Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) on Cellulose Solution with High Concentration

2015 ◽  
Vol 1095 ◽  
pp. 329-332
Author(s):  
Hai Tao Cao ◽  
Jun Song ◽  
Xiao Lin Fang
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Aprotic Solvent ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Different Order

The effect of DMSO on high concentrated cellulose-AMIMCl was studied in this paper. DMSO decreases the viscosity of cellulose solution obviously, however, the viscosity do not decrease more when the concentration of DMSO increases beyond 30wt%. Cellulose coil can be swelled after adding DMSO as a result of the low viscosity and more coil becomes more apart. The different order of mixture affect the solubility of solvent and DMSO as an excellent aprotic solvent do not affect the degradation of cellulose in AMIMCl.

Dissolution of Cellulose in [Amim]Cl/Lithium Salts Solvents System

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 1100-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xiao Liao ◽  
Jun Song ◽  
Bo Wen Cheng ◽  
Jie Mei
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Lithium Salts ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
High Concentration

Lithium salts were dissolved in ionic liquid [Amim]Cl, and their dissolution behavior were tested by turbidimeter. It is found that the solubility of LiCl in [Amim]Cl is up to 14g/100g [Amim]Cl at 70°C, and it keeps growing as the temperature increase. Turbidity of cellulose solution in [Amim]Cl at 70°C was obtained, but the solubility of high concentration cellulose solution could not be demonstrated accurately in this way. Cellulose solutions with [Amim]Cl or [Amim]Cl/lithium salts as solvents at different temperature were obtained, in which the lithium salts were 1wt%(mass fraction of [Amim]Cl), polarization microscope was used to observe the dissolution behavior of cellulose. The solubility of cellulose would increased as temperature rose, and the solubility of cellulose in [Amim]Cl/1wt%LiCl reached 11.9%(mass fraction of [Amim]Cl) at 80°C, which was higher than in [Amim]Cl 9.4% at 80°C. It is found that the addition of lithium salts into [Amim]Cl can really improve the solubility of cellulose than in [Amim]Cl.

Effects of polymers concentration on EHL film-forming in point contacts

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangwei Qiu ◽  
Xiaoyang Chen ◽  
Fakai Dong
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Point Contact ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Base Oils ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Pure Rolling ◽  
Film Forming

Purpose This paper aims to experimentally investigate the film-forming capability of base oils containing poly-methacrylate (PMA) and poly-isobutene (PIB), in a point contact under pure rolling. Design/methodology/approach By using the relative light intensity method, the film thickness is calculated from the interferometer images which are captured by multiple-contact optical elastohydrodynamic lubricated test rig. Findings The test results reveal that polymers, both PMA and PIB, have a significant contribution to the film-forming capability of base oils and the film thickness increases with concentration. The forming-film capabilities for PMA and PIB in base oils are similar at low concentration, while PIB gives a higher film thickness than PMA at high concentration. Shear-thinning phenomenon are observed in all polymer-based oils. Originality/value The polymer usually as an additive is added into the low viscosity base oils to improve the properties of lubricant oil. This paper reports the lubricated properties of PMA and PIB with different concentrations in base oils and to evaluate their functional mechanism in a point contact. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2020-0263/

scholarly journals Comparison of Strategies in Development and Manufacturing of Low Viscosity, Ultra-High Concentration Formulation for IgG1 Antibody

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 3579-3589
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Deokar ◽  
Alok Sharma ◽  
Rustom Mody ◽  
Subrahmanyam M. Volety
Keyword(s):  
High Concentration ◽  
Igg1 Antibody ◽  
Low Viscosity

Stability analysis of a particle band on the fluid–fluid interface

2019 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Hooshanginejad ◽  
Benjamin C. Druecke ◽  
Sungyon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Radial Flow ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Stable Suspension ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Critical Wavelength ◽  
Hele Shaw Cell

We present experiments and theory for viscous fingering of a suspension of non-colloidal particles undergoing radial flow in a Hele-Shaw cell. As the suspension displaces air, shear-induced migration causes particles to move faster than the average suspension velocity and to accumulate on the suspension–air interface. The resultant particle accumulation generates a pattern in which low-concentration, low-viscosity suspension displaces high-concentration, high-viscosity suspension and is unstable due to the classic Saffman–Taylor instability mechanism. While the destabilising mechanism is well-understood, what remains unknown is the stabilising mechanism that suppresses fine fingers characteristic of miscible fingering. In this work, we demonstrate how the stable suspension–air interface interacts with the unstable miscible interface to set the critical wavelength. We present a linear stability analysis for the time-dependent radial flow and show that the wavenumber predicted by the analysis is in good agreement with parametric experiments investigating the effect of suspension concentration and gap thickness of the Hele-Shaw cell.

scholarly journals Volcanology and inflation structures of an extensive basaltic lava flow in the Payenia Volcanic Province, extra-Andean back arc of Argentina

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Ignacio Bernardi ◽  
Gustavo Walter Bertotto ◽  
Alexis Daniel Ponce ◽  
Yuji Orihashi ◽  
Hirochika Sumino
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flow ◽  
Liquid Core ◽  
Internal Flow ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Volcanic Province ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Effusion Rates ◽  
Flow Pathways ◽  
P Type

The El Puesto lava flow is located in the Payenia Volcanic Province (central-western Argentina), has a length of 70 km and is Middle Pleistocene in age (0.200±0.027 Ma). The flow shows a P-type pahoehoe structure and exhibits several inflation structures, mainly tumuli and also inflation ridges and lava rises. Lava rise pits and radial or annular clefts are common features associated with inflation structures. The gentle slope on which the flow moved (≈0.5°) allowed the lateral coalescence of lobes at the flow front and the development of an external rigid crust that insulated the liquid core. Lava tunnels are frequent and the lava tunnel named “Cueva de Halada” which is located at its medium portion is the best example of a drainage master tube which formed from the cooling of the crust around a stable inflated flow. Tumuli alignments and long inflation ridges reveal the existence of larger tunnels within the flow. Inflation structures may occur in high concentration belts that converge on a single main belt which is assigned to an anastomosed network of internal flow pathways within the main lava body. The development of inflation structures and lava tunnels require low to moderate effusion rates. An average lava supply rate of 1.8x10-4 m3/s and an inflation time of about 15 days were estimated for an average tumulus of this flow. A high and sustained supply of low viscosity lava (η’=1550 - 483 Pa s) was inferred that initially generated a sheet flow of great areal extension. The reduction in effusion rates could then allowed the development of tunnels that carried lava to the distal fronts, generating localized inflation phenomena throughout the lava flow.

scholarly journals RESORT RESOURCES OF THE COUNTRY AS THE MAIN COMPONENT OF THE SYSTEM OF TOURIST LOCAL HISTORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Daryna A. Liuta ◽  
◽  
Eduard A Kryvolapov ◽  
Eugene G. Bortnikov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Local History ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Settlement Systems ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Different Order

The resort is a narrowly specialized territorial entity with a relatively high concentration of relevant specialization functions (balneological, climatotherapeutic and others). The relative territorial homogeneity of resort resources contributes to the formation of areal forms − resort areas, districts and resort areas. That is, the elements that are formed by the subjects-producers of the producer's market, depending on the level of territorial specialization and concentration of tourist activity, can be divided into tourist-excursion and resort. That is, territorial structures are markets of supply of different hierarchical level, complexity and specialization, to which consumer flows are directed and which provide the process of consumption of tourist goods and a certain set of tourist services. The key elements of the territorial structure of the tourist market are the nodes (resorts). Thus, the geospatial structure of the market of tourist services is formed by both sides of the market − the consumer market, forming demand, localizes it in the elements of settlement systems, based on which the demand market is formed and to which the intermediary enterprises to specialization, is localized both in the elements of settlement systems, tending to the centers of concentration of demand, as well as in the territorial structures of different order and specialization, on the basis of which the supply market is formed. Therefore, the article singles out the main scientists who studied resort activities. Also, the article defines the purpose − the characteristics of resort resources as an important component of tourist science. After the study of the outlined problem, conclusions were made based on the objectives. It is determined that the market of tourist services is a system of multifaceted, polystructural, polyform and multilevel system, which operates according to the law of balancing supply and demand, which reproduces the objectively determined need for compliance in time and space. commodity supply, and operates on the basis of fluctuations in production and consumption of tourism products. And resorts in turn are an important element of the tourist market.Keywords: resorts, territorial structure, tourist market, tourism, tourist services.

Aqueous cellulose solution assisted direct exfoliation of graphite to high concentration graphene dispersion

2020 ◽  
pp. 129081
Author(s):  
Pengxiang Yu ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Kangmin Zhang ◽  
Dengjian Zhou ◽  
Mingyuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Solution ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Graphene Dispersion

scholarly journals Role of Doping Agent Degree of Sulfonation and Casting Solvent on the Electrical Conductivity and Morphology of PEDOT:SPAES Thin Films

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Daniela Valeria Tomasino ◽  
Mario Wolf ◽  
Hermes Farina ◽  
Gianluca Chiarello ◽  
Armin Feldhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Doping Agent ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Conducting Materials ◽  
First Time

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) plays a key role in the field of electrically conducting materials, despite its poor solubility and processability. Various molecules and polymers carrying sulfonic groups can be used to enhance PEDOT’s electrical conductivity. Among all, sulfonated polyarylether sulfone (SPAES), prepared via homogenous synthesis with controlled degree of sulfonation (DS), is a very promising PEDOT doping agent. In this work, PEDOT was synthesized via high-concentration solvent-based emulsion polymerization using 1% w/w of SPAES with different DS as dopant. It was found that the PEDOT:SPAESs obtained have improved solubility in the chosen reaction solvents, i.e., N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and, for the first time, the role of doping agent, DS and polymerization solvents were investigated analyzing the electrical properties of SPAESs and PEDOT:SPAES samples and studying the different morphology of PEDOT-based thin films. High DS of SPAES, i.e., 2.4 meq R-SO3−× g−1 of polymer, proved crucial in enhancing PEDOT’s electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the DMSO capability to favor PEDOT and SPAES chains rearrangement and interaction results in the formation of a polymer film with more homogenous morphology and higher conductivity than the ones prepared from DMAc, DMF, and NMP.

Experience in Low Viscosity Guar-Free Fracturing Fluid Under Samotlor Field Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Sergeevich Koplik ◽  
Semen Sergeevich Kudrya ◽  
Denis Alekseevich Zolnikov ◽  
Rustam Albertovich Koltsov ◽  
Alexey Vasilievich Kovalevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Water Flooding ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Fracture Length ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
To Come

Abstract Executive Summary The recently developed Samotlor 2020 campaign includes a requirement to shift the Frac design to synthetic gelling agent (gellant) which would increase production, keep the reservoir clean and also reduce both capital and operational costs for each stage Frac stage (no need to heat up the water, an option to use the well water, no requirement to miniFrac performance, etc.). The key difference between guar-based gels and synthetic gels is a lower viscosity rating that results in a significant increase in the fracture length and an improved ability to transport high concentration of proppant due to its thixotropic properties (the ability of a substance to lower its viscosity as a result of a mechanical impact and grow its viscosity when still). When gel is destroyed throughout the fracture after the Frac is completed the synthetic option allows for a cleaner fracture and helps remove all residual matter from the fracture. Another important consideration is that guar shipments from India make Russian oil vulnerable to price, foreign exchange and availability fluctuations. If guar crops experience a bad year or Indian farmers determine that the market should be refocused on cotton or other areas (i.e. not guar), the guar prices in Russian would likely skyrocket. The authors worked as a team to come up with a list of clear recommendations to develop both new and existing wells for Lower Cretaceous collectors of the Vartovsk and Megion suites such as AV1 (1-2) and BV8(0) to increase production and reduce capital costs. We have determined that Frac fluids based on synthetic modified polyacrylamide start to come to the front and hold a leading position in the area of production stimulation as previously happened to other effective methods such as polymer water flooding, drilling and cementing applications.

Acid-Base Equilibria of Substituted Pyridine N-Oxides in N,N-Dimethylformamide and Dimethyl Sulfoxide

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 185 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Chmurzynski ◽  
Z Warnke
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Aprotic Solvent ◽  
Heterocyclic Amines ◽  
Aprotic Solvents ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acidity Constants ◽  
Pka Values ◽  
Weak Tendency

Acidity constants have been determined potentiometrically for a variety of conjugate acids of substituted pyridine N-oxides in N,N- dimethylformamide ( dmf ) and dimethyl sulfoxide ( dmso ). The pKa values in these solvents varied in the same direction and correlated with the pKa values of these species in water and in the protophobic aprotic solvent acetonitrile. Further, a linear relationship has been established between the pKa values in the two protophilic aprotic solvents under study. The most basic substituted pyridine N-oxides exhibited a weak tendency towards cationic homoconjugation in dmf , whereas in the more basic dmso the homoconjugation equilibrium was not established for any of the heterocyclic N-oxides. The phenomenon of cationic homoconjugation was also not observed with pyridine as a representative of heterocyclic amines, both in dmf and dmso. This finding complies with the results obtained in other polar aprotic solvents.

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