Study of the Effect of Hot Gas on Atomization Quality of Spray Forming

2013 ◽  
Vol 774-776 ◽  
pp. 1190-1193
Author(s):  
Qing Yang ◽  
Ying Dong Qu ◽  
Rui Ming Su ◽  
Bing Kun Zheng ◽  
Yu Sheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Hot Gas ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
First Time

In the spray forming process, the atomizing quality is not very good under the low pressure. This article attempts to improve the quality of atomization through heating the gas. A mathematical model is built and calculated according to the existing knowledge, and then the influence of airflow temperature in the spray forming is theoretical calculated and analyzed. The experimental results show that the average grain size is 54μm when the gas is not heated; the average grain size is 39 μm which decreases by 27.7% than airflow unheated when the gas is heated to 150 °C. The calculation results show that when the gas is not heated, the first time atomization grain size is 201 μm, the second time atomization grain size is 15 μm, the total atomization time is 92 μs. And the velocity of atomization droplets is 80 m/s; when the airflow temperature is 150°C, the above results are 131 μm, 10 μm, 76 μs and 127 m/s respectively, the atomization quality has a certain improvement compared to the unheated condition. At the same time, the grain shape becomes more round as the temperature of airflow increases, and the holes between the grains also become smaller.

Physical Quality of Turmeric Powder (Curcuma longga Linn) Result of Foam-mat Drying Method Using Microwave

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Dhinar Patliani ◽  
Dian Purbasari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Two Factors

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L) in Indonesia is widely known as a herbal medicinal plant, food coloring, and food flavoring. The high water content of turmeric will shorten the storage time and the quality of the ingredients. The need for drying which is the process of removing the moisture content of the material with the aim of prolonging the shelf life. The use of the foam-mat drying method with the addition of adhesives aims to speed up the drying process and maintain the quality of a material. The result of drying turmeric obtained is turmeric powder product. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the variation of the microwave oven power and the composition of the developer agent (ovalet). The research procedure was divided into two stages, namely the manufacture of powder and continued with the measurement of physical quality. The stages of making powder begin with the preparation of raw materials, stripping, size reduction, addition of developer, drying, then grinding. The second stage is measuring physical quality, namely fineness modulus, average grain size, powder moisture content, color, water absorption, oil absorption, and bulk density. The power variations used are 420 watts, 535 watts, and 680 watts, while the composition of the developer is 1%, 2%, and 4%. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA statistical test with two factors that affect the variation of power and composition of the developer (ovalet). FM values ​​ranged from 0.364 – 1.576, D values ​​ranged from 0.005 – 0.0012 mm, final moisture content values ​​ranged from 7.60 – 9.59%, powder moisture content values ​​ranged from 9.47 – 11.43%ww , L values ​​ranged from 61.46 – 65.96, a values ​​ranged from 13.54 – 16.05, b values ​​ranged from 48.21 – 52.42, DSA values ​​ranged from 2.78 – 3.54 ml/ g, DSM values ​​ranged from 1.22 – 1.60 ml/g, and DC values ​​ranged from 0.38 – 0.44 g/cm3. The combination treatment of drying power with developer is influenced by the drying power of the parameters, namely the value of moisture content, fineness modulus, average grain size, brightness level, redness level, yellowness level, oil absorption, water absorption, and bulk density. While the developer affects the finenes modulus, average grain size, yellowness level, and bulk density.

Effect of Warm Rolling on Microstructure and High Temperature Mechanical Behavior of a Nano-Structured Al-8Fe-2Mo-2V-1Zr Alloy

2005 ◽  
Vol 486-487 ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Yong Kim ◽  
Jae Sung Park ◽  
Mok Soon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
Warm Rolling ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Additional Process

Mechanical properties of a nano-structured Al-8Fe-2Mo-2V-1Zr alloy produced by spray forming and subsequent hot-extrusion at 420°C were investigated in terms of tensile test as a function of temperature. Warm rolling was adapted as an additional process to expect further refinement in microstructure. Well-defined equiaxed grain structure and finely distributed dispersoids with nano-scale in particle size were observed in the spray formed and hot extruded sample (as-received sample). The average grain size and particle size were measured to 500 nm and 50 nm, respectively. While it was found that warm rolling gives rise to precipitate fine dispersoids less than 10 nm without influencing the grain size of matrix phase, in the temperature range of RT∼150°C, distinguishable changes in ultimate tensile strength were not found between the as-received and warm-rolled samples. At elevated temperatures ranging from 350 to 550°C, warm-rolled sample showed a higher value of elongation than as-received one although similar values of elongation were observed between two samples at temperatures lower than 350°C.

Numerical Modelling of Shape Evolution of Tubular Preform in Spray Forming Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 2426-2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Zong Xiang ◽  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Wen Jun Fan ◽  
You Duo He
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Shape Evolution ◽  
Effective Algorithm ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Movement Parameters

A three-dimensional mathematical model of growth, integrated with a new and effective algorithm for visibility checking, has been established based on a spray forming equipment with three different fixed atomizers in this paper. The model was used to predict the geometrical shape and the thickness profiles of the tubular deposit under various situations. By investigating and discussing the effects of different mandrel movement parameters and spray heights, the optimal atomizer of the equipment to fabricate a tubular preform was identified numerically.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effect of La and TiB2 Particles on Grain Refinement in Aluminum Alloy

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 600
Author(s):  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Yan Song ◽  
Linjie Yang ◽  
Jiuzhou Zhao ◽  
Jie He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Grain Refining ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
La Addition ◽  
Tib2 Particles ◽  
Addition Level

Synergistic effect of TiB2 (in form of Al-5Ti-1B) and La on grain refining results in Al-2Cu alloy was investigated. α-Al grains are significantly refined by Al-5Ti-1B. When trace La is added to the melt, further refinement is exhibited. Average grain size and nucleation undercooling of α-Al reduce first and then almost remain unchanged with La addition. Satisfactory grain refining result achieves when La addition level reaches 600 ppm. When more than 600 ppm La is added to the melt, La-rich particles form and the effect of solute La left in matrix on the microstructure almost no longer changes. Theoretical calculation results demonstrate that solute La segregates to Al melt/TiB2 particles interface along with Ti and Cu prior to α-Al nucleation and the synergistic effect of La and TiB2 particles on grain refinement mainly attributes to the enhancement in the potency of TiB2 particles to heterogeneously nucleate α-Al by trace La addition.

scholarly journals CONDITIONAL OPTIMIZATION MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE ASPHALT CONCRETE MIXTURE GRADING

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Henrikas Sivilevičius ◽  
Valentinas Podviezko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
First Time ◽  
Model Algorithm ◽  
Purification Equipment ◽  
Conditional Optimization

A new partial conditional optimization method which enables to select the best ratio of imported fillers not only while designing the composition of asphalt concrete mixture but also while adjusting the composition of the produced asphalt concrete mixture according to the actual quality of hot fractions is presented. The constructed mathematical model, algorithm and the solved task prove that irrespective of the number of fillers (from 2 to 7 and more) the ratio of their mass can be selected which enables to produce an asphalt concrete mixture which meets the requirements of the composition project best. The mass ratio λ of imported fillers A 1 and reclaimed dust A 2, which settled and accumulated in the dry purification equipment of an asphalt concrete plant presented in Regulations DAT.AD-96 was taken into account for the first time. Methodological scientific novelty and a possibility to apply it in practice can improve the control of asphalt concrete mixture production.

Forming Technology and Microstructure Distribution of Automobile Oil Pump Shaft by Extruded Cross Wedge Rolling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Dao Shu ◽  
Tai-Zhu Chen ◽  
Ying Chang ◽  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Wen-Wei Gong
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Fem Simulation ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Cross Wedge Rolling ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Oil Pump ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Pump Shaft ◽  
Utilization Ratio ◽  
Material Utilization

Abstract In order to improve the material utilization ratio of automobile oil pump shaft, the extrusion wedge cross rolling process was developed to form automobile oil pump shaft, the results show that the volume of the blank head produced by extrusion cross wedge rolling is reduced by about 75% compared with that produced by traditional cross wedge rolling, and the material utilization ratio can be increased to about 95%. The microstructure distribution of automobile oil pump shaft formed by this process was studied systematically by fem simulation and experiment, get the forming process can make the grain size of oil pump shaft rolling parts refine continuously, and finally obtain fine and uniform grain structure. The average grain size measured by the experiment is in good agreement with the simulation results. The research results lay a theoretical foundation for reducing oil pump cost and improving life.

Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Fe-6.5wt%Si Alloy Obtained by Spray Forming Process

2005 ◽  
Vol 498-499 ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Cézar Alves da Silva ◽  
Claudemiro Bolfarini ◽  
Claudio Shyinti Kiminami
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Coercive Force ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Antiphase Domain ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Maximum Permeability ◽  
Microstructure And Magnetic Properties

Deposits of the Fe-6.5wt%Si alloy produced by spray forming were annealed at temperatures between 900 and 1300oC, during 1h in vacuum and quenched in oil at temperatures between 300 and 700oC, separately. Magnetic properties, singular microstructure and random crystallographic texture were measured. After annealing at 1250°C for 1h under vacuum, the average grain size is of 500 μm, the grain orientation is random and the magnetic properties were: power loss of 1.30 W/kg, maximum permeability of 15400 and coercive force of 40 A/m, at B=1 T, f=60 Hz by using 0.60 mm thick rings for all studied samples. Higher annealing temperatures cause no decreasing of these properties. After quenched at 700°C, an improvement the magnetic properties where detected due to antiphase domain B2 growth. The magnetic properties were: power loss of 1.59 W/kg, maximum permeability of 12300 and coercive force of 76 A/m, at B=1 T, f=60 Hz.

Thermal Analysis for the Prediction of Grain Refinement: An Experimental Investigation on an AlSiMg Foundry Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 1029-1034
Author(s):  
Lucia Lattanzi ◽  
Annalisa Fortini ◽  
Maverick Giovagnoli ◽  
Mattia Merlin ◽  
Stefano Pirletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Prediction Tool ◽  
Cooling Curves ◽  
Characteristic Temperatures ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Fading Effect

Thermal analysis is widely used as a prediction tool for the quality of Al alloys before casting. In the present work, the effects of different grain refiners on the characteristic temperatures and on the grain size of α-Al phase were studied by thermal analysis and metallographic investigations. The response of an AlSiMg alloy towards grain refiners, added in form of rods and tabs, was investigated. In foundry practice, the fading phenomenon of grain refiners is well-known but not completely understood. For these reasons, the fading effect of each refiner at 60 minutes and 120 minutes holding times was also studied. Cooling curves and their derivatives were obtained during solidification of the alloys in a metallic crucible. Experimental data indicated the increase of the temperature associated with the nucleation of α-Al dendrites for the grain-refined alloys in comparison to the untreated ones. Simultaneously, a decrease in primary Al growth temperature, that led to the disappearance of the minimum temperature, were observed. Microstructural features revealed that an increase of 6 ÷ 7 °C of the nucleation temperature, compared to the not refined alloy, corresponds to a significant decrease in average grain size.

scholarly journals Effect of Grain Boundaries on the Electron Work Function of Ultrafine Grained Aluminum

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Orlova ◽  
A.V. Ankudinov ◽  
A.M. Mavlyutov ◽  
N.N. Resnina
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Work Function ◽  
High Pressure Torsion ◽  
Electron Work Function ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
First Time ◽  
Specific Length

Abstract The electron work function (EWF) of ultrafine grained (UFG) aluminum structured by high pressure torsion (HPT) has been investigated. For the first time, the dependence of the EWF on the specific length of grain boundaries (or the grain size) for UFG Al has been obtained. The change of average grain size was achieved by short term annealing of HPT-processed aluminum at different temperatures from the range 90-400 °C. It has been shown that the state of grain boundaries (GBs) affects the magnitude of the EWF. It has been found that the transformation of GBs due to annealing at 90 °C from a nonequilibrium to more equilibrium state while maintaining the specific length of GBs and their average misorientation is accompanied by a decrease in average GB specific energy by 0.3 J m-2. This transition provides a sharp increase in the EWF of the UFGAl by 0.25 eV.

Study on Microstructures and Components Uniformity of 7050 Aluminum Alloy with Annulus Electromagnetic Stirring Casting

2016 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 716-721
Author(s):  
Ya Bao Wang ◽  
Zhen Lin Zhang ◽  
Bao Li ◽  
Zhi Hua Gao ◽  
Zhi Feng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Shape Factor ◽  
Grain Shape ◽  
Chemical Component ◽  
Electromagnetic Stirring ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Globular Structure ◽  
7050 Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Average Grain Size

7050aluminum alloy billets processed by semi-continuous casting were studied using conventional casting (N-EMS), conventional electromagnetic stirring casting (EMS) and annulus electromagnetic stirring casting (AEMS), respectively. Adopting the method of mathematical statistics, Zn, Mg, Cu chemical component uniformity and the microstructure of 7050 aluminum alloy billets were analyzed. The results showed that the high chemical component uniformity of the AEMS billets were obtained compared with N-EMS and EMS. The Zn, Mg, Cu element component variance was reduced 26% compared with EMS. And the A-EMS process exhibited superior grain refinement and remarkable structure homogeneity, which mainly consisted of rosaceous and nearly globular structure. The average grain size for AEMS sample was 42μm, and the grain shape factor was about 0.68.

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