Effect of Different Biochars on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat on Different Soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2665-2669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Liu ◽  
Ming Da Liu ◽  
Zeng Gui Gao ◽  
Dan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Agronomic Efficiency ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Neutral Soil ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Different Soils

Effects of two types of biochars from wheat straw (SB) and hard miscellaneous woods (WB), combined with two types of soils on the growth and yield of wheat were evaluated to identify biochar addition to suitable soils on crop yield for accelerating biochar application. Plant growth variables and yields were studied in order to assess the agronomic efficiency of biochar. Our results showed that both biochar additions to an alkaline soil had little or negative effect on plant growth and wheat yield. However, to neutral soil, addition of both biochars could improve plant growth and increase significantly the wheat yield. There were significant differences on effective spikelet, number of seeds, above ground biomass and no significant differences on total spikelet, TKW among different treatments which SB was applied in neutral soil, whereas there were no significant differences on any aforementioned index at application of WB in neutral soil. Further analysis indicated that effect of SB on yield was better than that of WB, and 6% SB and 2% WB were the best for neutral soil respectively.

Rhizobacteria containing ACC-deaminase confer salt tolerance in maize grown on salt-affected fields

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 1302-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajid Mahmood Nadeem ◽  
Zahir Ahmad Zahir ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Muhammad Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Salt stress is one of the major constraints hampering agricultural production owing to its impact on ethylene production and nutritional imbalance. A check on the accelerated ethylene production in plants could be helpful in minimizing the negative effect of salt stress on plant growth and development. Four Pseudomonas , 1 Flavobacterium , and 1 Enterobacter strain of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC)-deaminase were selected and their effects on growth and yield of maize were investigated to improve the salt tolerance of maize grown on salt-affected fields. The selected rhizobacterial isolates reduced or eliminated the classical “triple” response, indicating their ability to reduce stress-induced ethylene levels. Results showed that rhizobacterial strains, particularly Pseudomonas and Enterobacter spp., significantly promoted the growth and yield of maize compared with the non-inoculated control. Pseudomonas fluorescens increased plant height, biomass, cob yield, grain yield, 1000 grain mass, and straw yield of maize up to 29%, 127%, 67%, 60%, 17%, and 166%, respectively, over the control. Under stress conditions, more N, P, and K uptake and high K+–Na+ ratios were recorded in inoculated plants compared with the control. The results imply that inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria containing ACC-deaminase could be a useful approach for improving growth and yield of maize under salt-stressed conditions.

scholarly journals Seed Pre-Soaking with Melatonin Improves Wheat Yield by Delaying Leaf Senescence and Promoting Root Development

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ye ◽  
Wenjia Yang ◽  
Yulin Li ◽  
Shiwen Wang ◽  
Lina Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

The effects of exogenous application of melatonin (MEL) on promoting plant growth and alleviating environmental stresses are already known, but the potential value in crop production is still poorly understood. In this study, the effects of seed pre-soaking with MEL on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and yield were investigated in a continuous two-year pot experiment and another year of field experimentation. Results showed that seed pre-soaking with different concentrations of MEL (10, 100 and 500 μM) for 24 h increased grain yields per plant from 29% to 80% in pot experiment and increased grain yield per area from 4–19% in field experiment, compared with the controls. Further analysis showed that the beneficial effects of MEL on improving wheat grain yield can be ascribed to: (1) increased spike number by enhancing tiller number; (2) enhanced carbon assimilation capacity by maintaining large leaf area, high photosynthetic rate and delaying leaf senescence; (3) promoted growth in root system. The result of this study suggests that MEL could be considered as an effective plant growth regulator for improving grain production in winter wheat.

scholarly journals Effects of Osmotic, Thermal and Plant Growth Regulators Seed Priming on Different Wheat Varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
MGU Ahmed ◽  
F Khatun ◽  
Z Islam
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Conventional Farming ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Index 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Growth Of Seedlings ◽  
Better Than

Proper germination and proper growth of seedlings in conventional farming methods are often not achieved at the desired rate. The purpose of priming is to reduce germination time and improve stand and percentage of germination and increases vigour for fast and strong plant development. In order to evaluate the effect of seed priming on growth and yield of wheat the present study was conducted at Agronomy Farm House, Rajshahi University. Three wheat varieties (BARI Gom-24, BARI Gom-25 and BARI Gom-26) were tested with three groups of priming media (osmo-priming, thermos-priming and plant growth regulator priming) and control (non-soaked). Seeds were primed for 24 h at 25°C with four priming media, osmo-priming (1% NaCl, 2% KNO3, 2% KH2PO4, and 10% PEG), PEG-Priming (50 μM GA3 and 50 μM BAP) and thermo-priming (0°C, 5°C and 10°C) and control was without priming agent. All types of priming media were significantly different among their types for plant height (cm), tiller number and dry biomass (g). PEG was significantly different in osmo-priming, GA3 was significantly different in PGR-priming and 0°C was significantly different in thermo-priming. In case of vigor index, 2% KH2PO4 was suitable among osmo-priming, GA3 was better than BAP priming and 0°C was optimum among all temperature priming. Seed priming helps seeds to grow rapidly and evenly in the field, producing healthier and faster maturing crops with better yields. J. Bio-Sci. 29(2): 111-122, 2021 (December)

The effects of soil type on the early growth of lettuce

1986 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Costigan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Different Soils

SUMMARYLarge and consistent differences in growth rate of lettuce on different soils were recorded in two consecutive experiments in which lettuce cv. Avondefiance was grown for about 4 weeks in miniplots of 13 different soils. The miniplots were 20 cm in diameter and 20 cm deep and were buried flush with the soil surface at a single site. Each soil received the recommended amount of fertilizer and only seedlings emerging on a particular day were allowed to grow on. The relative performance of the different soils was very similar in each of the experiments with the plants in the best soil being 2·2–3·3 times heavier than those on the worst soil by the end of the experiments. The relative growth rates (RGR) of the plants were positively correlated with % P in the plants (accounting for 44–68% of the variation in RGR) and in turn with the availability of P in the soil. There was also a negative effect of soil organic matter on RGR, acting independently of % P, so that a multiple regression with % P and organic matter accounted for 65% of the variance of RGR in Expt 1 and 75% in Expt 2. Soil solution phosphorus appeared to be a useful measure for assessing phosphorus availability as plant growth was reduced only when concentrations fell below about 1 μg/ml.

scholarly journals EFEK SISA ASAM HUMAT DARI KOMPOS JERAMI PADI DAN PENGELOLAAN AIR DALAM MENGURANGI KERACUNAN BESI (FE) TANAH SAWAH BUKAAN BARU TERHADAP PRODUKSI PADI

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ruhaimah Ruhaimah ◽  
Asmar Asmar ◽  
Mimien Harianti
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Fe Toxicity ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Plot Design

Fe toxicity on recent ricefield has been common problem in ricefield management to increase rice productivity. Adding organic matter like humic acid from any source (such as hay residue compost) and water management (intermitten flooding and continue flooding) can reduce Fe toxicity and it will be able to increase rice yield in one plant season.  But how about in second plant season, this research will found effect of adding humic acid from hay compost residue and water management. The objective of this research was to study the interaction of hay compost humic acid residue effect and water management  on Fe abundant and nutrient uptake and rice yield in recent ricefield.  This research has done by split-split plot design 2 x 4. The main plot which was treatment of water management were permanent flooding and intermitten (P1 and P2). And the  split plot which was  humic acid treatments were Ao = 0 ppm (0 Kg humic acid /Acre), A1= 200 ppm (400 Kg humic acid/A), A2= 400 ppm (800 Kg humic acid/A), A3 = 600 ppm (1200 Kg humic acid /A). Data analysed by statistical methode, if the treatments were significant to be continued by Duncan 05 % analysis.  The result has obtained of this research which was Eh value of soil in flooding and intermitten was decrease in every week because treatment of humic acid in first season. The content of Fe2+ in soil was increase in every week until the 8th week. Value of soil pH until 8th week flooding was increase, and caused P available and P potencial were increase too. Plant growth and yield of rice in second season not better than first season, and for intermitten flooding caused better plant growth and yield of rice.    Keyword :  Fe Toxicity, Humic Acid, water management, Recent Ricefield

scholarly journals Effects of Modification and Co-Aging with Soils on Cd(II) Adsorption Behaviors and Quantitative Mechanisms by Biochar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuowen Meng ◽  
Shuang Huang ◽  
Zhongbing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Acid Soil ◽  
Carbonate Content ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Modified Biochar ◽  
Adsorption Behaviors ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Mesh Method ◽  
Neutral Soil ◽  
Rice Straw Biochar ◽  
Better Than

Abstract In this study, original rice straw biochar and two KMnO4-modified biochars (pre- and postmodification) were prepared, which were all pyrolysed at 400℃. Premodified biochar had the largest Cd adsorption capacity, strongest acid and solute buffering capacity, which benefited from the increase of carbonate content, specific surface area and the emergence of Mn(II) and MnOx through modification. Original and premodified biochars were then conducted four types of aging process, namely, aging without soil, co-aging with acid (pH=5.00), neutral (pH=7.00) and alkaline (pH=8.30) soils, using an improved three-layer mesh method. The adsorption capacities of modified biochar were always larger than those of original biochar after aging processes. After four aging processes, Cd(II) adsorption capacities were basically in the order of aged biochar without soil > biochar co-aged with alkaline soil > biochar co-aged with neutral soil > biochar co-aged with acid soil, and KMnO4-modified biochar was always better than original biochar after co-aging with soils. The dominant adsorption mechanism of original and premodified biochars (fresh and aged) for Cd(II) was all the precipitation and adsorption with minerals (accounted for 58.55%~85.55%). In this study, we highlighted that biochar remediation for Cd should be evaluated by co-aging with soil instead of aging without soil participation.

MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPOSES OF COW PEA (CV. PUSA BARSATI) GROWN ON FLY ASH AMENDED SOIL IN PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF MELOIDOGYNE JAVANICA AND RHIZOBIUM LEGUMINOSARUM

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Singh ◽  
A. A. Khan ◽  
Iram Khan ◽  
Rose Rizvi ◽  
M. Saquib
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Insignificant Difference

Plant growth, yield, pigment and protein content of cow-pea were increased significantly at lower levels (20 and 40%) of fly ash but reverse was true at higher levels (80 and 100%). Soil amended by 60% fly ash could cause suppression in growth and yield in respect to 40% fly ash treated cow-pea plants but former was found at par with control (fly ash untreated plants). Maximum growth occurred in plants grown in soil amended with 40% fly ash. Nitrogen content of cow-pea was suppressed progressively in increasing levels of fly ash. Moreover,  Rhizobium leguminosarum  influenced the growth and yield positively but Meloidogyne javanica caused opposite effects particularly at 20 and 40% fly ash levels. The positive effects of R. leguminosarum were marked by M. javanica at initial levels. However, at 80 and 100% fly ash levels, the positive and negative effects of R. leguminosarum and/or M. javanica did not appear as insignificant difference persist among such treatments.Key words:  Meloidogyne javanica; Rhizobium leguminosarum; Fly ash; Growth; YieldDOI: 10.3126/eco.v17i0.4098Ecoprint An International Journal of Ecology Vol. 17, 2010 Page: 17-22 Uploaded date: 28 December, 2010  

Zinc oxide nanoparticles help to enhance plant growth and alleviate abiotic stress: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Faizan ◽  
Fangyuan Yu ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Ahmad Faraz ◽  
Shamsul Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Agricultural Yield

: Abiotic stresses arising from atmosphere change belie plant growth and yield, leading to food reduction. The cultivation of a large number of crops in the contaminated environment is a main concern of environmentalists in the present time. To get food safety, a highly developed nanotechnology is a useful tool for promoting food production and assuring sustainability. Nanotechnology helps to better production in agriculture by promoting the efficiency of inputs and reducing relevant losses. This review examines the research performed in the past to show how zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are influencing the negative effects of abiotic stresses. Application of ZnO-NPs is one of the most effectual options for considerable enhancement of agricultural yield globally under stressful conditions. ZnO-NPs can transform the agricultural and food industry with the help of several innovative tools in reversing oxidative stress symptoms induced by abiotic stresses. In addition, the effect of ZnO-NPs on physiological, biochemical, and antioxidative activities in various plants have also been examined properly. This review summarizes the current understanding and the future possibilities of plant-ZnO-NPs research.

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