Effects of Surface Treatments on Nata de Cassava on the Tensile Strength and Morphology of Bacterial Cellulose Sheet

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 305-309
Author(s):  
Dini Cahyandari ◽  
Heru Santoso Budi Rohardjo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Acetobacter Xylinum ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Light Pressure ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

Cellulose is natural fiber source that available abundant in the world. Besides lignin, hemi cellulose and wax, cellulose is the most component of plant. Cellulose can be produced from secretion of bacteria. Kind of bacteria that can produce cellulose are pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Alkaligene and Acetobacter, but bacteria strain that usually used to produce cellulose called bacterial cellulose is Acetobacter xylinum. Culture medium of Acetobacter xylinum are medium that contain of carbon and nitrogen. One of the medium that contain carbon and nitrogen is tapioka waste water. The gel that produce from tapioka water called nata de cassava. Cellulose fiber that produce from nata de cassava more pure than that from plant. Mechanical properties of single bacterial cellulose fiber as young’s modulus is 114 GPa and tensile strength is 78 GPa. Nata de cassava is produced with 1% sugar consentration and fermentation time is 14 days. pH of tapioka water medium is adjusting by acetic acid glacial. Nata de cassava gel washed for 2 days on running water than soaked in NaOH and NaOCl solution. Than washed on running water than dried on light pressure (0,2 MPa) and oven for an hour on 80°C. this bacterial cellulose film is ready to used as spesiment of tensile test and SEM observation. The aim of this research is to find the effect of surface treatments (Merserizing and Bleaching) on nata de cassava gel on mechanical properties and morfology of bacterial cellulose sheet. From the research find that NaOH treatment give the highest tensile strength of bacterial cellulose sheet compared to NaOCl treatment of nata de cassava.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MEDIUM PERENDAM TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK, MORFOLOGI, DAN KINERJA MEMBRAN NATA DE COCO

Molekul ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senny Widyaningsih ◽  
Hartiwi Diastuti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Property ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Acetobacter Xylinum ◽  
Best Value ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Water Based ◽  
And Performance

Nata de coco is bacterial cellulose which is produced by Acetobacter xylinum in fermentation process of coconut water. Based on its properties, nata de coco can be used as a membrane. Soaking medium in purification of nata de coco gel can influence structure, morphology, and performance of nata de coco membrane. First medium was NaOCl 0.05% and NaOH 5%, Second medium was ultrasonic. Third medium was NaOH 1% and CH3COOH 1%. Mechanical property were analysized based on its tensile strength. Morphology of membrane was analysized using SEM. Performance of membrane was determined based on its permeability. The result showed that nata de coco membrane which had the best value on mechanical properties, morphology, and performance was membrane in third medium.

Effect of Castor Oil Impregnation on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bacterial Cellulose

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Myrtha Karina ◽  
Lucia Indrarti ◽  
Rike Yudianti ◽  
Indriyati
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Acetone Water

The effect of castor oil on the physical and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose is described. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was impregnated with 0.5–2% (w/v) castor oil (CO) in acetone–water, providing BCCO films. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the castor oil penetrated the pores of the bacterial cellulose, resulting in a smoother morphology and enhanced hydrophilicity. Castor oil caused a slight change in crystallinity indices and resulted in reduced tensile strength and Young's modulus but increased elongation at break. A significant reduction in tensile strength and Young's modulus was achieved in BCCO films with 2% castor oil, and there was an improvement in elongation at break and hydrophilicity. Impregnation with castor oil, a biodegradable and safe plasticiser, resulted in less rigid and more ductile composites.

scholarly journals Influence of Drying Temperature on Tensile and Bursting Strength of Bacterial Cellulose Biofilm

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-321
Author(s):  
Florentina SEDERAVIČIŪTĖ ◽  
Jurgita DOMSKIENĖ ◽  
Ilze BALTINA
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Bursting Strength ◽  
Bacterial Fermentation ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Material Preparation

The article presents an experimental study of mechanical properties of cellulose biofilm produced by bacterial fermentation process. Naturally derived biomaterial has great current and potential applications therefore the conditions of material preparation as well as control and prediction of mechanical properties is still a relevant issue. Bacterial cellulose was obtained as a secondary product from Kombucha drink. Presented technique for material preparation and drying is particularly simple and easy to access. The influence of drying temperature (25 °C, 50 °C and 75 °C) on the sample size (thickness and planar dimensions) and mechanical properties (tensile and bursting strength) of cellulose biofilm has been evaluated. It was estimated that during drying biofilm specimens lost up to 92 % of weight and up to 87 % of thickness therefore planar specimen dimensions varied insignificantly. The study showed that the drying temperature is important for optimum strength properties of bacterial cellulose biofilm. The maximum tensile strength (27.91 MPa) was recorded for the samples dried at temperature of 25 °C, when the moisture from the biomaterial is removed gradually and good deformation properties are ensured (respectively tensile extension 18.8 %). Under higher drying temperature biomaterial shows lower values of tensile strength and higher values of bursting strength. The maximum bursting strength (57.2 MPa) was recorded for samples dried at 75 °C when punch displacement changes were insignificant for all tested samples (from 17.8 mm to 21.7 mm). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.25.3.20764

Transparent composites prepared from bacterial cellulose and castor oil based polyurethane as substrates for flexible OLEDs

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (44) ◽  
pp. 11581-11588 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. P. Pinto ◽  
H. S. Barud ◽  
R. R. Silva ◽  
M. Palmieri ◽  
W. L. Polito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Transparent Composites

Flexible and transparent BC/PU composites were prepared, which exhibit excellent transparency (up to 90%) in the visible region and great mechanical properties, with a tensile strength of up to 69 MPa and a Young's modulus of up to 6 GPa.

scholarly journals Embedding of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers within PHEMA Hydrogel Matrices: Tunable Stiffness Composites with Potential for Biomedical Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radka Hobzova ◽  
Jakub Hrib ◽  
Jakub Sirc ◽  
Evgeny Karpushkin ◽  
Jiri Michalek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Relaxation Modes ◽  
Biocompatibility Test

Bacterial cellulose (BC) and poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogels are both considered as biocompatible materials with potential use in various biomedical applications including cartilage, cardiovascular stent, and soft tissue engineering. In this work, the “ever-wet” process based on in situ UV radical polymerization of HEMA monomer in BC nanofibrous structure impregnated with HEMA was used, and a series of BC-PHEMA composites was prepared. The composite structures were characterized by ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, WAXD, SEM, and TEM techniques. The strategy of using densified BC material of various cellulose fiber contents was applied to improve mechanical properties. The mechanical properties were tested under tensile, dynamic shear, and relaxation modes. The final composites contained 1 to 20 wt% of BC; the effect of the reinforcement degree on morphology, swelling capacity, and mechanical properties was investigated. The biocompatibility test of BC-PHEMA composites was performed using mouse mesenchymal stem cells.

Cure and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Filled Bacterial Cellulose

2016 ◽  
Vol 705 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Chaiwute Vudjung
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Mooney Viscosity

Natural rubber (NR) containing the nata de coco fiber or Bacterial cellulose (BC) was prepared by co-coagulation of BC and concentrated NR latex with CaCl2 and compounded by two roll mill. The effect of BC content was the important factor in this study. It was that found tensile strength and elongation at break of NR filled BC (NR/BC) decreased with increasing BC content. The addition of BC into NR affect Mooney viscosity of NR/BC masterbatch, with increasing BC content, scorch time and cure time of their compound decreased.

scholarly journals Bacterial Cellulose Network from Kombucha Fermentation Impregnated with Emulsion-Polymerized Poly(methyl methacrylate) to Form Nanocomposite

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Oliver-Ortega ◽  
Shiyu Geng ◽  
Francesc Xavier Espinach ◽  
Kristiina Oksman ◽  
Fabiola Vilaseca
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Pmma Matrix ◽  
3D Network ◽  
Kombucha Tea

The use of bio-based residues is one of the key indicators towards sustainable development goals. In this work, bacterial cellulose, a residue from the fermentation of kombucha tea, was tested as a reinforcing nanofiber network in an emulsion-polymerized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix. The use of the nanofiber network is facilitating the formation of nanocomposites with well-dispersed nanofibers without using organic solvents or expensive methodologies. Moreover, the bacterial cellulose network structure can serve as a template for the emulsion polymerization of PMMA. The morphology, size, crystallinity, water uptake, and mechanical properties of the kombucha bacterial cellulose (KBC) network were studied. The results showed that KBC nanofibril diameters were ranging between 20–40 nm and the KBC was highly crystalline, >90%. The 3D network was lightweight and porous material, having a density of only 0.014 g/cm3. Furthermore, the compressed KBC network had very good mechanical properties, the E-modulus was 8 GPa, and the tensile strength was 172 MPa. The prepared nanocomposites with a KBC concentration of 8 wt.% were translucent with uniform structure confirmed with scanning electron microscopy study, and furthermore, the KBC network was homogeneously impregnated with the PMMA matrix. The mechanical testing of the nanocomposite showed high stiffness compared to the neat PMMA. A simple simulation of the tensile strength was used to understand the limited strain and strength given by the bacterial cellulose network. The excellent properties of the final material demonstrate the capability of a residue of kombucha fermentation as an excellent nanofiber template for use in polymer nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of edible film based bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste using starch as stabilizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
N A Yanti ◽  
S W Ahmad ◽  
L O A N Ramadhan ◽  
T Walhidayah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Water Holding

Abstract Edible film is a thin layer made of edible material as a packaging for food products. In the edible film production, required additional material that serves as stabilizer and plasticizer. This research aimed to determine the mechanical properties of the edible film-based bacterial cellulose from sago liquid waste using some types of starch as a stabilizer. The starches used as stabilizers in making edible films were corn, cassava, and sago starch. Mechanical properties were measured include tensile strength, elongation at break, elasticity (Young’s modulus), and water holding capacity (WHC). The results showed that the thickness of corn, sago, and cassava starch was 0.08 mm, 0.09 mm, and 0.11 mm, respectively. The mechanical properties of the edible film with corn, sago, and cassava starch as stabilizers namely a tensile strength (MPa) were 10.90; 15.90 and 61.92 respectively, elongation at break (%) were 8, 20, and 87, young’s modulus (MPa) were 13.48, 7.84 and 6.98, respectively and water holding capacity (g/g) were 34.26; 18.18 and 16.40 respectively. Therefore, the utilization of starch as a stabilizer in edible film can improve its mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Bacterial Cellulose - Properties and Its Potential Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-505
Author(s):  
Izabela Betlej ◽  
Sarani Zakaria ◽  
Krzysztof J. Krajewski ◽  
Piotr Boruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Electronic Industry ◽  
Pure Cellulose

This review paper is related to the utilization on bacterial cellulose in many applications. The polymer produced from bacterial cellulose possessed a very good physical and mechanical properties, such as high tensile strength, elasticity, absorbency. The polymer from bacterial cellulose has a significantly higher degree of polymerization and crystallinity compared to those derived from plant. The collection of selected literature review shown that bacterial cellulose produced are in the form pure cellulose and can be used in many of applications. These include application in various industries and sectors of the economy, from medicine to paper or electronic industry.

scholarly journals Carboxymethyl Bacterial Cellulose from Nata de Coco: Effects of NaOH

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Pornchai Rachtanapun ◽  
Pensak Jantrawut ◽  
Warinporn Klunklin ◽  
Kittisak Jantanasakulwong ◽  
Yuthana Phimolsiripol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Acetobacter Xylinum ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Cellulose Powder ◽  
Percent Elongation ◽  
Elongation At Break

Bacterial cellulose from nata de coco was prepared from the fermentation of coconut juice with Acetobacter xylinum for 10 days at room temperature under sterile conditions. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was transformed from the bacterial cellulose from the nata de coco by carboxymethylation using different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and monochloroacetic acid (MCA) in an isopropyl (IPA) medium. The effects of various NaOH concentrations on the degree of substitution (DS), chemical structure, viscosity, color, crystallinity, morphology and the thermal properties of carboxymethyl bacterial cellulose powder from nata de coco (CMCn) were evaluated. In the carboxymethylation process, the optimal condition resulted from NaOH amount of 30 g/100 mL, as this provided the highest DS value (0.92). The crystallinity of CMCn declined after synthesis but seemed to be the same in each condition. The mechanical properties (tensile strength and percentage of elongation at break), water vapor permeability (WVP) and morphology of CMCn films obtained from CMCn synthesis using different NaOH concentrations were investigated. The tensile strength of CMCn film synthesized with a NaOH concentration of 30 g/100 mL increased, however it declined when the amount of NaOH concentration was too high. This result correlated with the DS value. The highest percent elongation at break was obtained from CMCn films synthesized with 50 g/100 mL NaOH, whereas the elongation at break decreased when NaOH concentration increased to 60 g/100 mL.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document