The Comparison of Physicochemical Properties of Four Cross-Linked Sodium Hyaluronate Gels with Different Cross-Linking Agents

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1506-1512
Author(s):  
Yu Jia Cui ◽  
Wei Guo Wang ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Yong Liang Zhao ◽  
Ya Nan Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Abstract：PurposeThe physicochemical properties of four Cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gels(CHA) with different cross-linking agents were conpared.In order to research out the different stability and Enzyme-resistant properties of these CHA.Methods The CHA hydrogels were prepared with different cross-linking agents, such as PEG20000, PDE, BDDE and ADH. The optimal reaction conditions were determined by single factor experiment. Dynamic viscosity was tested by Stabinger method. Intrinsic viscosity was tested by Uzziah's viscosity method. The in vitro Enzyme-resistant properties of CHA-gels were analysed by carbazole and spectrophotometry. Results The concentrations of NaOH/HCl, concentrations of HA and the ratio of cross-linking agent to HA were significant conditions which influenced the physicochemical properties of CHA gels. PDE-CHA and PEG20000 gels have best Dynamic viscosity, PDE-CHA gel has best Intrinsic viscosity, ADH-CHA and BDDE-CHA gels have better Enzyme-resistant properties than PEG20000-CHA and PDE-CHA gels.Conclusion The CHA-gel prepared under optimal reaction conditions have different physical and chemical properties, which set foundation for developing double cross-linked gel with both excellent stability and Enzyme-resistant properties.

Physicochemical Properties and In Vitro Digestibility of Dual‐Modified Starch by Cross‐Linking and Annealing

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100102
Author(s):  
Shuyu Jia ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Haibo Zhao ◽  
Haiteng Tao ◽  
Pengfei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Modified Starch

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characteristics of Arginine Enriched NaF Varnish: An In Vitro Study

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2998
Author(s):  
Mohammed Nadeem Bijle ◽  
Manikandan Ekambaram ◽  
Edward Lo ◽  
Cynthia Yiu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Stable Matrix

The in vitro study objectives were to investigate the effect of arginine (Arg) incorporation in a 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish on its physical and chemical properties including F/Arg release. Six experimental formulations were prepared with L-arginine (L-Arg) and L-arginine monohydrochloride at 2%, 4%, and 8% w/v in a 5% NaF varnish, which served as a control. The varnishes were subjected to assessments for adhesion, viscosity, and NaF extraction. Molecular dynamics were simulated to identify post-dynamics total energy for NaF=Arg/Arg>NaF/Arg<NaF concentrations. The Arg/F varnish release profiles were determined in polyacrylic lactate buffer (pH-4.5; 7 days) and artificial saliva (pH-7; 1 h, 24 h, and 12 weeks). Incorporation of L-Arg in NaF varnish significantly influences physical properties ameliorating retention (p < 0.001). L-Arg in NaF varnish institutes the Arg-F complex. Molecular dynamics suggests that NaF>Arg concentration denotes the stabilized environment compared to NaF<Arg (p < 0.001). The 2% Arg-NaF exhibits periodic perennial Arg/F release and shows significantly higher integrated mean F release than NaF (p < 0.001). Incorporating 2% L-arginine in 5% NaF varnish improves its physical properties and renders a stable matrix with enduring higher F/Arg release than control.

scholarly journals Adjuvants plus phytosanitary products and the effects on the physical-chemical properties of the spray liquids

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Heros Teodoro de Assunção ◽  
Saulo Felipe Brockes Campos ◽  
Luciana Alves Sousa ◽  
Ernane Miranda Lemes ◽  
Cesar Henrique Souza Zandonadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Phytosanitary Products

The frequent tank mixing of phytosanitary products, adjuvants, and foliar fertilizers highlights the lack of information which sustains decisions about what products can be mixed for spray application. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides in combination with some adjuvants on the Brazilian market. The experimental design was completely randomized and spray mixes of the phytosanitary products: fungicide (azoxystrobin+benzovindiflupir), herbicide (diamônio salt of N-(phosponomethyl)) or insecticide (fenpropathrin) were evaluated in combination with adjuvants (mineral oil base, foliar fertilizer or lecithin + propionic acid), and in two application rates (95 and 52 L ha-1); all with four replications. Surface tension, electrical conductivity, pH, dynamic viscosity and density of spray mixes were evaluated. The adjuvants presented characteristics capable of significantly altering the physicochemical properties of the phytosanitary spray mixes, and thus, alter the biological effectiveness and efficiency of the spray applications. However, its effects are also dependent on the phytosanitary product added to the spray mix, which makes general recommendations a difficult task. The greatest pH reduction, as well as the greatest increase in electrical conductivity, were caused by the adjuvant lecithin + propionic acid. All phytosanitary products and adjuvants studied, associated or not, resulted in a reduction in the surface tension of the spray mix in relation to water. The magnitude of change of density and dynamic viscosity promoted by adjuvants was lower than the other characteristics evaluated.

scholarly journals IN VITRO STUDY OF PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE «BALANCED SALT SOLUTION − H2O» SYSTEM WITH THE PURPOSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF TREATMENT, REHABILITATION AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Kofanova ◽  
К. Tkachuk ◽  
O. Kofanov ◽  
M. Saveliev ◽  
O. Tverda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Physico Chemical

The research is devoted to the in vitro study of the behavior of the model system «irrigation balanced salt solution BSS − H2O» in order to further develop treatment, rehabilitation and prevention measures for patients with ophthalmic diseases. The aim of the investigation is the experimental determination and analysis of physico-chemical properties of irrigated balanced salt solution, the study of its behavior in the aquatic environment to model changes in the characteristics of intraocular fluid and further development of rehabilitation and preventive measures for ophthalmic patients. Materials and Methods. The study used methods of physico-chemical analysis, in particular, densimetry and viscosimetry of model systems containing BSS for intraocular use and double-distilled water in different volume ratios. The density of the system was determined pycnometrically (20.00 0С ± 0.05 0С; 101.3 kPa); the correction for weight loss of bodies in the air has been taken into account. Viscosity was measured under the same conditions with an Ostwald viscometer. Statistical analysis and evaluation of the reliability of the results were performed using such software products as MS Excel 2007, Google Spreadsheets, SPSS Statistics. Results. Approximate mathematical models of the dependences of density and kinematic and dynamic viscosity on the composition of the multicomponent system «BSS – H2O» were obtained with quite high coefficients of determination. Statistical significance and adequacy of model selection were tested by Student's criterion at a significance level of 5 %. To develop therapeutic, prophylactic and rehabilitation measures, mathematical models of kinematic and dynamic viscosity dependences on the density of the «BSS – H2O» system, measured under the same conditions, were built. The models also have high coefficients of determination. Conclusion. The in vitro physico-chemical analysis of the system «BSS – H2O», as well as the obtained approximate mathematical models can be used to predict possible changes in the characteristics of irrigated balanced salt solution during its long stay in the patient's eye.

scholarly journals Co-Crystals of Resveratrol and Polydatin with L-Proline: Crystal Structures, Dissolution Properties, and In Vitro Cytotoxicities

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5722
Author(s):  
Yijie Lou ◽  
Kaxi Yu ◽  
Xiajun Wu ◽  
Zhaojun Wang ◽  
Yusheng Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Hek 293 ◽  
Dissolution Properties ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Resveratrol (RSV) and polydatin (PD) have been widely used to treat several chronic diseases, such as atherosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and diabetes, among several others. However, their low solubility hinders their further applications. In this work, we show that the solubility of PD can be boosted via its co-crystallization with L-proline (L-Pro). Two different phases of co-crystals, namely the RSV-L-Pro (RSV:L-Pro = 1:2) and PD-L-Pro (PD:L-Pro = 1: 3), have been prepared and characterized. As compared to the pristine RSV and PD, the solubility and dissolution rates of PD-L-Pro in water (pH 7.0) exhibited a 15.8% increase, whereas those of RSV-L-Pro exhibited a 13.8% decrease. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay of pristine RSV, PD, RSV-L-Pro, and PD-L-Pro against lung cancer cell line A549 and human embryonic kidney cell line HEK-293 indicated that both compounds showed obvious cytotoxicity against A549, but significantly reduced cytotoxicity against HEK-293, with PD/PD-L-Pro further exhibiting better biological safety than that of RSV/RSV-L-Pro. This work demonstrated that the readily available and biocompatible L-Pro can be a promising adjuvant to optimize the physical and chemical properties of RSV and PD to improve their pharmacokinetics.

Abstract 230: Lipoprotein X Causes Renal Disease in LCAT Deficiency

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward B Neufeld ◽  
Alice Ossoli ◽  
Seth G Thacker ◽  
Boris Vaisman ◽  
Milton Pryor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Lcat Deficiency ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Dependent Pathway

Familial lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency (FLD) is characterized by low HDL, accumulation of an abnormal cholesterol-rich multilamellar particle called lipoprotein-X (LpX) in plasma, and renal disease. The aim of our study was to determine if LpX is nephrotoxic and to gain insight into the pathogenesis of FLD renal disease. We administered a synthetic LpX, nearly identical to endogenous LpX in its physical, and chemical properties, to wild-type and Lcat -/- mice. Our in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated an apoA-I and LCAT-dependent pathway for LpX conversion to HDL-like particles, which likely mediates normal plasma clearance of LpX. Plasma clearance of exogenous LpX was markedly delayed in Lcat -/- mice, which have low HDL but only minimal amounts of endogenous LpX and do not spontaneously develop renal disease. Chronically administered exogenous LpX deposited in all renal glomerular cellular and matrical compartments of Lcat -/- mice, and induced proteinuria and nephrotoxic gene changes, as well as all of the hallmarks of FLD renal disease as assessed by histological, TEM, and SEM analyses. Extensive in vivo EM studies revealed LpX uptake by macropinocytosis into mouse glomerular endothelial cells, podocytes, and mesangial cells and delivery to lysosomes, where it was degraded. Endocytosed LpX appeared to be degraded by both human podocyte and mesangial cell lysosomal PLA 2 and induced podocyte secretion of pro-inflammatory IL-6 in vitro and renal Cxl10 expression in Lcat -/- mice. In conclusion, LpX is a nephrotoxic particle that in the absence of LCAT induces all of the histological and functional hallmarks of FLD and hence may serve as a biomarker for monitoring recombinant LCAT therapy. In addition, our studies suggest that LpX-induced loss of endothelial barrier function and release of cytokines by renal glomerular cells likely plays a role in the initiation and progression of FLD nephrosis.

scholarly journals Comparing the Physicochemical Properties of Upgraded Biomass Fuel by Torrefaction and the Ashless Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lkhagvadorj Sh ◽  
Byoung-Hwa Lee ◽  
Young-Joo Lee ◽  
Chung-Hwan Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
High Heating Rate ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Herbaceous Biomass ◽  
High Heating ◽  
Pitch Pine ◽  
Proximate And Ultimate Analysis ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the influence of torrefaction and an ashless process on the physical and chemical properties of pitch pine sawdust (PSD) and kenaf as types of woody and herbaceous biomass. The physicochemical properties of the materials pretreated by the ashless process with torrefaction including proximate and ultimate analysis, hydrophobicity, grindability, morphology, and structure were analyzed. The results showed that when ashless Kenaf was torrefied, the high heating rate and atomic ratios of O/C and H/C increased. The tendency of the torrefied, ashless Kenaf to absorb water decreased, and it became more hydrophobic (approximately 0% for the uptake rate of moisture). In addition, the grindability of the torrefied, ashless Kenaf was substantially improved compared to that of pretreated PSD. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and scanning electron microscopy results showed that when Kenaf was pretreated, particles easily lost their fibrous structure and cracked as the number of macropores decreased. These results indicate that the herbaceous biomass of Kenaf, when pretreated with both torrefaction and the ashless process, exhibits improved physicochemical properties compared to the woody PSD.

In vitro Degradation Analysis of 3D-architectured Gelatin-based Hydrogels

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (12-13) ◽  
pp. 633-642
Author(s):  
Jun Hon Pang ◽  
Christian Wischke ◽  
Andreas Lendlein
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Polypeptide Backbone ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Physical And Chemical

ABSTRACT:Multifunctional biopolymer-based materials are promising candidates for next generation regenerative biomaterials. Understanding the degradation behavior of biomaterials is vital for ensuring biological safety, as well as for better control of degradation properties based on rational design of a material’s physical and chemical characteristics. In this study, we decipher the degradation of a hydrogel prepared from gelatin and lysine diisocyanate ethyl ester (LDI) using in vitro models, which simulate hydrolytic, oxidative and enzymatic degradation (collagenase). Gravimetrical, morphological, mechanical and chemical properties were evaluated. Notably, the hydrogels were relatively resistant to hydrolytic degradation, but degraded rapidly within 21 days (>95% mass loss) under oxidative and collagenase degradation. Oxidative and collagenase degradation rapidly decreased the storage and loss modulus of the hydrogels, and slightly increased their viscous component (tan δ). For each degradation condition, the results suggest different possible degradation pathways associated to the gelatin polypeptide backbone, urea linkages and ester groups. The primary degradation mechanisms for the investigated gelatin based hydrogels are oxidative and enzymatic in nature. The relative hydrolytic stability of the hydrogels should ensure minimal degradation during storage and handling prior to application in surgical theatres.

scholarly journals Rat α2 acute-phase macroglobulin. Isolation and physicochemical properties

1976 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Gauthier ◽  
H Mouray
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Acute Phase Reactant ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Physical And Chemical

1. Rat α2 acute-phase macroglobulin was isolated from turpentine-injected rats by Sephadex G-200 chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. This method, since it does not include (NH4)2SO4 treatment, allows the study of the physicochemical as well as the biological properties of the molecule. 2. The purity of the preparation was demonstrated by ultracentrifugation, polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, fused “rocket” immunoelectrophoresis as well as double immunodiffusion. 3. The rat α2 acute-phase macroglobulin was characterized in terms of its main physical and chemical properties. Its isoelctric point was determined by isoelectrofocusing to be 4.55; s020,w was 18.4S and E1%/1cm at 278 nm was 6.8. The mol.wt. was determined by light-scattering to be 770000. 4. The amino acid content was compared with that of rat α1 macroglobulin and was found very similar. The carbohydrate composition of α2 acute-phase macroglobulin was determined to be: hexose, 4.25%; glucosamine, 3.4%; sialic acid, 2%; fucose, 0.2%. From these results it was concluded that α2 acute-phase macroglobulin, although a typical acute-phase reactant, possesses the characteristic physicochemical properties of α macroglobulins.

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