Sub-Structure and Residual Stress in Rotary Swaged Cu/Al Clad Composite Wires

2020 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Lenka Kunčická ◽  
Radim Kocich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Deformation Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Homogeneous Stress ◽  
Mutual Comparison ◽  
Prospective Application ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Composite Wires

This study investigated the prospective application of the advantageous intensive plastic deformation method of rotary swaging for production of Al-Cu composite wires. Such materials are perspective to be used within a wide range of commercial and industrial branches, from transportation to electrotechnics. Cu-Al laminated wires with two unique different stacking sequences were rotary swaged down to 5 mm diameter at room temperature to minimize the development of brittle intermetallics at the interfaces. The analyses primarily focused on the mutual comparison of both the stacking sequences (Al sheath reinforced with Cu wires vs. Al sheath and Al core reinforced with Cu inter-layer) from the viewpoints of mechanical properties, sub-structure development, and occurrence of residual stress. While the individual Cu wires exhibited bimodal structure and the presence of residual stress within the growing grains, the Cu inter-layer featured recrystallized grains and homogeneous stress distribution. The mechanical properties for both the composites were enhanced by the swaging technology; the composite reinforced with Cu wires exhibited slightly higher ultimate tensile strength than the one with Cu inter-layer (258 MPa vs. 276 MPa). However, the latter featured significantly higher plasticity.

scholarly journals Entangling Lattice-Trapped Bosons with a Free Impurity: Impact on Stationary and Dynamical Properties

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Maxim Pyzh ◽  
Kevin Keiler ◽  
Simeon I. Mistakidis ◽  
Peter Schmelcher
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Entropy Measures ◽  
Particle Level ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Tunneling Dynamics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Trapped Bosons

We address the interplay of few lattice trapped bosons interacting with an impurity atom in a box potential. For the ground state, a classification is performed based on the fidelity allowing to quantify the susceptibility of the composite system to structural changes due to the intercomponent coupling. We analyze the overall response at the many-body level and contrast it to the single-particle level. By inspecting different entropy measures we capture the degree of entanglement and intraspecies correlations for a wide range of intra- and intercomponent interactions and lattice depths. We also spatially resolve the imprint of the entanglement on the one- and two-body density distributions showcasing that it accelerates the phase separation process or acts against spatial localization for repulsive and attractive intercomponent interactions, respectively. The many-body effects on the tunneling dynamics of the individual components, resulting from their counterflow, are also discussed. The tunneling period of the impurity is very sensitive to the value of the impurity-medium coupling due to its effective dressing by the few-body medium. Our work provides implications for engineering localized structures in correlated impurity settings using species selective optical potentials.

scholarly journals On the question of the functions and tasks of legal custom

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Marian Bedrii
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

The article researches the functions and tasks of legal custom based on historical experience and the current state of legal life.The view represents that law and culture functions are realized through legal custom, as it is an important element of these phenomena.At the same time, it is noted that legal custom is characterized by a separate catalog of functions and tasks that need to be studied. Theregulatory, explanatory, protective, defensive, inflectional, reconstitutive, ideological-educative, identification-communicative, antimonopoly,and legal-resource functions of legal custom are analyzed. The administrative and organizational components of the regulatoryfunction of legal custom are highlighted. The preventive and restrictive components of the protective function of legal custom are cha -racterized. It is substantiated that these functions are inextricably linked with the tasks of legal custom.Based on the analyzed functions, the following tasks of a legal custom are allocated: the legal regulation of social relations; cla -rification of provisions of the legislation, acts of law enforcement, texts of agreements, terms and symbolic actions; legal protection ofpublic goods and values; providing opportunities to protect rights and freedoms; stabilization of the legal system, its protection fromill-considered and risky transformations; reproduction of the acquired legal experience in new conditions; ensuring the flexibility of thelegal system; influence on the worldview of the individual and society in general; determining the affiliation of the subject to a parti -cular community and maintaining communication between its members; prevention of monopoly in the legal system of a normativelegal act or other sources of law; formation of material for the systematization of law.It is argued that legal custom, as a social phenomenon, evolving in the process of history, performed a wide range of functionsthat correlated with its tasks. Not every period, people, or locality is characterized by a full set of analyzed functions and tasks, but itis worth noting the possibility of their implementation by the legal custom in general, as evidenced by past experience and the currentstate of legal relations. The results of the research, on the one hand, complement the understanding of the nature of legal custom, andon the other – prove the feasibility of further use of this source of law in modern legal systems.

The Effects of Operational, Testing and Material Characterisations On the Change in Yield Strength From Plate to Pipe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingsi Jiao ◽  
Cheng Lu ◽  
Valerie Linton ◽  
Frank Barbaro
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Critical Knowledge ◽  
Operational Testing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The mechanical performance of the pipe sample has a direct influence on their application in real environments and a significant economic impact on manufacturers, especially when the pipe products do not meet required specifications. There is often a change in the yield strength from plate to pipe due to strain hardening and the Bauschinger effect. The current work sets out to provide a critical knowledge base for this change, with emphasizing the important influence of the plate mechanical properties on the pipe. So that the quality of pipe can be further ensured. In the work, firstly, the historical data of the pipe yield strength were collected and plotted together from a wide range of published sources to provide a broad quantitative insight, which provides a quantitative review on the parameters that govern the final pipe yield strength. Secondly, a Finite Element model of the pipe forming and mechanical evaluation was developed and then validated with available industrial testing results, in where the effects of operational and testing parameters on the pipe yield strength were analysed and discussed in detail. Finally, using the validated Finite Element model, a parametric study was conducted to dissect the individual role that each of the material parameters plays on changing the yield strength from plate to pipe. We found that the yield strength of the pipe can differ significantly. This work sheds lights on the desired plate mechanical properties to optimize the final pipe yield strength.

Effect of Uniaxial Compressive Stress during Formation of Porous Aluminum by Mechanochemical Reaction on its Mechanical Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 922 ◽  
pp. 632-637
Author(s):  
K. Sawamoto ◽  
Noboru Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Mechanochemical Reaction ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Porous Aluminum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Al Powder ◽  
The Individual

Porous Al is a lightweight material with excellent heat insulation and sound absorption properties and is expected to be used in a wide range of applications. A method based on mechanochemical reactions has been developed as an environmentally friendly approach to porous Al production. Pure Al powder reacts with pure water to form a coating layer of Al (OH)3 on the surface of the powder particles. Adjacent particles then bind together by adhesion of their coating layers. Since a large number of voids remain between the individual particles, the compact is classified as porous Al. In the present study, a mixture of pure Al powder and pure water was subjected to uniaxial compressive stresses ranging from 0 to 100 MPa to form porous Al. The mechanical properties of the resulting compact were evaluated in terms of the amount of H2 produced, the density, the Al (OH)3 texture, the amount of Al (OH)3 formed, and the results of subsequent compression tests. The density of the porous Al was found to increase with increasing compressive stress during formation. The largest amounts of H2 (800 ml) were produced under a compressive stress of 10 MPa. As the compressive stress was increased, the total amount of generated Al (OH)3 increased, was approximately constant from 30 to 50 MPa, and then decreased. The initial maximum stress, the plateau stress, and the absorbed energy increased with increasing compressive stress and were 100 MPa, 17.5 MPa, and 10.1 MJ/m3, respectively, for a compressive stress of 100 MPa.

scholarly journals Application of Order as Character Education in Santriwati Islamic Boarding School Jagad Alimussiry

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Eny Zubaidah
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Daily Schedule ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Education Process

Every institution has its own way or method of applying character education where the lessons of values, ethics, morals and religious teachings are the main focus. The boarding school has a different educational pattern than the one in general. At the Alimussirry World Boarding School, students have a set of rules that are used in practice in the daily schedule of students. The daily schedule of activities was a means of implementing the practice for the students under the supervision of the lodge managers. All activities have different areas of management to assist and supervise studentsCharacter education is not just about the young budding education process that is tapping into the formation of the school, it is also about the individual within the educational institution. Basically, in order to be a responsible individual in society, each individual must develop a wide range of potentials within himself, especially promoting morals that will serve as a guide for their role models within the institution.

scholarly journals Muslim Population in the Siberian Cities according to the Census of 1897

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-154
Author(s):  
Elena A. Brukhanova ◽  
Natalya V. Nezhentseva ◽  
Oksana I. Chekryzhova
Keyword(s):  
Muslim Community ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Processes of urbanization and modernization created preconditions for qualitative changes in the demographic, social and professional structure of the cities, as well as for the formation of specific socio-professional groups. Meanwhile the active region development contributed to the individual ethno-confessional communities and diasporas formation and institutionalization in cities. The main authors’ task in to identify the ways of forming and the role of the Muslim community in the Siberian cities, based on the analysis of aggregated and nominative materials of the First General Census of the Russian Empire in 1897. The use of census lists makes for the specificity and novelty of the study. On the one hand, the data allow to obtain the most complete list of Muslim persons who were in the cities at the time of the census; on the other hand, it helps to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the demographic, social and occupational characteristics of the Muslim population. We present the socio-demographic characteristics of Muslims who lived in Siberia at the late 19th century including the map of the Muslims’ location in the counties, as well as their number and gender composition in the Siberian cities. The general portrait of the Muslim in the Siberian cities was shaped based on the aggregated data of the 1897 census. The information taken from the census lists made it possible to surmise on about the formation of the Muslim community in individual cities, and to characterize the Muslim society structure in the Tobolsk province cities. The article is intended for specialists-historians, ethnographers, social anthropologists and a wide range of readers.

scholarly journals Artistic Genius versus the Hanse Canon from the Late Middle Ages to the Early Modern Age in Tallinn

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 59-80
Author(s):  
Juhan Maiste
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Other ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Working Together ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Veil ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

In the article, the author examines one of the most outstanding andproblematic periods in the art history of Tallinn as a Hanseatic city,which originated, on the one hand, in the Hanseatic tradition andthe medieval approach to Gothic transcendental realism, and onthe other, in the approach typical of the new art cities of Flanders,i.e. to see a reflection of the new illusory reality in the pictures. Acloser examination is made of two works of art imported to Tallinnin the late 15th century, i.e. the high altar in the Church of the HolySpirit by Bernt Notke and the altarpiece of Holy Mary, whichwas originally commissioned by the Brotherhood of Blackheadsfor the Dominican Monastery and is now in St Nicholas’ Church.Despite the differences in the iconography and style of the twoworks, their links to tradition and artistic geography, which in thisarticle are conditionally defined as the Hanse canon, are apparentin both of them.The methods and rules for classifying the transition from theMiddle Ages to the Modern Era were not critical nor exclusive.Rather they included a wide range of phenomena on the outskirtsof the major art centres starting from the clients and ending with the semantic significance of the picture, and the attributes that wereemployed to the individual experiences of the different masters,who were working together in the large workshops of Lübeck, andsomewhat later, in Bruges and Brussels.When ‘reading’ the Blackheads’ altar, a question arises of threedifferent styles, all of them were united by tradition and the waythat altars were produced in the large workshops for the extensiveart market that stretched from one end of the continent to the other,and even further from Lima to Narva. Under the supervision ofthe leading master and entrepreneur (Hans Memling?) two othermasters were working side by side in Bruges – Michel Sittow, whowas born in Tallinn, and the Master of the Legend of Saint Lucywere responsible for executing the task.In this article, the author has highlighted new points of reference,which on the one hand explain the complex issues of attributionof the Tallinn Blackheads’ altar, and on the other hand, placethe greatest opus in the Baltics in a broader context, where, inaddition to aesthetic ambitions, both the client and the workshopthat completed the order, played an extensive role. In this way,identifying a specific artist from among the others would usuallyremain a matter of discussion. Tallinn was a port and a wealthycommercial city at the foregates of the East where it took decadesfor the spirit of the Renaissance to penetrate and be assimilated.Instead of an unobstructed view we are offered uncertain andoften mixed values based on what we perceive through the veil ofsemantic research.

Biological and mechanical evaluation of mineralized-hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822199542
Author(s):  
Aitor Tejo-Otero ◽  
Alastair C Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Hydrogel Scaffolds ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Calcium Minerals ◽  
The One ◽  
Calcium Compounds ◽  
Cell Adhesion And Proliferation

Chitosan and gelatin have been extensively used in tissue engineering for a wide range of different applications, such as wound healing or bone regeneration, due to their advantages: excellent biocompatibility (promoting cell adhesion and proliferation), low price and biodegradability. Nonetheless, their main drawback is that they have poor mechanical properties, consequently restricting their use in bone tissue engineering. In previous studies, both materials were cross-linked, with added calcium minerals, which led to an improvement in both mechanical and biological properties. Therefore, this study carries out a mechanical and biological characterization of mineral-hydrogel scaffolds in order to find the best compositions. Different proportions of calcium compounds (CaCO3 and CaHPO4) are used to make up between 20% and 30% of the minerals used in a mineral-hydrogel mix. This addition of minerals enhances not only the mechanical properties, but also the biological ones. On the one hand, the higher the amount of minerals added to the composition, the better the mechanical properties obtained. Additionally, as the proportion of CaCO3 in comparison with CaHPO4 rises, the mechanical properties improve. On the other hand, both cell proliferation and mineralization are improved with the addition of calcium minerals.

scholarly journals Historical and theoretical aspects of the study of mass media

2021 ◽  
Vol IX(254) (46) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
H. V. Sukharevska
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Marxist Approach ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

the article defines the basic concepts in the field of mass media research. It is noted that the research of mass communications is presented in the scientific and educational literature by a wide range of author’s positions on its structuring depending on the choice of features and priorities for the selection of structural elements. It is pointed out that the study of mass communication in Western countries is developing essentially as a single research complex with a focus on managerial, ideological and cultural aspects of com- municative influence on man and society. It is noted that there are three relatively independent areas of research: 1) non-verbal analysis of rationality in the «production of culture», with emphasis on the organization of mass media and ensuring a level of professionalism and sales in a competitive environment. 2) Neo-Marxist approach, with the study of the symbolic aspect of ideological coercion and political hegemony. 3) Neo-Durkheimian studies of «public perception», which focus on the formation by the mass media of collective ideas of a sense of solidarity of individuals as members of mass audiences. It is emphasized that the basis for the differentiation of approaches to the study of mass communication in society is the relationship between the role of spiritual and material factors. It is pointed out that on the one hand, culturological approaches are widespread, which focus on the study of mass communication in the context of ideas, values, ideas that are both produced and disseminated by them in society. On the other hand, the influential tradition of analysis of mass communication sharpens attention to the study of the structure of property relations, the peculiarities of the imple-mentation of market relations in the field of mass communication. The impact on the media of the achievements of scientific and technological progress, which significantly change their nature, expand their functions in the following areas: 1) decentralization - the choice of programs increasingly depends on the individual, 2)increasing the volume of information programs, 3) the possibility of interactivity - interaction communication for information exchange

scholarly journals Deposition of titanium based coatings by reactive detonation spraying

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Panin ◽  
I. Vlasov ◽  
D. Dudina ◽  
V. Ulyanitsky ◽  
R. Stankevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Detonation Spraying ◽  
Gas Detonation ◽  
Carrier Gas ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Spraying Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gas Detonation Spraying

Abstract The structure and mechanical properties of the coatings formed by reactive detonation spraying of titanium in a wide range of spraying conditions were studied. The variable deposition parameters were the nature of the carrier gas, the spraying distance, the O2/C2H2 ratio, and the volume of the explosive mixture. The phase composition of the coatings and the influence of the spraying parameters on the mechanical properties of the coatings were investigated. In addition, nanohardness of the individual phases contained the coatings was evaluated. It was found that the composition of the strengthening phases in the coatings depends on the O2/C2H2 ratio and the nature of the carrier gas. Detonation spraying conditions ensuring the formation of composite coatings with a set of improved mechanical properties are discussed.

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