Structural Deformation of Southern Tien Shan Fold-Thrust Belt — Take the North Margin of Kashi for Example

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1419-1424
Author(s):  
Jun Feng Qian
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Seismic Profile ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Thrust Belt ◽  
The North ◽  
Thrust System ◽  
Shortening Rate ◽  
Detachment Surface

The Structural and deformational features of fold-thrust belt in the north margin of Kashi，southern Tian Shan were disclosed based on various data such as two dimensional seismic profile and field geologic survey. The results show that the fold-thrustbelt can be divided into several rows of anticlines, includingKalaboketuoer-Wenguer, Tuopa-Kangxiweier, Atushi and Kashi on plane,and the development of Atushi anticlines and its north side was controlled by the activity of the thrust system originated along the middle Cambrian Awatage Group from north to south. The fold-thrust belt can be divided into two different spatial levels: the shallow tectonic is a large scale imbricate thrust system, the detachment surface is uplifted from Cambrian system to Neogene system; the deep structure is a buried duplex structure system, the fault in floor and fault in roof are located at gypsic horizon in Cambrian and Neogene systemrespectively. Based on structural deformation analyzing and balanced section technology, the distribution of each anticlinal belt and the structure style of the low and deep thrust systems are confirmed. In this area the distance is shortened by 32.64～49.1km from north to south since Pliocene with the scalage of 40.5%～50.51%，and its average crustal shortening rate is 9.11～13.71mm/a.

Early Sevier orogenic deformation exerted principal control on changes in depositional environment recorded by the Cretaceous Newark Canyon Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175-1197
Author(s):  
Anne C. Fetrow ◽  
Kathryn E. Snell ◽  
Russell V. Di Fiori ◽  
Sean P. Long ◽  
Joshua W. Bonde
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
River System ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Braided River ◽  
Thrust Belt ◽  
North American Cordillera ◽  
The North

ABSTRACT Terrestrial sedimentary archives record critical information about environment and climate of the past, as well as provide insights into the style, timing, and magnitude of structural deformation in a region. The Cretaceous Newark Canyon Formation, located in central Nevada, USA, was deposited in the hinterland of the Sevier fold–thrust belt during the North American Cordilleran orogeny. While previous research has focused on the coarser-grained, fluvial components of the Newark Canyon Formation, the carbonate and finer-grained facies of this formation remain comparatively understudied. A more complete understanding of the Newark Canyon Formation provides insights into Cretaceous syndeformational deposition in the Central Nevada thrust belt, serves as a useful case study for deconvolving the influence of tectonic and climatic forces on sedimentation in both the North American Cordillera and other contractional orogens, and will provide a critical foundation upon which to build future paleoclimate and paleoaltimetry studies. We combine facies descriptions, stratigraphic measurements, and optical and cathodoluminescence petrography to develop a comprehensive depositional model for the Newark Canyon Formation. We identify six distinct facies that show that the Newark Canyon Formation evolved through four stages of deposition: 1) an anastomosing river system with palustrine interchannel areas, 2) a braided river system, 3) a balance-filled, carbonate-bearing lacustrine system, and 4) a second braided river system. Although climate undoubtedly played a role, we suggest that the deposition and coeval deformation of the synorogenic Newark Canyon Formation was in direct response to the construction of east-vergent contractional structures proximal to the type section. Comparison to other contemporary terrestrial sedimentary basins deposited in a variety of tectonic settings provides helpful insights into the influences of regional tectonics, regional and global climate, catchment characteristics, underlying lithologies, and subcrop geology in the preserved sedimentary record.

Analysis of structural deformation in the North Dabashan thrust belt, South Qinling, central China

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1276-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangpeng Li ◽  
Shaofeng Liu ◽  
Tao Qian ◽  
Guoxing Dou ◽  
Tangjun Gao
Keyword(s):  
Central China ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Thrust Belt ◽  
South Qinling ◽  
The North

scholarly journals The Kala Chitta foreland fold and thrust belt, Northern Pakistan

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kaleem Akhtar Qureshi ◽  
Aftab Ahmad Butt ◽  
Riaz A. Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Thrust Belt ◽  
Northern Pakistan ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
Fold And Thrust Belt ◽  
Detachment Surface ◽  
Basal Detachment

The present structural framework of the Kala Chitta Range evolved through movement between two detachment surfaces. The Precambrian Attock Slates acted as a basal detachment surface above which large scale horizontal compression took place to produce the main structural framework of the Kala Chitta Range. The Middle Eocene argillaceous and gypsiferous Kuldana Formation behaved as the upper detachment surface giving rise to blind thrusts which were later exposed due to the intense erosion of the overlying folded Miocene strata.

Opening of the north-eastern Atlantic and onshore mountain rise controlled by Fennoscandian deep structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Makushkina ◽  
Benoit Tauzin ◽  
Meghan Miller ◽  
Hrvoje Tkalcic ◽  
Hans Thybo
Keyword(s):  
Continental Margin ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Receiver Functions ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Active Tectonic

<p>Large-scale topography is thought to be mainly controlled by active tectonic processes. Fennoscandia is located far from any active tectonic setting and yet includes a mountain range along its passive North Atlantic margin. Models proposed to explain the origin of these enigmatic mountains are based on glacial isostatic adjustments, delamination, long-term isostatic equilibration, and dynamic support from the mantle, yet no consensus has been reached. We show that topography along the continental margin of Fennoscandia may be influenced by its deep structure. Fennoscandia formed by amalgamation of Proterozoic and Archean continental blocks; using both S- and P-receiver functions, we discovered that the Fennoscandian lithosphere still retains the original structural heterogeneity and its western margin is composed of three distinct blocks. The southern and northern blocks have relatively thin crust (~40-45 km), while the central block has thick crust (~60 km) that most likely was formed by crustal stacking during the Proterozoic amalgamation. The boundaries of the blocks continue into the oceanic crust as two major structural zones of the North-East Atlantic, suggesting that the Fennoscandian amalgamation structures determined the geometry of the ocean opening.  We found no evidence for mountain root support or delamination in the areas of high topography that could be related with mountain formation. Instead, our results suggest that both crustal and lithospheric heterogeneity of Fennoscandia along the continental margin might have a control on geodynamic forces that support the rise of Scandinavian mountains. </p>

scholarly journals Formation of the Tien Shan North Road, the Silk Road: A Preliminary Report on the First and Second Survey Seasons of the Chuy Valley Archaeological Project (CVAP), Northern Kyrgyz

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Yamafuji ◽  
Bakit Amanbaeva ◽  
Danyar Bazilov
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
The Road ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Archaeological Project ◽  
The Silk Road

Since 2018, the Chuy Valley Archaeological Project (CVAP) has conducted the comprehensive field survey along a part of the ancient Tien Shan North Road in Kara Balta to answer the following questions: 1) the precise period the road began to use, based on the archaeological evidence; 2) the reason why the road had been used frequently during the early Middle Age, ca. fifth to seventh centuries AD; and 3) the whole spectrum of the habitational history including smaller and nomadic remains not documented in the previous researches. The research area measuring ca. 50 km N–S by ca. 35 km E–W consists of flat alluvial plain in the north and gentle slope of the mountain foot in the south. The two seasons confirmed dozens of archaeological remains containing large scale cities/towns (e.g. Shish Tobe, Ak-Tobe Sretenskoe) and remarkable kurgans already known. Consequently, clear patterns of site distribution could provide critical implications for resolving the research issues. This paper reports the preliminary results of the infield surveys in Autumn 2018 and 2019.

scholarly journals Late Jurassic Structural Deformation and Late Cenozoic Reactivation of the Southern Junggar Fold-And-Thrust Belt, NW China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delong Ma ◽  
Jianying Yuan ◽  
Yanpeng Sun ◽  
Hongbin Wang ◽  
Dengfa He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Thrust Belt ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
The North ◽  
Fold And Thrust Belt ◽  
Deformation Features ◽  
Kinematic Analyses

Because of the influence of the far field effect of the collision between Euro-Asian and India plates during the Late Cenozoic, the Tian Shan orogenic belt underwent intense reactivation, forming the Southern Junggar fold-and-thrust belt (SJ-FTB) to the north and the Kuqa fold-and-thrust belt to the south. Most previous research focuses on the deformation features and mechanisms during the Late Cenozoic. However, little research has been done on deformation features and mechanisms during the Late Jurassic. In this paper, we conducted geometric and kinematic analyses of seismic profiles and outcrop data to reveal the Late Jurassic deformation characteristics in SJ-FTB. Furthermore, we carried out sandbox modeling experiments to reproduce the regional structural evolution since the Early Jurassic. Angular unconformity between the Cretaceous and Jurassic is well preserved in the Qigu anticline belt. This unconformity also exists in the Huoerguosi–Manasi–Tugulu (HMT) anticline belt, which is the second fold belt of the SJ-FTB, indicating that the HMT anticline belt started to become active during the Late Jurassic. The Qigu anticline belt reactivated intensively during the Late Cenozoic, and the displacement was transferred to the HMT anticline belt along the Paleogene Anjihaihe Formation mudstone detachment. Therefore, the present-day SJ-FTB forms because of the two-stage compressional deformation from both the Late Jurassic and Late Cenozoic (ca. 24 Ma).

Seismic Behavior Along a Fault Segment in an Active Continental Collision Zone: New Paleoseismic and Structural Data of the Pamir Frontal Thrust in the Alai Valley, Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Patyniak ◽  
Angela Landgraf ◽  
Atyrgul Dzhumabaeva ◽  
Alana M. Williams ◽  
Sultan Baikulov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Alluvial Fan ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Luminescence Dating ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Fault Segment ◽  
Fluvial Terraces ◽  
The North ◽  
Collision Zone ◽  
Shortening Rate

<p>The Pamir Frontal Thrust (PFT) constitutes the northernmost boundary of the Pamir mountain range at the NW edge of the India-Eurasia collision zone. Due to the ongoing collision this active system propagates into and overthrusts the Quaternary deposits of the Alai Valley, an intermontane basin separating the Pamir from the Tien Shan in the north. Geodetic data across the Central Pamir document a shortening rate of 25 mm/yr, with a dramatic decrease of ~10 mm over a short distance across the northernmost Trans-Alai range (250 km aperture); this suggests that almost half of the shortening in the greater Pamir – Tien Shan collision zone is absorbed along the PFT.</p><p>Consequently, the frontal thrusts must accommodate a significant amount of slip and may be capable of generating ≥M7 earthquakes in this part of the orogen. In contrast to similar tectonic settings along the Himalayan megathrust, the present-day seismicity in the Pamir apparently does not reflect the long-term deformation history. Despite few studies in the late 20<sup>th</sup> century, and an extensive data base of recent earthquakes, the relationships between seismicity and the geometry of the thrust zone are not well understood. In this context our study aims to improve the understanding of the earthquake geology of the PFT by asking two principal questions: (1) How much of the PFT is activated during an earthquake rupture? (2) Does the paleoseismic slip history agree with the geodetically-derived shortening rate?</p><p>Here, we present our results of five analyzed paleoseismic trenches that reveal the youngest manifestation of thrusting along the central segment of the PFT. We combined field-based observations with a TanDEM-X data, UAV-based DEMs, and dGPS profiling for an offset analysis along the fault scarp. The interpretation of the trench stratigraphy and event horizons in the context of these tectonic landforms was combined with radiocarbon and luminescence dating to develop an earthquake chronology.</p><p>We find robust evidence for at least three surface-rupturing events during the past 6 kyr. At least one event can be recognized in all five trenches separated by ~10 km, indicating a full-length activation of the central fault segment during rupture. Ages obtained from uplifted fluvial terraces coupled with the total cumulative fault offset indicate a Holocene slip rate of up to 3.5 mm/yr. Based on dip-slip motion offsets per event we estimated an average earthquake paleo-magnitude ranging between M6.5-7.0.</p><p>Despite the regional extent of the central PFT, and a rather high displacement gradient across it, our results suggest a seismic behavior characterized by strong surface-rupturing earthquakes, short surface ruptures, and low slip rates. Earthquakes along this structure do not cover the total geodetic shortening, which suggests that a strongly segmented PFT system may be linked with active seismogenic deformation in the alluvial-fan covered piedmont regions to the north. However, the preservation potential for fault scarps in the piedmont may be low in this highly dynamic environment due to climate-driven fluvial and glacial processes in the high sectors of the Pamir.</p>

Why Has There Been No People’s Power Rebellion in North Korea?

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Andrew Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Al Jazeera ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
Effective System ◽  
The Right

One scenario put forward by researchers, political commentators and journalists for the collapse of North Korea has been a People’s Power (or popular) rebellion. This paper analyses why no popular rebellion has occurred in the DPRK under Kim Jong Un. It challenges the assumption that popular rebellion would happen because of widespread anger caused by a greater awareness of superior economic conditions outside the DPRK. Using Jack Goldstone’s theoretical expla-nations for the outbreak of popular rebellion, and comparisons with the 1989 Romanian and 2010–11 Tunisian transitions, this paper argues that marketi-zation has led to a loosening of state ideological control and to an influx of infor-mation about conditions in the outside world. However, unlike the Tunisian transitions—in which a new information context shaped by social media, the Al-Jazeera network and an experience of protest helped create a sense of pan-Arab solidarity amongst Tunisians resisting their government—there has been no similar ideology unifying North Koreans against their regime. There is evidence of discontent in market unrest in the DPRK, although protests between 2011 and the present have mostly been in defense of the right of people to support themselves through private trade. North Koreans believe this right has been guaranteed, or at least tacitly condoned, by the Kim Jong Un government. There has not been any large-scale explosion of popular anger because the state has not attempted to crush market activities outright under Kim Jong Un. There are other reasons why no popular rebellion has occurred in the North. Unlike Tunisia, the DPRK lacks a dissident political elite capable of leading an opposition movement, and unlike Romania, the DPRK authorities have shown some flexibility in their anti-dissent strategies, taking a more tolerant approach to protests against economic issues. Reduced levels of violence during periods of unrest and an effective system of information control may have helped restrict the expansion of unrest beyond rural areas.

Information And Map-Made Control With The Functions Of Business Analytics For Urban Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 72-78
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Business Analytics ◽  
Administrative District ◽  
The North ◽  
Model Of Management ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Coordination System ◽  
Key Aspects

The key aspects of the process of designing and developing an information and cartographic control tool with business analytics functions for the municipal level of urban management are considered. The review of functionality of the developed tool is given. Examples of its use for the analysis and monitoring of implementation of the program of complex development of territories are given. The importance of application of information support of management and coordination at all levels of management as an integral part of the basic model of management and coordination system of large-scale urban projects of dispersed construction is proved. Information and map-made tool with business intelligence functions was used and was highly appreciated in the preparation of information-analytical and presentation materials of the North-Eastern Administrative District of Moscow. Its use made it possible to significantly optimize the list of activities of the program of integrated development of territories, their priority and timing.

Subsurface stratigraphy and basin-fill architecture of the late Paleozoic eastern Taos trough, northern New Mexico, U.S.A.

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-176
Author(s):  
Nur Uddin Md Khaled Chowdhury ◽  
Dustin E. Sweet
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
Basin Geometry ◽  
Deformation Event ◽  
Thrust System ◽  
Basin Fill

The greater Taos trough located in north-central New Mexico represents one of numerous late Paleozoic basins that formed during the Ancestral Rocky Mountains deformation event. The late Paleozoic stratigraphy and basin geometry of the eastern portion of the greater Taos trough, also called the Rainsville trough, is little known because the strata are all in the subsurface. Numerous wells drilled through the late Paleozoic strata provide a scope for investigating subsurface stratigraphy and basin-fill architecture of the Rainsville trough. Lithologic data obtained predominantly from petrophysical well logs combined with available biostratigraphic data from the greater Taos trough allows construction of a chronostratigraphic framework of the basin fill. Isopach- and structure-maps indicate that the sediment depocenter was just east of the El Oro-Rincon uplift and a westerly thickening wedge-shaped basin-fill geometry existed during the Pennsylvanian. These relationships imply that the thrust system on the east side of the Precambrian-cored El Oro-Rincon uplift was active during the Pennsylvanian and segmented the greater Taos trough into the eastern Rainsville trough and the western Taos trough. During the Permian, sediment depocenter(s) shifted more southerly and easterly and strata onlap Precambrian basement rocks of the Sierra Grande uplift to the east and Cimarron arch to the north of the Rainsville trough. Permian strata appear to demonstrate minimal influence by faults that were active during the Pennsylvanian and sediment accumulation occurred both in the basinal area as well as on previous positive-relief highlands. A general Permian decrease in eustatic sea level and cessation of local-fault-controlled subsidence indicates that regional subsidence must have affected the region in the early Permian.

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