Reduction of COD from Micro-Polluted Water through Adsorption of Activated Carbon-Attapulgite Composite Adsorbent

2010 ◽  
Vol 450 ◽  
pp. 445-448
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Zhao Qian Jing ◽  
Yu Kong ◽  
Wei Shen
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Composite Adsorbent ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Optimum Ph Range

The aim of this study was the assessment of reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from micro-polluted water using activated carbon-attapulgite composite adsorbent prepared using activated carbon and natural attapulgite through compounding, granulation and calcination. The complete study was done in batch mode to investigate the effect of operating parameters. Adsorption of COD was found to be dependent on contact time, pH, temperature and initial COD concentration. Adsorption equilibrium attained within 80 minutes time. The optimum pH range for adsorption of organics was found to be 8. The sorption of organics decreased with rise of temperature because adsorption process was exothermic. The studied adsorption data fitted well to Langmuir adsorption model with the correlation coefficient 0.9947. The activated carbon-attapulgite composite adsorbent in this study shows very good promise for practical applicability on removal of COD from micro-polluted water.

scholarly journals Ricinus CommunisPericarp Activated Carbon Used as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Ni(II) From Aqueous Solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Madhavakrishnan ◽  
K. Manickavasagam ◽  
K. Rasappan ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
R. Venkatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Initial Ph

Activated carbon prepared from Ricinus communis Pericarp was used to remove Ni(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption. Batch mode adsorption experiments are carried out by varying contact time, metal-ion concentration, carbon concentration and pH to assess kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The adsorption data were modeled by using both Langmuir and Freundlich classical adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity (Qo) calculated from the Langmuir isotherm was 31.15 mg/g of activated carbon at initial pH of 5.0±0.2 for the particle size 125-250 µm.

scholarly journals Effects of selection and compiling strategy of substrates in column-type vertical-flow constructed wetlands on the treatment of synthetic landfill leachate containing bisphenol A

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajani Ghaju Shrestha ◽  
Daisuke Inoue ◽  
Michihiko Ike
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Synthetic Leachate

Abstract A constructed wetland (CW) is a low-cost, eco-friendly, easy-to-maintain, and widely applicable technology for treating various pollutants in the waste landfill leachate. This study determined the effects of the selection and compiling strategy of substrates used in CWs on the treatment performance of a synthetic leachate containing bisphenol A (BPA) as a representative recalcitrant pollutant. We operated five types of lab-scale vertical-flow CWs using only gravel (CW1), a sandwich of gravel with activated carbon (CW2) or brick crumbs (CW3), and two-stage hybrid CWs using gravel in one column and activated carbon (CW4) or brick crumbs (CW5) in another to treat synthetic leachate containing BPA in a 7-d sequential batch mode for 5 weeks. CWs using activated carbon (CW2 and CW4) effectively removed ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) (99–100%), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (93–100%), and BPA (100%), indicating that the high adsorption capacity of activated carbon was the main mechanism involved in their removal. CW5 also exhibited higher pollutant removal efficiencies (NH4-N: 94–99%, COD: 89–98%, BPA: 89–100%) than single-column CWs (CW1 and CW3) (NH4-N: 76–100%, COD: 84–100%, BPA: 51–100%). This indicates the importance of the compiling strategy along with the selection of an appropriate substrate to improve the pollutant removal capability of CWs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Marine AlgaeGracilariaand its Activated Carbon for the Adsorption of Ni(II) from Wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1512-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Esmaeili ◽  
P. Beirami ◽  
S. Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Isotherm Equation ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Equation ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

The batch removal of Ni2+from aqueous solution and wastewater using marine dried (MD) red algaeGracilariaand its activated carbon (AC) was studied. For these experiments, adsorption of Ni2+was used to form two biomasses of AC and MD. Both methods used different pH values, biomass and initial concentration of Ni2+. Subsequently adsorption models and kinetic studies were carried out. The maximum efficiencies of Ni2+removal were 83.55% and 99.04% for MD and AC respectively developed from it. The experimental adsorption data were fitted to the Langmuir adsorption model. The nickel(II) uptake by the biosorbents was best described by pseudo-second order rate model. The kinetic studies showed that the heavy metal uptake was observed more rapidly by the AC with compared to MD. AC method developed from MD biomass exhibited higher biosorption capacity. Adsorption capacity is related to the pH of solution, pH 5.0 is optimal for nickel. The maximum efficiencies of Ni2+removal were for AC method. The capacity is related to the pH of solution, pH 5.0 is optimal for nickel. The equilibrium adsorption data are correlated by Langmuir isotherm equation. The adsorption kinetic data can be described by the second order kinetic models

Adsorptive Removal of Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solution by Cationic Polyelectrolyte Modified Bentonite

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Run Fang ◽  
Wei Jian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Cationic Polyelectrolyte ◽  
Modified Bentonite ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Potential Test ◽  
Optimum Ph Range

This study reports on the modification of natural bentonite by a cationic polyelectrolyte, which is a lignin-based aldehyde-ketone resin, and the application of this modified clay as adsorbent in the removal of reactive dyes from aqueous solution. Modified bentonite was characterized by IR and zeta-potential test, its dye removal performance was evaluated. Results show that intermolecular interaction and electrostatic attraction between dyes and adsorbent are responsible for the adsorption behavior. The removal of reactive dyes increased with increasing temperature and the optimum pH range was 4.0-6.5. The negative values of ΔG reflected the spontaneous adsorption and the values of ΔH showed that it was a combination of chemical and physical adsorption. Equilibrium adsorption data fitted well to Langmuir isotherm and the adsorption capacity for reactive red and reactive blue was 125.0 and 159.2 mg/g, respectively.

scholarly journals Monte Carlo Simulation and Experimental Studies of CO2, CH4 and Their Mixture Capture in Porous Carbons

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2413
Author(s):  
Pakamas Kohmuean ◽  
Worapoj Inthomya ◽  
Atichat Wongkoblap ◽  
Chaiyot Tangsathitkulchai
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Gcmc Simulation ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Good Agreement

Adsorption of carbon dioxide and methane in porous activated carbon and carbon nanotube was studied experimentally and by Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation. A gravimetric analyzer was used to obtain the experimental data, while in the simulation we used graphitic slit pores of various pore size to model activated carbon and a bundle of graphitic cylinders arranged hexagonally to model carbon nanotube. Carbon dioxide was modeled as a 3-center-Lennard-Jones (LJ) molecule with three fixed partial charges, while methane was modeled as a single LJ molecule. We have shown that the behavior of adsorption for both activated carbon and carbon nanotube is sensitive to pore width and the crossing of isotherms is observed because of the molecular packing, which favors commensurate packing for some pore sizes. Using the adsorption data of pure methane or carbon dioxide on activated carbon, we derived its pore size distribution (PSD), which was found to be in good agreement with the PSD obtained from the analysis of nitrogen adsorption data at 77 K. This derived PSD was used to describe isotherms at other temperatures as well as isotherms of mixture of carbon dioxide and methane in activated carbon and carbon nanotube at 273 and 300 K. Good agreement between the computed and experimental isotherm data was observed, thus justifying the use of a simple adsorption model.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Fe(III) from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated Carbon

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Edwin Vasu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Transition Metal Ions ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Liquid Phase Adsorption ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

An activated carbon was tested for its ability to remove transition metal ions from aqueous solutions. Physical, Chemical and liquid-phase adsorption characterizations of the carbon were done following standard procedures. Studies on the removal of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Fe(III) ions were attempted by varying adsorbate dose, pH of the metal ion solution and time in batch mode. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted with Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson isotherms and the isotherm constants were evaluated. Time variation studies indicate that adsorptions follow pseudo-second order kinetics. pH was found to have a significant role to play in the adsorption. The processes were endothermic and the thermodynamic parameters were evaluated. Desorption studies indicate that ion-exchange mechanism is operating.

scholarly journals Conversion of solid waste to activated carbon to improve landfill sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 708-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
AO Adelopo ◽  
PI Haris ◽  
B Alo ◽  
K Huddersman ◽  
RO Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Irradiation Power ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Optimum Ph Range

Heterogeneous composite wastes from landfills were evaluated as precursors for the generation of activated carbon (AC). A single-step chemical activation process was applied involving irradiation with microwave energy and impregnation with KOH. The average percentage yield of AC from active landfill precursor was higher than that from closed landfill for all depths sampled. Increase in impregnation ratio and irradiation power decreased the average percentage yield for both landfill precursors (active: 38.1 to 33.1%; closed: 42.1 to 33.3%). The optimum pH range for adsorption of methylene blue was pH 6–7, while adsorption increased with increase in temperature over the range 30 to 50°C. Carbonyl and hydroxyl groups were the major functional groups on the surface of AC. The properties of the AC are potentially suitable for the removal of cationic dyes and pollutants. AC generated from the landfill composite was comparable to that from other biomass being managed through AC generation. This is the first report to demonstrate the possible reuse of landfill composite as AC. The reuse option of landfill composite could provide a means of sustainable management of landfilled municipal waste.

scholarly journals Adsorption feasibility in the cr(total) ions removal from waste printing developer

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Good Efficiency ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Adsorption Data

In this article, the technical feasibility of various commercial adsorbents (activated carbon, clinoptilolite, and their mixture) for removal of Cr(total) ions from waste printing developer has been represent. Experimental tests were performed in laboratory batch mode. The adsorption data were analyzed using the Freundlich, Langmuir and Dubinin-Kaganer-Radushkevich (DKR) isotherm models. It was found that the Freundlich isotherm gave better results than the Langmiur and DKR models, with the corresponding correlation coefficients (R2): 0.981, 0.996 and 0.997 for mixture (NZ+AC), AC and NZ, respectively. The adsorption capacities of Cr(total) ions followed the order: (NZ+AC)>AC>NZ. The adsorption efficiencies of Cr(total) ions removal were 38.5 to 39.9%. Due to easy availability and good efficiency, the mixture of clinoptilolite and activated carbon is an ideal adsorbents for removal of Cr(total) ions from waste printing developer.

scholarly journals Removal of Phenol ando-Cresol by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Edwin Vasu
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Phenol Solution ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Isotherm Equations

A commercial activated carbon was utilized for the adsorptive removal of phenol and o-cresol from dilute aqueous solutions. Batch mode adsorption studies were performed by varying parameters such as concentration of phenol solution, time, pH and temperature. The well known Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson isotherm equations were applied for the equilibrium adsorption data and the various isotherm parameters were evaluated. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacities were found to be 0.7877 and 0.5936 mmole/g, respectively, for phenol and o-cresol. Kinetic studies performed indicate that the sorption processes can be better represented by the pseudo-second order kinetics. The processes were found to be endothermic and the thermodynamic parameters were evaluated. Desorption studies performed indicate that the sorbed phenol molecules can be desorbed with dil. HCl.

Research on the Treatment of the Yellow River Micro-Polluted Water in Shanxi by Ozone-Activated Carbon Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 803-808
Author(s):  
Xiao Bin Tang ◽  
Jian Feng Zou ◽  
Kai Fan He ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Jian Jun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
The Yellow River ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Volatile Phenol

In this study, the micro-polluted water of a reservoir filled with Yellow River water in Shanxi was used as the raw water. The removals of chemical oxygen demand (CODMn), ammonia nitrogen, petroleum substances, and volatile phenol were investigated by ozone-activated carbon process. Results showed that ozone-activated carbon process had a good removal of the pollutants mentioned above. The optimum dosage of ozone for each pollutant was 2.0 mg/L, 2.5 mg/L, 3.0 mg/L, 3.0mg/L, with the corresponding removal efficiency of 59.36 %, 88.01%, 79.31%, and 88.16%, respectively. The treated water quality could meet the standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-2006) in China.

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