Improving Oil well Cement Slurry Performance Using Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose Polymer

2013 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 222-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Abbas ◽  
Sonny Irawan ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Ahmed A.I. Elrayah
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Multifunctional Additive ◽  
Wide Range

At present, high temperature oil wells are known as the most problematic for cementing operation due to limitations of polymer. The polymers are significantly used as mutlifunctional additives for improving the properties of cement slurry. At high temperature, viscosity of polymer decreases and unable to obtained desired properties of cement slurry. It becomes then major cause of fluid loss and gas migration during cementing operations. Thus, it necessitates for polymers that can able to enhance viscosity of slurry at elevated temperatures. This paper is aiming to study Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) polymer at high temperature that is able to increase the viscosity at elevated temperature. In response, experiments were conducted to characterize rheological properties of HPMC at different temperatures (30 to 100 °C). Then it was incorporated as multifunctional additive in cement slurry for determining API properties (fluid loss, free water, thickening time and compressive strength). It was observed that HPMC polymer has remarkable rheological properties that can have higher viscosity with respect to high temperatures. The best concentration of HPMC was found from 0.30 to 0.50 gallon per sack. This concentration showed minimal fluid loss, zero free water, high compressive strength and wide range of thickening time in cement slurry. The results signified that HPMC polymer is becoming multifunctional additive in cement slurry to improve the API properties of cement slurry and unlock high temperature oil wells for cementing operations.

scholarly journals Application of cellulose-based polymers in oil well cementing

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Ghulam Abbas ◽  
Sonny Irawan ◽  
Khalil Rehman Memon ◽  
Javed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Petroleum Engineering ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Operational Cost ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Multifunctional Additive ◽  
Water Separation

AbstractCellulose-based polymers have been successfully used in many areas of petroleum engineering especially in enhanced oil recovery drilling fluid, fracturing and cementing. This paper presents the application of cellulose-based polymer in oil well cementing. These polymers work as multifunctional additive in cement slurry that reduce the quantity of additives and lessen the operational cost of cementing operation. The viscosity of cellulose polymers such as hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) has been determined at various temperatures to evaluate the thermal degradation. Moreover, polymers are incorporated in cement slurry to evaluate the properties and affect in cement slurry at 90 °C. The API properties like rheology, free water separation, fluid loss and compressive strength of slurries with and without polymer have been determined at 90 °C. The experimental results showed that the viscosity of HPMC polymer was enhanced at 90 °C than other cellulose-based polymers. The comparative and experimental analyses showed that the implementation of cellulose-based polymers improves the API properties of cement slurry at 90 °C. The increased viscosity of these polymers showed high rheology that was adjusted by adding dispersant which optimizes the rheology of slurry. Further, improved API properties, i.e., zero free water separation, none sedimentation, less than 50 ml/30 min fluid loss and high compressive strength, were obtained through HEC, CMC and HPMC polymer. It is concluded that cellulose-based polymers are efficient and effective in cement slurry that work as multifunctional additive and improve API properties and cement durability. The cellulose-based polymers work as multifunctional additive that reduces the quantity of other additives in cement slurry and ultimately reduces the operational cost of cementing operation. The comparative analysis of this study opens the window for petroleum industry for proper selection of cellulose-based polymer in designing of cement slurry.

scholarly journals Analyzing Cement Rheological Properties Using Different Additive Schemes at High Pressure and High Temperature Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 466-474
Author(s):  
Khalil Rehman Memon ◽  
Aftab Ahmed Mahesar ◽  
Shahzad Ali Baladi ◽  
Muhannad Talib Sukar
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Loss Control

The experimental study was conducted on rheological properties in laboratory to measure the integrity of cement slurry. Three samples were used and analyzed at different parameters to check the elasticity of cement slurry. Additives with various concentrations, i.e. silica fume % BWOC (Present by Weight on Cement) (15, 17, 19 and 21), dispersant % Wt (Percent Weight) (0.21, 0.26 and 0.31) and additional 1; % Wt of fluid losscontrol were used to improve the performance of the cement slurry at the temperature of 123oC. The results have shown that increase in the concentration of dispersants that have caused to decrease in the Plastic Viscosity (PV), Yield Point (YP) and GS (Gel Strength). The rheological properties of cement were improved with the addition of fluid loss control additive in 21 % BWOC (Present by Weight on Cement) silica fume increase the water quantity in cement slurry that improve its durability and to reduce the strength retrogression in High Temperature High Pressure (HTHP) environment. Results were achieved through HTHP OFITE Viscometer (Model 1100).

scholarly journals An Experimental Assessment of Iraqi Local Cement and Cement Slurry Design for Iraqi Oil Wells Using Cemcade

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Amel Habeeb Assi ◽  
Faleh H.M. Almehdawi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Oil Wells ◽  
Optimal Concentration ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Cement Sample ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Micro Silica

This effort is related to describe and assess the performance of the Iraqi cement sample planned for oil well-cementing jobs in Iraq. In this paper, major cementing properties which are thickening time, compressive strength, and free water in addition to the rheological properties and filtration of cement slurry underneath definite circumstances are experimentally tested. The consequences point to that the Iraqi cement after special additives encounter the requests of the API standards and can consequently is used in cementing jobs for oil wells. At this research, there is a comparative investigation established on experimental work on the effectiveness of some additives that considered as waste materials which are silica fume, bauxite, and glass powder, and other conventional additives which are: (SCR -100 Retarder, HR-5, FWCA, Hollow Glass Spheres (HGS) and Halad-9) that currently used in our fields on local Iraqi cement and putting foreign cement results as a governor. Chemical analysis for Iraqi cement, imported cement, and waste materials samples was determined using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique and found minor differences in composition between those samples and depending on the results of X-ray, we selecting the appropriate additives to prepare cement slurry samples. The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) results show that Iraqi Cement has a low value of silica which is about 18.63% while Omani cement about 37.58%. This research examined the potential of micro silica, bauxite, and waste glass powder to produce sustainable cement slurry. The results showed that adding micro silica and bauxite enhances the performance of Iraqi cement but also leads to a slight decrease in thickening time. To avoid this problem, Superplasticizer is used to make the process of cement pumping more easily, in other words, increase thickening time and increase compressive strength. Furthermore, adding glass powder increase the value of compressive strength. Both additives (waste and conventional) are used for the slurry design for achieving better slurry properties, but waste additives increase and enhance Iraqi cement performance than conventional additives, in other words, making it more effective than commercial cement. Depending on the results of the compressive strength test, the optimal concentration of the waste materials used in this research was found, and then the optimal concentration was used to prepare cement samples. The results showed that the use of waste materials to prepare cement slurry is a promising way to improve the efficiency of cement work and to reduce the negative environmental impact resulting from the industry. The results of the program CemCADE proved to be the sample A and C showed good performance through high cement bonding and ideal distribution of fluids designed to accomplish the cementing process.

Improvement and Control of Cement Slurry Formulation Resistant to the Critical Conditions HPHT

2015 ◽  
Vol 1105 ◽  
pp. 339-345
Author(s):  
Soumia Bechar ◽  
Djamal Zerrouki
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽  
And Control ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The ambition of the world oil industry is currently directed toward the deepest traps of oil and gas, despite the very high temperatures. The objective of this study is to improve and control a conventional formulation of cement slurry that meets the critical conditions during the cementing of 7" liner on high pressure/high temperature (HPHT) gas well at 5570m depth, located at Hassi Berkine in the southern Algeria. Under the influence of high temperature, the characteristics of the cement slurry changed. We carried out several tests on various samples in order to revise the design by using equivalent substitutions of the additives to obtain a better profile. The use of a new, very powerful, synthetic retarder (SR-31L) instead of liquid, modified sodium lignosulfonate (R-15 L) led us to obtain a significant thickening time but decreased the rheological properties as well as fluid loss and free water. We also provided a gas block by introducing latex-styrene-butadiene with a specific stabilizer (LS-1) in combination with a compatible bonding agent (amorphous silica) in aqueous suspension (BA-58L). The study determined one of the best cement slurry designs practicable on different down-hole applications in HPHT wells.

scholarly journals A Brief Review of Gas Migration in Oilwell Cement Slurries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2369
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Tao ◽  
Eilis Rosenbaum ◽  
Barbara G. Kutchko ◽  
Mehrdad Massoudi
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Gel Strength ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Gas Migration ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Wellbore Pressure ◽  
Lower Fluid

Gas migration in oil and gas wells is defined as gases and/or fluids from adjacent formations invading a freshly cemented annulus. During well completions, gas and/or fluids can migrate to zones with lower pressure or even to the surface. Static gel strength (SGS), related to the yield stress of the cement, is a widely accepted measurement used to predict and minimize gas migration. In this review article, we look at the mechanisms and some possible solutions to gas migration during oil and gas well cementing. The use of static gel strength (SGS) and experimental measurements for SGS and wellbore pressure reduction are discussed. Rheological properties, including the yield stress and the viscosity of cement slurries, are also briefly discussed. Understanding the rheological properties of cement is complex since its material properties depend on cement type, as well as the shape and size distribution of cement particles. From this brief review, it is evident that in order to reduce free water and settling of the cement particles, to lower fluid loss, and to develop compressive strength in the early stages of cementing, an optimal cement slurry design is needed. The SGS test is a standard method used in estimating the free water in the well and could be a reference for gas migration reduction for oilwell cement slurries.

Liquid Strength Retrogression Control Additive

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Jadhav ◽  
Thomas Pisklak
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Slurry Stability ◽  
Well Cement

Abstract To mitigate strength retrogression at temperatures, higher than 230°F, well cement designs typically include strength retrogression control additives (SRCAs). Solid siliceous materials (e.g., silica flour, fume, and sized-sands) are commonly used SRCAs that are incorporated into cements using dry-blending techniques. This study highlights liquid silica compositions as alternative SRCAs to dry-blended silica for high-temperature cementing. Liquid additives can be managed easily, delivered accurately, and offer a reduced on-site footprint, thus making them particularly advantageous for operations offshore and in remote locations. This paper presents a study on the use of liquid silica compositions as SRCAs and their effect on cement slurry properties, such as thickening time, mixability, fluid loss, rheology, and free water. The cement slurry used during the current study was prepared and tested according to API RP 10B-2 (2005). The performance of the liquid silica composition was tested at temperatures up to 400°F. Set cement samples were prepared using the liquid silica composition and silica flour, cured for up to 14 days at different temperatures. In addition, permeability testing was also performed on the samples. This paper presents the findings of this research, including strength and permeability test results on cement blends cured at temperatures of 300, 330, 350, and 400°F. The liquid silica composition, which provided silica to the cement formulation equivalent to 35% BWOC dry silica (48% BWOC liquid SRCA), functioned effectively as an SRCA at temperatures up to 330°F. Signs of strength retrogression were observed at 350°F and were more pronounced at 400°F. A greater concentration of the liquid silica composition may be necessary to prevent strength retrogression at temperatures higher than 330°F. The liquid silica composition also demonstrated mild retardation and a dispersing effect on the slurry. However, it helped enable improved slurry stability and suspension, thus providing improved control over free water without adverse effects on fluid loss and sedimentation. The study results demonstrate that a liquid SRCA can help improve the performance of annular cement designs to provide dependable barriers and effective zonal isolation during high-temperature cementing applications. The improved performance enabled by this liquid silica composition verifies its potential use as an alternative SRCA for high-temperature oil well cementing operations.

Effect of Microblock on the Compressive Strength of Portland Cement at Elevated Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nediljka Gaurina-Međimurec ◽  
Krunoslav Sedić ◽  
Anel Čajić ◽  
Ante Matijević
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Cement Slurry

Cementation of casing string depends on composition and properties of cement slurry. The properties of Portland cements must often be modified to meet the demands of a particular well application. These modifications are accomplished by the admixing of additives that effectively alter the hydration chemistry. Silica (SiO2) is used most frequently for the prevention of strength retrogression. It can have a different particle size (“silica sand”, with an average particle size of about 100 μm; “silica flour”, with an average particle size of about 15 μm; and “silica fume”, with mean particle size between 0,1 μm and 0,2 μm). Commercially available additive “Microblock” was used in lab tests. It is a liquid cement additive made from a finely divided, high surface-area silica (D50: cca 0.15 μm; D90: cca 0.75 μm). “Microblock” can help prevent high-temperature strength retrogression, control lost circulation as well as gas migration and can provide a degree of fluid-loss control. The Portland cement slurries with 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% of “Microblock” have been tested. Results of laboratory tests have shown that silica fume (also known as microsilica) affects the slurry properties such as thickening time, rheology, fluid loss, free water, slurry stability, and set cement compressive strength. The development of high early compressive strength is important to ensure structural support to casing and hydraulic/mechanical isolation of downhole intervals. The development of compressive strength of Portland cement slurries with and without “Microblock” at different curing temperature (90 °C, 120 °C and 150 °C) has been determined by Ultrasonic cement analyzer. Results have shown that “Microblock” affects the properties of cement slurry and set cement. The compressive strength has been higher with the addition of “Microblock” than compressive strength of neat PC slurry, but negative effect has been exhibited on slurry rheology and early strength development at elevated temperatures.

CARPENTER T-K

Alloy Digest ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Extrusion Dies ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Red Hardness

Abstract Carpenter T-K is a tungsten-chromium type hot-work steel having good red-hardness and resistance to abrasion. It will withstand high operating temperatures up to 1000 F for long periods. It is recommended for hot shear blades, forging and extrusion dies, hot compression tools, and similar applications where high compressive strength and wear resistance at elevated temperatures are required. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-219. Producer or source: Carpenter.

Zaczyny cementowe z dodatkiem nanorurek węglowych do uszczelniania otworów wiertniczych o wysokiej temperaturze i ciśnieniu złożowym (150°C, 90 MPa)

Nafta-Gaz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-331
Author(s):  
Miłosz Kędzierski ◽  
◽  
Marcin Rzepka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
High Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

The article presents the results of the influence of carbon nanotubes on the mechanical parameters of cement stones under high temperature and pressure conditions (150°C, 90 MPa). The tests used multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with an external diameter of 10–20 nm and a length of 10–30 μm. Cement slurries contained 0.1% of CNTs bwoc (by the weight of cement). Laboratory tests of cement slurries were carried out at the Oil and Gas Institute – National Research Institute. The tests were carried out under conditions of increased pressure and temperature at 150°C, 90 MPa. Cement slurries were prepared on the basis of class G drilling cement. Developing recipes were guided by the requirements to be met by cement slurry for the cementing of casing in the conditions of high temperature and reservoir pressures. The densities of tested slurries ranged from 1900 kg/m3 to 2250 kg/m3 (slurries with the addition of hematite). The cement slurries were tested for density, fluidity, rheological parameters, filtration and thickening time. Compressive strength tests and measuring adhesion were carried out after 2, 7, 14 and 28 days. Cement slurry recipes with very good technological parameters were developed and after curing (after 28 days of hydration) had very high values of compressive strength, reaching up to 45 MPa. Cements were characterized by high values of adhesion to pipes reaching up 7 MPa after 28 days. The research showed significant information about possible applications of carbon nanotubes to modify the cement slurry under conditions of high temperature and pressure. The conducted tests confirmed that the addition of even small amounts of CNTs improves the mechanical parameters of the cement stone compared to the base sample without such addition, and also reduces the thickening time of cement slurries and reduces filtration. It is investigated that CNTs addition increases the viscosity and yield point of cement slurry. As a result, slurries with the addition of MWCNTs will more effectively displace the mud from the borehole and significantly affect the quality of cementation.

scholarly journals Impact of Elevated Temperatures on Strength Properties and Microstructure of Calcium Sulfoaluminate Paste

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6751
Author(s):  
Konrad A. Sodol ◽  
Łukasz Kaczmarek ◽  
Jacek Szer ◽  
Sebastian Miszczak ◽  
Mariusz Stegliński
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Calcium Sulfoaluminate ◽  
Wide Range

This article is motivated by civil fire safety. Fire-prevention engineering demands a wide range of information about building materials including alternative cements, for instance CSA-cement. Because of exposure of the cement-base material to a high temperature, its strength properties deteriorate due to dehydration connected with phase and microstructure changes. Previous research indicated that the main endothermic reaction of CSA-based composite, dehydration of ettringite, might be used as a cooling system for a metal structure during fire-load. This article examines visual assessment, microstructure, density, as well as flexural and compressive strength parameters of CSA-based composite after isothermal heating at temperatures from 23 °C to 800 °C. The results of SEM/EDS investigations showed that the calcium sulfoaluminate paste may start partially re-sintering above 600 °C. Mechanical tests revealed significant reduction of strength parameters but residual compressive strength was maintained in the whole temperature range e.g., 8 MPa at 800 °C. Additionally, visual assessment of the specimens indicated that it might be possible to predict the material temperature heating based on the specific surface color. These findings add to the evidence of general knowledge about CSA hydrates.

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