  
Matthew Sunday Abolarin ◽  
Oyewole Adedipe
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Physiochemical Property ◽  
Jatropha Seed

Cutting fluids play a major role in machine operations, life of tools, workpiece quality and overall high productivity which are considered as potential input for minimal tool wear, minimal surface roughness and better machining finished product owing to the ability to prevent overheating of the workpiece and cutting tool. In this paper, the challenge of environmental biodegradability, tool wear and workpiece surface roughness prompt the need to evaluate and compare the performance of Jatropha oil based cutting fluid (JBCF) with mineral oil based cutting fluid (MBCF) during turning with AISI 304 Alloy steel which are presented. Test were conducted on the Physiochemical property, fatty acid composition (FAC), cutting fluids formulation of oil ratio to water ratio in proportion of 1:9, turning operation and response surface methodology (RSM) design of experiment were carried out and used respectively. Results from FAC indicated that jatropha seed oil (JSO) has an approximately 21.6% saturated fat with the main contributors being 14.2% palmitic acid. The physiochemical property results show pH value 8.36, Viscosity 0.52 mm2/s, resistant to corrosion, good stability and a milky colouration. The S/N ratio for main effect plot for JBCF and MBCF stand at 1250 CS, 1.15 FR and 0.65 DOC; and 500 CS, 1.15 FR and 0.65 respectively with R-sq = 85.14% and R-sq(adj) = 71.76% for JBCF Ra and R-sq = 71.24% and R-sq(adj) = 56.35% for JBCF Tw,  compared to R-sq = 84.44% R-sq(adj) = 70.43% is for MBCF Ra, and R-sq = 70.48% and  R-sq(adj)  = 55.92% for MBCF Tw. Conclusively, JBCF exhibit minimal surface roughness, minimal tool wear, minimal environmental biodegradability and overall better performance compare to MBCF which makes it more suitable for turning of AISI 304 Alloy steel and is in good agreement with previous work.

Examining the Effect of Various Vegetable Oil-Based Cutting Fluids on Surface Integrity in Drilling Steel - A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Z. Sultan ◽  
S. Sharif ◽  
Denni Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Health Impacts ◽  
Metalworking Fluids ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Industrial Activities

Increased attention on environmental and health impacts by industrial activities forces the manufacturing industry to reduce the mineral oil-based metalworking fluids as a cutting fluid. The advantages of using vegetable oil-based cutting fluids on tool wear and the cutting force have been reported in the literature, but those reporting the effects of their use on the surface finish of the workpiece are still lacking. This mini-review gives an overview of the influence of vegetable oil-based cutting fluids on surface integrity of steel during drilling process. Effect of the different cooling strategies on surface integrity is also presented.

Evaluation of Physicochemical and Biodegradability Properties of Selected Nigerian Non-Edible Oilseeds as Potential Cutting Fluids

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Titilope John Jayeoye ◽  
Mary Bosede Ogundiran ◽  
David Abimbola Fadare ◽  
Adeniyi Adewale Ogunjobi
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Saponification Value

This paper reports evaluation of physicochemical and biodegradability properties of selected non edible Nigerian oilseeds as a potential cutting fluid. Oil extraction process was carried on the oilseeds, with physicochemical parameters and biodegradability of the extracts were equally assessed. The established physicochemical parameters were percentage oil yield (5.58-61.8%), specific gravity (0.86-0.94), acidvalue (2.89-18.2 mgKOH/g), iodine value (15.7-104 mg iodine/g), peroxide value (1.35-10.9 mg/g oil), saponification value (173-286 mg KOH/g) and viscosity (37.9-53.1centipoises), while biodegradabilityranged between (50.0-63.8%) in comparison with the mineral oil with values less than 20%. Based on this study, the oil extracts of Caesalpinia bonduc and Calophyllum inophyllum appeared to be the most suitable as potential cutting fluids for further formulation studies and machining trials. 

Modern Metals Machining Technology

1966 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Vaughn
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Cutter Life ◽  
Cutting Operation

Titanium alloys such as A-110AT, B-120VCA, C-120AV, and 6-6-2AVT, which have been used to manufacture structural components for the aerospace industry, are difficult to machine when compared to aluminum and even some steel alloys. Tool wear for high-speed tool steel and carbide cutters takes place rapidly, necessitating the use of low cutting speeds and feeds to obtain a reasonable cutter life. In this study, the means used toward achieving an objective of increased producibility and reduced costs for titanium alloys was through an intensive machinability investigation of the machining characteristics. Control of pertinent machining variables, such as cutting speed, feed rate, tool material, tool geometry, machine tool setup, and cutting fluid, was rigorously maintained. Comparative cost analyses of the actual cutting operation and the attendant cutting tool costs were made concurrently with the study to obtain conditions which provided the best metal removal rate with reasonable cutter life at the lowest cost.

Turning of Titanium Alloy Using Near-Dry Methods with MQL, Coolant Mist and Hybrid Mist Supplies

2017 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Wakabayashi ◽  
Keisuke Yamada ◽  
Shota Koike ◽  
Toshifumi Atsuta
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Tool Life ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Dry Machining ◽  
View Point ◽  
Fluid Supply ◽  
Machining Operations ◽  
Atomized Water

Because of effective machining operations with a very small amount of cutting fluids, near-dry machining attracts increasing attentions for environmental and economical benefits. MQL machining has so far been recognized as the most representative near-dry method and it is highly successful in machining of most ordinary steels. Recent concern for environmentally friendly manufacturing further encourages the attempts at applying near-dry operations to machining of difficult-to-cut materials. Since titanium alloys are typical difficult-to-cut materials, this paper investigates the cutting performance of various near-dry methods in turning of a titanium alloy from the view point of elongating the tool life. Those near-dry operations include supply methods of regular MQL mist, coolant mist and hybrid mists, where the coolant mist is atomized water-soluble cutting fluid and hybrid mists are the mixture of MQL and coolant mists. The regular MQL operation provided longer tool life than that of dry machining. In addition, compared with MQL machining, the hybrid mist operations could further extend tool life and, in particular, the single coolant mist operations demonstrated the possibility of making the tool life longer than that of ordinary wet machining with flood cutting fluid supply.

Tool wear in dry turning and wet turning with non-toxic cutting fluid

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1649-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Ozimina ◽  
Monika Madej ◽  
Joanna Kowalczyk ◽  
Ewa Ozimina ◽  
Stanislaw Plaza
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Contact Wetting Angle

PurposeThis study aims to determine the properties of a new non-toxic cutting fluid and compared with cutting fluid based on mineral oil.Design/methodology/approachThe tool wear was measured under dry and wet cutting conditions. The non-toxic cutting fluid was compared with cutting fluid based on mineral oil. The experiments were carried out using CTX 310 ECO numerical control lathe. The wear of the cutting tools was measured by means of stereo zoom microscopy (SX80), while the elements were identified through scanning electron microscopy (JSM 7100F). The workpiece surface texture was studied using a Talysurf CCI Lite non-contact 3D profiler. The contact wetting angle was established with a KSV CAM 100 tester.FindingsThe non-toxic cutting fluid has reached comparable coefficient of friction with a coolant containing mineral oil. The use of the non-toxic cutting fluid with low foaming tendency resulted in lower wear.Practical implicationsMachining processes require that cutting fluids be applied to reduce the tool wear and improve the quality of the workpiece surface. Cutting fluids serve numerous purposes such as they act as coolants and lubricants, remove chips and temporarily prevent corrosion of the product.Originality/valueThe investigations discussed in this paper have contributed to the development of non-toxic and environmentally friendly manufacturing because of the use of cutting fluid containing zinc aspartate and its comparison with commonly used cutting fluid.

Effects of Cutting Fluids on Surface Roughness in Single-Point Diamond Turning of Rapidly Solidified Aluminium (RSA 431)

2020 ◽  
Vol 853 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
F.A Oyekunle ◽  
Khaled Abou-El-Hossein
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Diamond Turning ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Fluids ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

Single-point diamond turning is a technique of ultra-high precision machining that provides excellent quality of surface for mirrors, spherical and aspherical components. In SPDT just like other machining processes, cutting fluid plays an important role in metal removal and tool condition which largely influence the surface of diamond turned surface. In this paper, the surface roughness of diamond turned RSA 431 was studied by investigating the effect of kerosene mist and water as cutting fluids. Higher order response surface of Box-Behnken design was generated using fewer runs than a normal factorial technique. The cutting parameters that were varied for both experiments were depth of cut, feed and, speed. Taylor Hobson PGI Dimension XL surface Profilometer was used to measure the surface roughness after each experimental run. The results show that water when used as cutting fluid during machining, produces better surface roughness than kerosene mist. Predictive models for surface roughness were developed for each experiment. Values from the Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) was used to evaluate and compare the two models to determine the accuracy. RSM also proved to be a better methodology of predicting surface roughness.

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