Effects of Reducing Sodium Chloride Concentration on the Results of Coulomb Electric Flux

2011 ◽  
Vol 477 ◽  
pp. 388-392
Author(s):  
Ming Lu ◽  
Yi Bo Yang ◽  
Jia Cheng Li ◽  
Wen Ying Guo
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Electric Flux ◽  
Water Binder Ratio

For reducing the consumption and pollution of the sodium chloride (NaCl), the effect of reducing the NaCl concentration on the result of coulomb electric flux were studied. Three typical proportions of concrete and mortar were used to investigate the effects on the results of coulomb electric flux when the NaCl solution is from 3.0% to 1.0% and 0.5% by mass, respectively. The coulomb electric flux for 6h and 18h and chloride ion penetration depth for18h were studied in this experiment. The results are as followings: (1) it is a little effect on the 6h and 18h coulomb electric flux value of concrete and mortar to use1.0% by mass NaCl solution instead of 3.0% by mass NaCl solution, and the error is less than 5%. It was suitable to use 1.0% NaCl solution by mass. (2)The influence of water-binder ratio (W/B) and test time on coulomb electric flux is related to the porosity and pore connectivity. The lower the W/B, the smaller the coulomb electric flux is; the ratio of coulomb electric flux of 18h to that of 6h was about 2.8 ~ 3.0, and the ratio increases with the water-binder ratio. (3) It is not suitable to use the test results of mortar specimens to count the results of concrete specimens, but can use the results of mortar specimens to estimate the anti-chloride performance of different binder. The suggested test method is that using 0.5% or 1.0% by mass NaCl solution, water-binder ratio is 0.38 and binder-sand ratio is between 1:1.5 and 1:1.8. The best binder-sand ratio and other test parameter need to be determined by more research.

scholarly journals Corrosion Characteristics of Anchor Cables in Electrolytic Corrosion Test and the Applicability of the Test Method in Study of Anchor Cable Corrosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tao Yin ◽  
Xingsong Sun ◽  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Yufei Zhao ◽  
Shuangjing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Corrosion Test ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Uniform Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Study ◽  
Anchor Cable ◽  
Electrolytic Corrosion ◽  
The Difference

The selection of corrosion test method in the corrosion study of the prestressed anchors is an important issue. In this paper, the corrosion test of anchors was conducted with electrolytic corrosion test method. The corrosion characteristics of the anchor cables were examined. The effects of sodium chloride solution concentration, current, test time, and prestress level on corrosion were studied. The applicability of electrolytic corrosion method in anchor cable corrosion study is discussed subsequently. The results show that the corrosion of the anchor appears to be uniform corrosion. With the corrosion of the anchor, the central wire of the cable was basically not corroded, and the cross-sectional shape of the outer wire changes from a round to fan shape. The sodium chloride concentration and prestress level have no obvious effects on the corrosion of the anchor. The variation of test time does not affect the difference between the measured and theoretical calculated results, while a proper current in the electrolysis test may help reduce the difference. The measured corrosion rate fluctuates from −4% to 10% and tends to be higher compared with calculated results based on Faraday’s law. The study indicates that the electrolytic corrosion test is applicable in the anchor corrosion study.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDE ION(Cl-) CONCENTRATION IN GANGA RIVER WATER BY MOHR METHOD AT KANPUR, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 06-08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhulekha Shukla ◽  
Sunita Arya
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
River Water ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Ganga River ◽  
Selective Method ◽  
The People ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
Chloride Salts

Purpose of the study:The purpose of this present study was determine the concentration of chloride ion in water sample which collected different site and season of river Ganga.Chloride ions in the environment can come from sodium chloride or from other chloride salts such as potassium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride. Methodology:Water sample was collected from different site(Bithor ghat, Siddnath ghat and Dhoni ghat) and different season(Pre monsoon, Monsoon and post monsoon) of river Ganga from Kanpur in 2016-2018 year. Mohr method (Argentometric method) was a very simple and highly selective method for the determination of chloride ion (Cl-) using silver nitrate as the titrant. Main Findings: In both the years 2016 till 2018, chloride concentration was within the limit at testing sites.  Applications of this study:To create awareness among the people to maintain the Ganga river water at its highest quality and purity levels. Originality: This project was done in the D G P G College C S J M University, Kanpur India.

Influencing Factors of the Fluidity and Strength of Phosphate Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 464-468
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Wang ◽  
Ju Hui Cao ◽  
Shuang Mei Li ◽  
Ming Xue
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Slump Flow ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Curing Methods ◽  
Early Strength ◽  
Water Binder Ratio

The influence of water binder ratio, content of borax and fly ash on the fluidity and strength of phosphate concrete were investigated. Results showed that the slump and slump flow of phosphate concrete improved with content of water and borax increasing. But the strength decreased, especially early strength. While the mixing amount of borax was less than 1.5% of the magnesium phosphate cement, the influence on later strength was relatively less. The fluidity decreased significantly and the cohesiveness and water retention improved while the content of fly ash was between 10% and 30%.The compressive strength increased while the content of fly ash was 10%.The better curing methods was curing in the natural conditions, the compressive increased with the age prolonged.

scholarly journals Stability of Bendamustine Solutions: Influence of Sodium Chloride Concentration, Temperature and Container

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Jean Vigneron ◽  
Elise D’Huart ◽  
Béatrice Demoré
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
The Stability

Abstract Background Bendamustine is used for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and myeloma. The stability of bendamustine is highly dependent on temperature and chloride-ion concentration. Limited stability data are available. The objective of this work was to study the stability of the bendamustine reconstituted solution at 2.5 mg/mL and the diluted solution in normal saline and 1.5 % sodium chloride to evaluate a potential increase in stability. Methods A stability indicating High Performance Liquid Chromatography method with Diode Array Detection was used. A first study was carried out in glass vials and then in polyolefin containers at 0.25 and 0.60 mg/mL. Solutions were stored at room temperature and at 2–8 °C for 7 days. Results Stability was defined as a concentration above 95 % of the initial concentration [10]. The reconstituted solution at 2.5 mg/mL was stable for only 2 hours at room temperature and 8 hours at 2–8 °C. The stability of diluted solutions was in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations of 3.5 hours at room temperature and 48 hours at 2–8 °C. The addition of sodium chloride doesn’t increase the stability for preparation in infusion in daily practice. Conclusions The information brought by this study is an 8-hour stability of the reconstituted solution at 2–8 °C.

The Research of the Effect of Dynamic Load and Temperature on the Diffusion Performance of Chlorideion in Concrete

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 3167-3173
Author(s):  
Cai Hui Wang ◽  
Jin Yang Jiang ◽  
Guo Wen Sun ◽  
Jian De Han ◽  
Yun Feng Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
Diffusion Theory ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Saturation Degree ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Water Binder Ratio

The diffusion performance of chloride ion in concrete under the coupling action of dynamic load and environment was researched by a new set of experimental system. The experiment are composed of study of saturated performance of concrete, diffusion performance of chloride ion with different water binder ratio and under coupling action of dynamic load and temperature. The results show that the transport mechanism of chloride ion in concrete accounted with diffusion theory due to the 99% of saturation degree of concrete; the diffusion coefficient of chloride ion is decreased with the increasing water binder ratio, but is increased with temperature increase; and the diffusion coefficient of chloride ion is changed with cycle number.

Effect of W/B to the Time Dependent Chloride Diffusion in Concrete with GGBS

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 144-147
Author(s):  
Lu Guang Song ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Jian Ming Gao
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Concentration Increase ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Apparent Diffusion ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Water To Binder Ratio

This paper studied the influence of water to binder ratio to time dependent diffusion coefficients in concrete exposed to marine environments. And a refined diffusion model which considered the time dependent apparent diffusion coefficients and time dependent surface chloride concentration was established. It was found that both apparent diffusion coefficients and surface chloride concentration are time dependent and both are significantly influenced by water to binder ratio. Apparent diffusion decrease with time while surface chloride concentration increase with time. but water to binder ratio has similar influence to the constant of time dependent diffusion coefficients and the parameter of time dependent surface chloride concentration.

Mechanical Properties and Permeability of Recycled Aggregate Concrete at Low Water/Binder Ratio

2011 ◽  
Vol 477 ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gai Fei Peng ◽  
Qi Bin Liu ◽  
Zhu Bo Guo ◽  
Qiao Xing Hou ◽  
Si Qi Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Recycled Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Water Binder Ratio

This paper presents an experimental research on mechanical properties and permeability of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). Concretes at a water/binder ratio of 0.255 were broken into recycled aggregates (RA). A type of thermal treatment was employed to remove mortar in RA. Tests were conducted on aggregate to measure water absorption and crushed values, and on RAC and natural aggregate concrete (NAC) to measure compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, and fracture energy. The results revealed that both gravel damage and mortar attached can significantly influence the water absorption and crushed value of RA. The mechanical properties RAC were obviously lower than those of NAC at an identical mix proportion. Moreover the removal of mortar caused a decrease in mechanical properties. The behavior of the chloride ion penetration of RAC under compressive loading is different that of NAC, which may be related to the flaws of RA. Further experimental research is needed to identify its mechanism.

scholarly journals Influence of Water Binder Ratio on High Performance Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Seshadri Sekhar ◽  
P.N. Raghunath
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Average Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Binder Ratio

High performance concrete M60 cubes of 150 mm X 150 mm X 150 mm were tested experimentally under static loading. With the variation in the water binder ratios of 0.25, 0.28, 0.33, 0.39 and hyper plasticizer of 0.6%. 0.8%. 1.0%, 1.2% the cubes were cast and accordingly the cylinders were cast. For each ratio of water binder, 12 cubes and 2 cylinders were cast. Out of 12 cubes, 3 cubes were cured for 7 days, 3cubes for 15 days, 3 cubes for 21 days and the balance 3 cubes for 28 days. All the cubes were tested in a 2000kn compression testing machine. The load deflection curves, stress- strain curves were drawn for each cube and cylinder. The average compressive strength of each mix for different number of days of curing were calculated. The modulus of elasticity was calculated for each design mix.

Testing and Evaluation on the Chloride Ion Penetrability of Concrete under Compressive Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
pp. 415-420
Author(s):  
Yu Chuan Jiang ◽  
Da Huo ◽  
Hai Wen Teng ◽  
Ji Ne Xu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Ultimate Load ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Strength Grade ◽  
Electric Flux ◽  
Testing And Evaluation

Chloride ion penetrability of concrete under and after compressive stress was tested in the paper. Four stress level (the ratio of the pressure load and ultimate load) was set: 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. Chloride ion penetrability of concrete was tested using a rapid test method of electric flux. The results indicated that the electric flux of concrete under compressive stress was influenced by stress level, and the electric flux of concrete was first decreased and then upward with stress level increasing. The electric flux of concrete of different strength grade was sensitivity to compressive stress differently, and the lower the strength grade of concrete, the high sensitivity to compressive stress. The electric flux of concrete after compressive stress was related with crack recovery, and there was a significant effect of only more than 60% stress level on the electric flux of concrete. The evaluation of chloride ion penetrability of concrete structure should take into account the loads.

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