The Effect of Dolomite Addictive Ratio on Torrified Cassava Rhizome in the Biomass Combustion Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 407 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Nat Thuchayapong ◽  
Nattawut Tharawadee
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Optimum Ratio ◽  
Bomb Calorimeter ◽  
Useful Heat ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Research Studies

This research studies on the effect of additive (Dolomite) on Biomass powder (Cassava rhizome) which passes Torrefied process and fixed bed at 250 degrees Celsius for one hour and a half. The gasifier with up-draft type was used in this experiment. Air pressure was fixed at 0.1 Bar. The useful heat (Quseful) and Low heating valves (LHV) was investigated by using an Automatic Bomb Calorimeter. Moreover, the dolomite was varied 0, 10 and 15% by weight mixed with Cassava rhizome achieved with Torrefied process. When Low heating valves (LHV) slightly decreases from 21.96±0.22 MJ/kg to 18.15±0.50 MJ/kg, Quseful heat from the burning from gasifier sharply increase when it is mixed with dolomite from 753.34±39.18 to 1,003.97±33.49KJ respectively. The loading of dolomite has significance affecting the useful heat. The present study reveals that low heating valves (LHV) decreases and Quseful heat increase result from dolomite which gives a clean gas product and the Tar molecule can be easily broken. The CO2 gas from the combustion process was absorbed by CaO, which is the main component in dolomite. The cost of mixing 8.9% of Dolomite with Cassava rhizome is the optimum ratio for the biomass combustion process.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE CORROSION OCCURRENCE DURING BIOMASS COMBUSTION PROCESS

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1555-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionel Pisa ◽  
Gheorghe Lazaroiu ◽  
Corina Radulescu ◽  
Lucian Mihaescu
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biomass Combustion

scholarly journals The Influence of Cement Substitution by Biomass Fly Ash on the Polymer–Cement Composites Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3079
Author(s):  
Beata Jaworska ◽  
Dominika Stańczak ◽  
Joanna Tarańska ◽  
Jerzy Jaworski
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Mineral Additive ◽  
Biomass Fly Ash

The generation of energy for the needs of the population is currently a problem. In consideration of that, the biomass combustion process has started to be implemented as a new source of energy. The dynamic increase in the use of biomass for energy generation also resulted in the formation of waste in the form of fly ash. This paper presents an efficient way to manage this troublesome material in the polymer–cement composites (PCC), which have investigated to a lesser extent. The research outlined in this article consists of the characterization of biomass fly ash (BFA) as well as PCC containing this waste. The characteristics of PCC with BFA after 3, 7, 14, and 28 days of curing were analyzed. Our main findings are that biomass fly ash is suitable as a mineral additive in polymer–cement composites. The most interesting result is that the addition of biomass fly ash did not affect the rheological properties of the polymer–cement mortars, but it especially influenced its compressive strength. Most importantly, our findings can help prevent this byproduct from being placed in landfills, prevent the mining of new raw materials, and promote the manufacture of durable building materials.

PROCEDURE OF CALCULATING THE REDUCED COSTS FOR DESIGNING A COMBINED LOW-ORBIT SATELLITE SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Pochernyaev ◽  
◽  
Tetiana Kadatska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite System ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Ground Segment ◽  
Rocket Carrier ◽  
Approximate Cost ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Space Segment

The article provides a method for calculating the costs when designing a promising embodiment of a low-bit satellite system. For Ukraine, the prospects for this option lies in the fact that their own means of achieving a large number of satellites in orbit are applied. At the same time, satellites are multifunctional and used to organize communication and broadcasting, the sounding of the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth, subsurface locations, cosmic observation, data collection from the Internet sensors. The space group consists of mini, macro-, nanosterans, which are delivered to the orbit of a domestic rocket carrier into orbit. The technical and economic efficiency of the satellite system lies not only in the above advantages, but also in its hierarchical construction - combination of the root satellite, ministerial repeater, macrovers. The article provides an analysis of other low-bit satellite systems. A feature of the study of the combined LEO is the fact that the proposed construction of the satellite system allows the use of technological distributed registries as one of the through digital technologies. In digital transformation of the economy, the technology of distributed registers plays the same role as Internet things, cloud computing, 5G and Big Data technologies. The method of calculating the presented costs is to calculate the cost of the development, production and operation of the system at the stage of its design. The costs of developing space and ground segments are included in the total capital costs. The costs of developing a space segment are highlighted on the cost of developing a root satellite, a minivan-repeater, microscope. The same approach is also laid for the cost of exploitation of the space segment. When calculating the costs of the ground segment as the main component of earth stations, antenna systems, radio transmission microwaves and radio receiving microwaves, information processing devices, terminal equipment are taken as the main components of earth stations. The approximate cost of serial production of root sieuine, mini satellite, retrograder, microsatellite is indicated. The estimated cost of one minute of access in the studied combined LEO and in the existing "close" to the appointment of a low-bit satellite system is given.

scholarly journals Modelling of pollutants concentrations from the biomass combustion process

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Magdziarz ◽  
Małgorzata Wilk ◽  
Monika Zajemska
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biomass Combustion ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Modelling of pollutants concentrations from the biomass combustion process This paper presents possibilities for of numerical modelling of biomass combustion in a commercially available boiler. A sample of biomass was tested with respect to its physical and chemical properties. Thermogravimetry studies of biomass were carried out. Computer simulation makes it possible to analyse complex phenomena which are otherwise difficult to observe. The aim of this work was to model biomass combustion to predict the amount of pollutants generated (NOx, CO, SO2) in the exhaust gases coming out from boilers The calculations were made using the CHEMKIN program. Results of calculations were performed taking into account the influence of temperature, pressure and residence time.

Risk analysis of a biomass combustion process using MOSAR and FMEA methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.-X. Thivel ◽  
Y. Bultel ◽  
F. Delpech
Keyword(s):  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Biomass Combustion

scholarly journals METHODOLOGY FOR FORMING AND IMPLEMENTING A TOUR AND DETERMINING ITS ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Krasnoded ◽  
Tetiana Bakina ◽  
Olena Zakharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operator Activity ◽  
Tour Operator

The relevance of the study of issues in the context of tour operator activity is determined. Important issues of formation and promotion of the tour as the main component of tourist products are considered. A tour project is presented and an algorithm for creating a tourist product for several days for a specific tourist destination is demonstrated. The mechanism for determining the cost of a tour is revealed, which includes the cost of accommodation, meals, travel, excursion services and entertainment, support, insurance and other additional services provided to consumer tourists within the framework of a tourist project. At the same time, a mechanism for calculating individual elements of the tour price is presented. The method of calculating the company's profit and economic efficiency from the sale of the tour is revealed. General marketing directions in tourism are also proposed, which can be used to determine the preferences of tourists, present and promote almost all tourist products.

Reclamation of Abrasive Slurry to Obtain SiC Ceramic Material

2022 ◽  
Vol 905 ◽  
pp. 333-337
Author(s):  
Sheng Fu Yang ◽  
Chun Liang Chen ◽  
Kuang Li Chien ◽  
Chih Chao Liang ◽  
Hsien Ho Chuo
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Chemical Separation ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sic Ceramic ◽  
Illegal Waste Disposal ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Illegal Waste

In the period of silicon and silicon carbide wafer slicing process, the abrasive oil, silicon carbide (SiC), silicon and trace elements e.g., iron, zinc, copper, and nickel is generated as an oily mixture of insoluble matter. The SiC is the main component (>70%) in the abrasive slurry and the extraction of SiC from the slurry can eliminate the risk of illegal waste disposal and reduce the cost for the enterprises. In this study, a chemical separation process is applied to remove silicon particles and SiC can be extracted from the slurry mixtures. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that recycled material is moissanite with two crystalline polymorphs. The 3C and 6H X-ray powder pattern is observed and the cubic and hexagonal crystalline structure is revealed. The particle size distribution analysis showed that median value of purified SiC powder material is 9.8 μm.

Effects of Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals on NOx Reduction in Coke Combustion

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 522-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Guang Chen ◽  
Hong Jing Han ◽  
Jia Lu ◽  
Dan Dan Li ◽  
Jin Lian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Alkaline Earth Metals ◽  
Reduction Ratio ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Loading Amount

A series of coke samples with loading alkali and alkaline earth metals were prepared by the impregnation method, the NOx emission were investigated in a silica fixed bed reactor in the combustion process of raw coke and coke modified by Na, K, Ca and Mg. The results show that Na, K, Ca and Mg play in-situ catalytic effects on the NOx reduction reactions. When the loading amount of Na2CO3 is 2.0%, the NOx reduction ratio was around 17.4%, when the loading of K2CO3 is 2.0%, the amount of NOx emission is reduced by 26.5%. When the loading of CaCl2 is 2.0%, the amount of NOx emission is reduced by 22.3%. When the loading of MgCl2 is 2.0%, the NOx reduction ratio is about 10.9%.

Model Predictive Control and Controller Parameter Optimisation of Combustion Instabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Yazar ◽  
F. Caliskan ◽  
R. Vepa
Keyword(s):  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Parameter Optimisation ◽  
Direct Adaptive Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Adaptive Control Algorithm

Abstract In this paper the application of model predictive control (MPC) to a two-mode model of the dynamics of the combustion process is considered. It is shown that the MPC by itself does not stabilize the combustor and the control gains obtained by applying the MPC algorithms need to be optimized further to ensure that the phase difference between the two modes is also stable. The results of applying the algorithm are compared with the open loop model amplitude responses and to the closed loop responses obtained by the application of a direct adaptive control algorithm. It is shown that the MPC coupled with the cost parameter optimisation proposed in the paper, always guarantees the closed loop stability, a feature that may not always be possible with an adaptive implementations.

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