Microstructural Refinement of Pure Copper by Friction Stir Processing

mproving ductility in metals using friction stir processing (FSP) is a challenging effort and is made by means of a rotating tool inserted in a work piece providing heat transfer and plastic deformation. In this investigation, improving ductility during FSP was determined as a purpose and the microstructure and mechanical properties of nugget zone were investigated during friction stir processing (FSP) of pure copper. Ductility was measured using tensile elongations at a temperature of 20 °C. By varying the traverse speed from 40 to 100 mm/min at rotation speeds of 300 and 600 rpm, the ultrafine grain microstructure was achieved .Defects were observed in rotational speed of 300 rpm. By increasing traverse speed at constant rotational speed of 600 rpm grain size of the nugget zone decreased and ductility increased. Achievable ductility was limited by cavity formation due to lower heat input and deformation in samples with defects.

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Effect of Processing Parameters on Thermo-Mechanically Affected Zone of Friction Stir Processed AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis, Volume 1 ◽

10.1115/esda2010-25056 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

M. Taherishargh ◽

N. Parvin ◽

P. Asadi

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Magnesium Alloy ◽

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

The Other ◽

Az91 Magnesium Alloy ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Az91 Magnesium

AZ91 Magnesium alloy was subjected to friction stir processing (FSP). The microstructural analyses of the friction stir processed (FSPed) specimens were carried out and the effects of pass number, rotational speed, and traverse speed upon thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) were investigated. The TMAZ is consisted of a region with highly elongated grains and a partially recrystalized zone. Decreasing the rotational speed and increasing the traverse speed increased the thickness of recrystallized zone; while, the thickness of the other zone decreased. On the other hand, it lessened the gradient of the grain size from the stir zone (SZ) to the base metal. Applying several FSP passes, lead to more homogeneous TMAZ structure with the finer grain size.

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Influence of Process Parameters on Microstructure of Friction Stir Processed Mg AZ31 Alloy

Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-1798-6.ch051 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1293-1305

Author(s):

G. Venkateswarlu ◽

M.J. Davidson ◽

G.R.N. Tagore ◽

P. Sammaiah

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Grain Refinement ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Tilt Angle ◽

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

Homogeneous Microstructure ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Tool Tilt Angle

Friction stir processing (FSP) has been developed on the principles of friction stir welding (FSW) as an effective and efficien new method for grain refinement and microstructural modification, providing intense plastic deformation as well as higher strain rates than other conventional severe plastic deformation methods. FSP produces an equiaxed homogeneous microstructure consisting of fine grains, resulting in the enhancement of the properties of the material at room temperature. The objective of the present paper is to examine the influence of friction stir processing (FSP) parameters namely tool rotational speed (RS), tool traverse speed (TS) and tool tilt angle (TA) on the microstructures of friction stir processed AZ31B-O magnesium alloy. This investigation has focused on the microstructural changes occurred in the dynamically recrystallised nugget zone/ stir zone and the thermo mechanically affected zone during FSP. The results presented in this work indicate that all the three FSP process parameters have a significant effect on the resulting microstructure and also found that the rotational speed has greatly influenced the homogenization of the material. The grain refinement is higher at intermediate rotational speed (1150 rpm), traverse speed (32 mm / min and tilt angle (10). It is established that FSP can be a good grain refinement method for improving the properties of the material.

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Establishing the Dependence of Output Parameters Depending on Local Process Conditions for Friction Stir Welding of Pure Copper Plates

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1146.32 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1146 ◽

pp. 32-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marius Adrian Constantin ◽

Ana Boşneag ◽

Eduard Niţu ◽

Lia Nicoleta Boţilă

Keyword(s):

Friction Stir Welding ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Welding Speed ◽

Frictional Heating ◽

Pure Copper ◽

Fusion Welding ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Local Process ◽

Welding Processes

Welding copper and its alloys is usually difficult to achieve by conventional fusion welding processes because of high thermal diffusivity of the copper, which is at least 10 times higher than most steel alloys, in addition to this, there are the well-known disadvantages of conventional fusion welding represented by necessity of using alloying elements, a shielding gas and a clean surface. To overcome these inconveniences, Friction Stir Welding (FSW), a solid state joining process that relies on frictional heating and plastic deformation, is being explored as a feasible welding process. In order to achieve an increased welding speed and a reduction in tool wear, this process is assisted by another one (TIG) which generates and adds heat to the process. The research includes two experiments for the FSW process and one experiment for tungsten inert gas assisted FSW process. The process parameters that varied were the rotational speed of the tool [rpm] and the welding speed [mm/min] while the compressive force remained constant. The purpose of this paper is to correlate the evolution of temperature, tensile strength, elongation and microscopic aspect with the linear position on the joint (local process parameters) for each experimental case and then make comparisons between them, and to identify and present the set of process parameters that has the best mechanical properties for this material.

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Effect of Tool Rotational Speed on Microstructure and Microhardness of AA6082/TiC Surface Composites using Friction Stir Processing

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.234 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 592-594 ◽

pp. 234-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Thangarasu ◽

N. Murugan ◽

I. Dinaharan ◽

S.J. Vijay

Keyword(s):

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

Tool Rotational Speed ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Surface Composite ◽

Surface Composites ◽

Homogenous Distribution ◽

Tool Pin ◽

Scanning Electron

Friction stir processing (FSP) is as a novel modifying technique to synthesize surface composites. An attempt has been made to synthesis AA6082/TiC surface composite using FSP and to analyze the effect of tool rotational speed on microstructure and microhardness of the same. The tool rotational speed was varied from 800 rpm to 1600 rpm in steps of 400 rpm. The traverse speed, axial force, groove width and tool pin profile were kept constant. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to study the microstructure of the fabricated surface composites. The results indicated that the tool rotational speed significantly influenced the area of the surface composite and distribution of TiC particles. Higher rotational speed provided homogenous distribution of TiC particles while lower rotational speed caused poor distribution of TiC particles in the surface composite. The effect of the tool rotational speed on microhardness is also reported in this paper.

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Wear and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloy Based Hybrid Composites [(SiC+Gr) and (SiC+Al2O3)] Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

Volume 2A: Advanced Manufacturing ◽

10.1115/imece2013-64734 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

A. Kumar ◽

A. Devaraju ◽

B. Kotiveerachari

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Aluminum Alloy ◽

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Solid Lubricant ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Optical Microscope ◽

High Wear Resistance ◽

Nugget Zone ◽

Friction Stir

In this investigation, the influence of tool rotational speed on wear and mechanical properties of Aluminum alloy based surface hybrid composites fabricated via Friction stir processing (FSP) was studied. The fabricated surface hybrid composites have been examined by optical microscope for dispersion of reinforcement particles. Microstructures of all the surface hybrid composites revealed that the reinforcement particles (SiC, Gr and Al2O3) are uniformly dispersed in the nugget zone. It is observed that the microhardness is decreased with increasing the rotational speed and exhibited higher microhardness value in Al-SiC/Al2O3 surface hybrid composite at a rotational speed of 900 rpm, due to presence and pining effect of hard SiC and Al2O3 particles. It is also observed that high wear resistance exhibited in the Al-SiC/Gr surface hybrid composites at a rotational speed of 900 rpm due to presence of SiC and Gr acted as load bearing elements and solid lubricant respectively. The observed wear and mechanical properties have been correlated with microstructures and worn morphology.

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Influence of Process Parameters on Microstructure of Friction Stir Processed Mg AZ31 Alloy

International Journal of Surface Engineering and Interdisciplinary Materials Science ◽

10.4018/ijseims.2014010103 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 47-58

Author(s):

G. Venkateswarlu ◽

M.J. Davidson ◽

G.R.N. Tagore ◽

P. Sammaiah

Keyword(s):

Plastic Deformation ◽

Grain Refinement ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Tilt Angle ◽

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

Homogeneous Microstructure ◽

Influence Of Process Parameters ◽

Friction Stir

Friction stir processing (FSP) has been developed on the principles of friction stir welding (FSW) as an effective and efficien new method for grain refinement and microstructural modification, providing intense plastic deformation as well as higher strain rates than other conventional severe plastic deformation methods. FSP produces an equiaxed homogeneous microstructure consisting of fine grains, resulting in the enhancement of the properties of the material at room temperature. The objective of the present paper is to examine the influence of friction stir processing (FSP) parameters namely tool rotational speed (RS), tool traverse speed (TS) and tool tilt angle (TA) on the microstructures of friction stir processed AZ31B-O magnesium alloy. This investigation has focused on the microstructural changes occurred in the dynamically recrystallised nugget zone/ stir zone and the thermo mechanically affected zone during FSP. The results presented in this work indicate that all the three FSP process parameters have a significant effect on the resulting microstructure and also found that the rotational speed has greatly influenced the homogenization of the material. The grain refinement is higher at intermediate rotational speed (1150 rpm), traverse speed (32 mm / min and tilt angle (10). It is established that FSP can be a good grain refinement method for improving the properties of the material.

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Fabrication of high-density polyethylene/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites via submerged friction stir processing

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0892705715598360 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 241-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jicheng Gao ◽

Yifu Shen ◽

Chao Li

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

High Density ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Multiwalled Carbon ◽

Friction Stir

The focus of this work was to study the effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on morphology, mechanical, and thermal properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites. MWCNTs/HDPE nanocomposites were prepared using submerged friction stir processing (SFSP) technique. The pristine MWCNTs without any pretreatment were blended with HDPE at a fixed traverse speed of 30 mm min−1 and various rotational speeds ranging from 1200 r min−1 to 2100 r min−1. The effect of rotational speed on MWCNTs dispersion in HDPE matrix was assessed using scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results showed the rotational speed affected the disperision of the MWCNTs. The mechanical properties of the composites were measured, and the results indicated that the tensile strength increased at first and then decreased with the increase of the rotation speed. The thermal properties of MWCNTs-filled HDPE nanocomposites were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, and the crystalline content of the prepared composites by the SFSP technology was increased. From the experimental research, it was found that the SFSP technique was a practical way to fabricate polymeric composites.

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Effect of friction stir processing on microstructures and mechanical properties of TIG cladding layer on AA7075

Materials Research Express ◽

10.1088/2053-1591/ac3e95 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Shi ◽

Chao Liu ◽

Kaizhen Zhu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

Stir Zone ◽

Elemental Distribution ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Cladding Layer ◽

Microstructures And Mechanical Properties

Abstract AA7075 is a precipitation strengthened Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy which has been widely used. As a common way to repair AA7075 components, tungsten inert gas (TIG) cladding generates coarse grains and defects. In addition, the use of other types of filler wires could lead to insufficient rigidity and strength of the cladding layer. In the present work, friction stir processing (FSP) has been applied to the TIG cladding layer on AA7075 to study the effect of process parameters on microstructures and mechanical properties. The macro/micro structural characteristics, elemental distribution, microhardness distribution and tensile properties have been investigated. The macroscopic defects in TIG cladding layer are eliminated and the size of grains is decreases to around 6 μm by FSP. FSP reduces the compositional difference between the stir zone and the base material. Higher rotational speed promotes the grain refinement while the lower traverse speed benefits the microstructural uniformity. FSP on the TIG weld bead brings improvement in tensile properties and hardness. All the fractures for TIG+FSP samples occur at thermo-mechanically affected zone of the advancing side. The tensile strength of the stir zone increases from 424.2 to 442.8 MPa with the increase in rotational speed and traverse speed.

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Influence of Friction Stir Processing Parameters on Mg ZE 41-SiC Surface Composite

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.b3794.078219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 6058-6061

Keyword(s):

Process Parameters ◽

Tilt Angle ◽

Friction Stir Processing ◽

Rotational Speed ◽

Traverse Speed ◽

Nano Particles ◽

Micro Hardness ◽

Friction Stir ◽

Surface Composite ◽

Tool Tilt Angle

In this study, the influence of friction stir processing process parameters (FSP), such as tool rotational speed, tool traverse speed, and the tool tilt angle on the mechanical properties of Sic reinforced surface magnesium rare earth ZE41 alloy composite was studied. The process was carried at tool rotational speeds of 710, 900, 1120, 1600, 1400 and 1800 rpm, tool traverse speeds of 16, 25, 40 and 63 mm/min and tool tilt angle of degree 1. Nano-particles of SiC (40 microns) were used as reinforcements to produce a composite surface. The grain refinement of the processed specimens was analyzed using scanning electron microscope. It is observed from the results that FSP process parameters influenced the surface composite area, SiC particles distribution and micro hardness of the composite. The outcomes indicated that the higher micro hardness was obtained at rotational speed of 1100 RPM, traverse speed 40mm/min and tilt angle 10 .

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