Influences of MOS Device Characteristic under Different Oxygen-Dose Participations in the Silicon Substrate

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Shen Li Chen ◽  
Tsung Shiung Lee ◽  
Yu Ting Huang
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Substrate ◽  
Czochralski Method ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Trap Charge ◽  
Substrate Quality ◽  
Mos Devices ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Charge Characteristic ◽  
Mos Device

A silicon substrate is the starting point of producing the semiconductor component, so that the quality of semiconductor substrate is very important during the VLSI fabrication. In this paper, we will evaluate the influence of MOS device characteristics under different oxygen impurities in silicon substrates. In the course of silicon substrate pulling process by Czochralski method, the defect and impurity will be existed; the oxygen atom will be induced substrate dislocations and affected the substrate quality. In this work, different oxygen doses will be used in wafer to study the impacts on MOS CV curve characteristic, interface trap charge characteristic, ID-VDScurve, ID-VGScurve, and threshold voltage behaviors of MOS devices.

Heteroepitaxy of Gallium Arsenide on Germanium Coated Silicon Substrates

1986 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley S. Chu ◽  
T. L. Chu ◽  
H. Firouzi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Chemical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Silicon Substrate ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Deposition Technique ◽  
Vapor Deposition Technique

ABSTRACTSingle crystalline epitaxial GaAs layers have been grown on silicon substrates with a thin germanium interlayer. All semiconductor layers were deposited by the chemical vapor deposition technique. The surface condition of the silicon substrate is an important factor affecting the quality of GaAs/Ge films on silicon. P+/n homojunction solar cells of 0.25 cm2 area with an AM1 efficiency near 12% have been prepared.

High Quality Deposition of SiO2 Downstream from a Microwave Discharge

1987 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Robinson ◽  
P. D. Hoh ◽  
P. Madakson ◽  
T. N. Nguyen ◽  
S. A. Shivashankar
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Microwave Discharge ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Elemental Impurities ◽  
Mos Devices ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis

ABSTRACTHigh quality stoichiometric silicon dioxide films have been deposited on silicon substrates at low pressure(1.0Torr) and low temperatures(≤ 350C) downstream and at a right angle to a microwave discharge. The deposition was accomplished by injecting 2% SiH4 in helium downstream of a N20 microwave generated discharge. Infrared spectroscopic analysis has determined that no detectable SiH, SiOH, Si-H2o or SiN chemical complexes were present in any films deposited at temperatures above 250C. Rutherford Backscattering and Forward Scattering Detection Spectroscopy were used to determine the elemental composition and hydrogen concentration in the films, respectively. The thick films were found to be stoichiometric with no detectable elemental impurities. The measured hydrogen concentration in the thin films was comparable to that measured in thermally grown Si0 2 of approximately the same thickness. The quality of the thin oxides(<30nm) has been determined by fabricating MOS devices from the Si-Si0 2 system.

Effects of substrate quality and annealing on defect structures at GaAs/Si interfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
H. L. Tsai ◽  
J. W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Growth Process ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Lattice Misfit ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Defect Structures ◽  
Gaas Film ◽  
Substrate Quality ◽  
Gaas On Si

Growth of GaAs on Si using epitaxial techniques has been receiving considerable attention for its potential application in device fabrication. However, because of the 4% lattice misfit between GaAs and Si, defect generation at the GaAs/Si interface and its propagation to the top portion of the GaAs film occur during the growth process. The performance of a device fabricated in the GaAs-on-Si film can be degraded because of the presence of these defects. This paper describes a HREM study of the effects of both the substrate surface quality and postannealing on the defect propagation and elimination.The silicon substrates used for this work were 3-4 degrees off [100] orientation. GaAs was grown on the silicon substrate by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE).

Application of membrane technology in the pretreatment of cheese dairies wastes and co-treatment in a municipal conventional biological unit

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleftheria Papachristou ◽  
Costas T. Lafazanis
Keyword(s):  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Biological Unit ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Dairy Wastes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Cheese Production

A great number of cheese dairies and dairy industries in Greece are disposing their wastes, mainly cheese whey, either on land or in surface receivers, in large quantities creating a major environmental problem. A typical agricultural and pastoral provincial town of 70,000 inhabitants, Trikala, became the starting point of this research. A co-treatment of the urban sewage and the dairy wastes in the municipal treatment plant was recommended. The successful application of the above statement is based primarily on the pretreatment of the cheese dairies wastes. So far for cheese whey the recovery of the lactose serum in the contemporary central unit applying membrane technology has been suggested. As far as the wastewaters of the washing and refrigeration are concerned a pretreatment is required for the defatting in a grease trap, the grating, the adjustment of pH and the equalisation in an appropriate tank. Finally, this research has also focussed on the importance of membrane technology in improving the quality of milk and cheese production.

PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN METODE DISKUSI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS TERPADU DI KELAS VIII.B SMP NEGERI 5 KOTA SOLOK

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Erma Yenis
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Good Teaching ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Class Viii

Abstractlearning process  good teaching  can create a situation that allows children to learn, so that is the starting point of the success of teaching. The low quality of education depends on the management of the teaching and learning process which can be interpreted as being less effective in the teaching and learning process, the causes: (1) Low learning activities, (2) Inadequate facilities and infrastructure. The case in Solok City Middle School, the low level of student learning activities allegedly influenced the low student learning outcomes. Based on observations on class VIII A which included the superior class had not yet achieved the desired completeness, the class with the least completeness was class VIII B which was 33.33% with KKM 65 criteria. Seeing this reality, teachers were required to motivate students and foster enthusiasm student learning. Therefore, to foster students' enthusiasm for learning, the author tries to apply student learning activities through discussion methods in small groups.Keywords: Learning, discussion AbstrakProses belajar mengajar yang baik dapat menciptakan situasi yang mmemungkinkan anak belajar, sehingga merupakan titik awal keberhasilan pengajaran. Rendahnya mutu pendidikan tergantung pada pengelolaan proses belajar mengajar yang dapat diartikan kurang efektifnya proses belajar mengajar, penyebabnya: (1) Rendahnya aktifitas belajar,  (2) Sarana dan prasarana yang belum memadai. Kasus pada SMP Negeri % Kota Solok rendahnya aktifitas belajar siswa diduga berpengaruh terhadap rendahnya hasil belajar siswa. Berdasarkan pengamatanpada  kelas VIII A yang termasuk kelas unggul belum mencapai ketuntasan yang di inginkan, sedangkan kelas yang paling sedikit ketuntasannya adalah kelas VIII B yaitu sebanyak 33,33 % dengan kriterian KKM 65. Melihat kenyataan tersebut, guru dituntut untuk dapat memotivasi siswa dan menumbuhkan semangat belajar siswa. Karena itu, untuk menumbuhkan semangat belajar siswa, penulis mencoba untuk menerapkan aktivitas belajar siswa melalui metode diskusi dalam kelompok kecil. Kata kunci: Pembelajaran, diskusi

scholarly journals How can electric lighting contribute to human health and well-being?

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
P Raynham
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Electric Light ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Hypothetical Explanation

Electric light in buildings may provide some health benefits; however, for most people these benefits are likely to be small. It is possible for electric lighting to cause health problems, if there is too little light or there is glare, but for the most part there is good guidance available and these problems can be avoided. The quality of the lit environment can have a psychological impact and this may in turn impact well-being. A starting point for this is perceived adequacy of illumination. Related lighting metrics are examined and a hypothetical explanation is suggested.

scholarly journals Thermal Physics and Glaucoma II: Preliminary Evidences for a Thermophysical Design of a Possible Visible-Light-Photons Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6301
Author(s):  
Giulia Grisolia ◽  
Mariarosa Astori ◽  
Antonio Ponzetto ◽  
Antonio Vercesi ◽  
Umberto Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Thermodynamic Approach ◽  
Equilibrium Thermodynamic ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Light Stimulation ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Thermal Physics ◽  
Starting Point

Recently, a non-equilibrium thermodynamic approach has been developed in order to model the fundamental role of the membrane electric potential in the cell behaviour. A related new viewpoint is introduced, with a design of a photobiomodulation treatment in order to restore part of the visual field. Here, a first step in experimental evidence of the validity of the thermodynamic approach is developed. This result represents the starting point for future experimental improvements for light stimulation in order to improve the quality of life of the patients. The future possible therapy will be in addition to the pharmacological treatments.

scholarly journals Binary Self-Assembly of Nanocolloidal Arrays using Concurrent and Sequential Spin Coating Techniques

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Shih-Jyun Shen ◽  
Demei Lee ◽  
Yu-Chen Wu ◽  
Shih-Jung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Substrate ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
The Self ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Polystyrene Spheres ◽  
Optimal Processing ◽  
Spin Coater

This paper reports the binary colloid assembly of nanospheres using spin coating techniques. Polystyrene spheres with sizes of 900 and 100 nm were assembled on top of silicon substrates utilizing a spin coater. Two different spin coating processes, namely concurrent and sequential coatings, were employed. For the concurrent spin coating, 900 and 100 nm colloidal nanospheres of latex were first mixed and then simultaneously spin coated onto the silicon substrate. On the other hand, the sequential coating process first created a monolayer of a 900 nm nanosphere array on the silicon substrate, followed by the spin coating of another layer of a 100 nm colloidal array on top of the 900 nm array. The influence of the processing parameters, including the type of surfactant, spin speed, and spin time, on the self-assembly of the binary colloidal array were explored. The empirical outcomes show that by employing the optimal processing conditions, binary colloidal arrays can be achieved by both the concurrent and sequential spin coating processes.

Fabrication and characteristics of the high-sensitivity humidity sensor of anodic aluminum oxide based on silicon substrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (16) ◽  
pp. 1850199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Degao Lan ◽  
Xiaofeng Zhao ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Chunpeng Ai ◽  
Dianzhong Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Silicon Substrate ◽  
Anodic Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Interdigitated Electrodes ◽  
Anodic Aluminum

The humidity sensor based on silicon substrate is presented in this paper, which consists of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) film and interdigitated electrodes. By using electro-chemical oxidizing technique, AAO film with high porosity is fabricated on the silicon substrate. Under optimal oxidization condition, pore diameter of 37–79 nm and depth about [Formula: see text]m is achieved. Interdigitated electrodes are fabricated on the top of AAO film by vacuum evaporation deposition method. The results show that the sensor has different nonlinear response in whole range of relative humidity (RH). Moreover, it has almost linear relationship between the capacitance and RH at high RH from 75% to 95%. The highest sensitivity is obtained 613 pF/%RH at 1 kHz, which is much higher than other frequencies.

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