TG-FTIR Analysis of Wood Based Bio-Oil

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2661-2665
Author(s):  
Jin Xing Peng ◽  
Bei Bei Yan ◽  
Guan Yi Chen ◽  
Xin Li Zhu ◽  
Chao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Gaseous Product ◽  
Combustion Mechanism ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Bio Oil

The combustion mechanism of bio-oil derived from wood fast pyrolysis was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) in flowing air. The results show that the combustion process of bio-oil consists of two main consecutive stages at a low heating rate. The combustion reaction becomes more and more intense from the first to the second stage. The release of volatiles occurs mainly at 80～200 °C and 350～500°C, and the gaseous products in each stage are different. The main products in the first stage are H2O with a few low molecule weight compounds, such as methanol, formic acid, etc. In the second stage, some new volatiles such as CO2, CO and CH4, etc. are present. Among the above volatiles, CO2 is the dominant gaseous product in the whole combustion process. The concentrations of CO2 and CO keep increasing, and reach the maximum at about 450 °C. Over 570°C, there are few products released at the end of the combustion process.

scholarly journals Photo-curing kinetics of hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA): synergetic effect of dye/amine photoinitiator systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nouria Bouchikhi ◽  
Manel Bouazza ◽  
Salah Hamri ◽  
Ulrich Maschke ◽  
Djahida Lerari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Curing Kinetics ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Total Conversion ◽  
Photo Curing ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine and evaluate several dye/amine systems as photoinitiators for photopolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) monomer under visible light conditions. For this purpose, a series of dye/amine photoinitiators were formed using methylene blue (MB) or acridine orange (AO) as photosensitizers, and triethanolamine (TEOA), ethyl 4-(dimethylamino) benzoate (EDMAB), trioctylamine (TOA), and N,N-diméthylallylamine (DMAA) as co-initiators. The photopolymerization kinetic of the HEA monomer in the presence of proposed dye/amine systems was performed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and the synergetic effect of the dye/amine photoinitiators systems on the photopolymerization efficiency was examined. Interestingly, (MB/EDMAB) system shows the better reactivity with a total conversion of HEA monomer.

scholarly journals Investigation on Smoke Suppression Mechanism of Hydrated Lime in Asphalt Combustion

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Zhu ◽  
Yunhe Wang ◽  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Daquan Tang ◽  
Lingzhu Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Smoke Suppression ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Acidic Gases ◽  
Suppression Mechanism

In this study, cone calorimeter and thermogravimetric analyses were used to simulate the asphalt combustion process under the conditions of fire radiation and programmed temperature increase. The gaseous compositions and release rules were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy to investigate the influence of hydrated lime on the smoke suppression mechanism in the asphalt combustion process. The experimental results show that hydrated lime can promote the asphalt mastic surface to form a barrier layer during the combustion process. This barrier layer can reduce the burning intensity of asphalt. Although the compositions of gaseous products do not change much, the rates of CO production and smoke release are decreased. In addition, hydrated lime is alkaline and can thus neutralize acidic gases such as SO2 and reduce the toxicity of gaseous products. With the addition of 40 wt.% hydrated lime, the total smoke release and the CO release rate both decrease by more than 20% relative to the addition of the same amount of limestone fillers and decrease by more than 10% relative to the addition of the same amount of magnesium hydroxide flame retardant.

Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Potential Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite Biocomposites

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 30-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C.A. Leal ◽  
I.V.S.R. Nascimento ◽  
M.V.L. Fook ◽  
R.C. Meira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Polymer Binder ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Scanning Electron

The incorporation of calcium phosphate in a polymer matrix for composites production combines the flexibility of the polymers with the resistance, hardness and bioactivity of the inorganic phase. This study aimed to obtain rigid biocomposites using hydroxyapatite as mineral phase and chitosan as a polymer binder for the application as a biomaterial. To obtain the biocomposites, hydroxyapatite was added under constant stirring to a solution of chitosan in order to satisfy a 70:30 (HA/CS) ratio. XRD results showed no significant change in the profile of hydroxyapatite with the incorporation of chitosan. The analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the biocomposite HA/CS, indicated that there was an excellent dispersion of HA particles in the polymeric matrix. Infrared Spectroscopy with Fourier Transform (FTIR) analysis proved an existing interaction between chitosan and hydroxyapatite. The biocompatibility of biocomposites HA/CS was confirmed by the MTT assay. It is considered that the present biocomposites are a promising biomaterial for trabecular bone grafting

Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis of the Ammoxidation of 4-Methylthiazole over a Metal Oxide Catalyst

1983 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
David D. Saperstein
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Oxide Catalyst ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Unexpected Reaction ◽  
On Line

The gaseous products of the reaction of 4-methylthiazole (4-MT), air, 14NH3, and 15NH3 have been analyzed by on-line Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The products observed, including those due to partial and full oxidation, account for 95 to 98% of the starting 4-MT. Estimates of the activation energy (20 kcal/mol) and the excess heat due to combustion (350 kcal/mol/mol of 4-MT combusted) have been calculated. In addition, we have observed an unexpected reaction that is formally bimolecular in 4-MT.

Componential Analysis of Esterified Bio-Oil Prepared from Pyrolysis of Rice Stalk

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 130-133
Author(s):  
Yao Lu ◽  
Zhi Min Zong ◽  
Fang Jing Liu ◽  
Shou Ze Wang ◽  
Yu Qing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Boiling Point ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Componential Analysis ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy

Bio-oil, with high oxygen-containing character, which was prepared from flash pyrolysis of rice stalk powders, was upgraded by the method of catalytic esterification with methanol. The esterified oil was distilled stepwise from 60 °C to 105 °C, and the fractions were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) for the distribution of species. It was found that 58% of the components were detected in the fraction of 60 °C-80 °C, with 1,1-dimethoxypropan-2-one was the most abundant species. The residue, in which the boiling point of species were higher than 105 °C were resolved in acetone, and also analyzed with GC/MS. The results showed that phenols are the most abundant species, and following the ketones and hydrocarbons.

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