The Effect of Bacterial Cellulose on The Thermo Hydro-Mechanical Treatment of Wood Veneer

2021 ◽  
Vol 880 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Nugroho Ananto ◽  
Triastuti ◽  
Hidayat Iman ◽  
Anne Zulfia Syahrial ◽  
Sufiandi Sandi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Wood Veneer ◽  
Pure Cellulose ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
Mechanical Tensile

Wood is the largest source of cellulose in the nature however it has a low strength. In other hand, bacteria cellulose as a pure cellulose has a higher tensile strength than wood. Wood reinforced with bacterial cellulose was produced by self-assembly approach with veneer soak into the fermentation medium. The product of this research is hybrid veneer processed thermos-hydro-mechanical treatment. It has been used to give a change in its mechanical properties. This research analyzed mechanical tensile test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The result showed that bacteria cellulose had impact to increase tensile strength of veneer and improve the molecular strength between cellulose fibers. Hydrogen bonds were formed between veneer fibers and bacterial cellulose then those bonds stick together and resulted in strong adhesion.

scholarly journals Bacterial Cellulose Based Biocomposite from Guava Fruit Reinforced with Bamboo Microfibrillated Cellulose Through Impregnation Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1029-1036
Author(s):  
S. Silviana ◽  
Siti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Microfibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Guava Fruit ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Tga Analysis

Commercial plastics synthesized from fossil oil can significantly affect the environment due to its non-biodegradable property. It is an attempt to minimize the use of the plastics substituted with biodegradable plastics such as biocomposite. Biocomposite matrix can be synthesized from cellulose. A potential cellulose source can be obtained from bacterial cellulose. The bacterial cellulose observed in this study was extracted from guava. Bamboo microfibrillated cellulose was used as reinforcement agent. The objectives of this paper are to obtain optimum condition of bacterial cellulose from guava reinforced with microfibrillated cellulose of bamboo and to identify the characteristics of the biocomposite product such as its mechanical (tensile strength), morphological (SEM), thermal (DSC and TGA) and structural properties (FTIR and TGA). The results show that optimal conditions of the modified biocomposite was achieved at 5%-w/v of bamboo microfibrillated cellulose with tensile strength of 59.81±4.81 MPa. Furthermore, the biocomposite had good thermal stability. It was confirmed by TGA analysis with glass transition temperature of 150°C higher than that of guava bacterial cellulose without the reinforcement of bamboo microfibrillated cellulose, i.e at 110°C.

Comparative Study of Chemical and Mechanical Treatment Effects on Bacterial Cellulose from Nata de Coco

2017 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
Rusaini Athirah Ahmad Rusdi ◽  
Zul Hazrin Zainal Abidin ◽  
Hairul Anuar Tajuddin ◽  
Fauziah Abdul Aziz ◽  
Norhana Abdul Halim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pure Cellulose ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work, bacterial cellulose was obtained from nata de coco. Initially, the samples were subjected to three types of different condition which were raw, chemical treatment and mechanical treatment. Bacterial cellulose was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Bacterial cellulose met the specifications of pure cellulose either using chemical or mechanical treatments proved by IR spectra reading. XRD results indicated that the crystallinity of chemical treatment bacterial cellulose is higher than the mechanical treatment bacterial cellulose which was 68.6% and 59.5% respectively. The FESEM analysis shows that the size of the bacterial cellulose that obtained from chemical treatment is smaller than mechanical treatments which were 19.42μm and 50.35μm.

scholarly journals Bacterial Cellulose - Properties and Its Potential Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 493-505
Author(s):  
Izabela Betlej ◽  
Sarani Zakaria ◽  
Krzysztof J. Krajewski ◽  
Piotr Boruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
High Tensile Strength ◽  
Electronic Industry ◽  
Pure Cellulose

This review paper is related to the utilization on bacterial cellulose in many applications. The polymer produced from bacterial cellulose possessed a very good physical and mechanical properties, such as high tensile strength, elasticity, absorbency. The polymer from bacterial cellulose has a significantly higher degree of polymerization and crystallinity compared to those derived from plant. The collection of selected literature review shown that bacterial cellulose produced are in the form pure cellulose and can be used in many of applications. These include application in various industries and sectors of the economy, from medicine to paper or electronic industry.

Effect of Compatibilizer on Mechanical Properties and Water Absorption Behaviour of Coconut Fiber Filled Polypropylene Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sabri ◽  
A. Mukhtar ◽  
K. Shahril ◽  
A. Siti Rohana ◽  
Husseinsyah Salmah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Coconut Fiber ◽  
Polypropylene Composite ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Strong Adhesion ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Absorption Percentage

Compatibilizer is used to improve mechanical properties and water absorption behaviour of polypropylene/coconut fiber (PP/CF) composites by promoting strong adhesion between CF filler and PP Matrix. Maleic Anhydride Grafted Polypropylene (MAPP) treated and untreated composites were prepared in formulation of 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, and 40 wt%. The mechanical tensile test indicates that composite with 10 wt% has the optimum value of tensile strength, and the MAPP treated composite shows the tensile strength was increased. The modulus of elasticity was increased while the elongation at break was decreased by increasing of filler loading. Meanwhile, the swelling test discerned that the increase of filler loading increased the water absorption of composites and the presence of MAPP reduced the equilibrium water absorption percentage.

scholarly journals Bacterial Cellulose-BasedBiodegradable Plasticfrom Pineapple (Ananassativus) Skin Waste: The Effectof Sorbitol On The QualityOf The Biodegradableplastic

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-63
Author(s):  
Ananda Putra
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Degree Of Swelling ◽  
The Degree Of Crystallinity

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of sorbitol on the quality ofbacterial cellulose-based biodegradable plastic from pineapple skin waste. Various concentrations of sorbitol as the plasticizer were added into a fermentation medium in the synthesis of bacterial cellulose-sorbitolcomposite (BCSC). The BCSCobtainedwas purified by soaking it into a cycled water-NaOH-water. The purified BCSC wasthen compressed using a hot press with the pressure of 300 psi to obtain BCS plastic. The BCS plasticwas characterized in the aspect of physical properties (water content,the degree of swelling), mechanical properties (tensile strength,elongation, elasticity), molecular structure (functional groups, thedegree of crystallinity), and biodegradability. The results showed that the percentage ofwater content anddegree of swelling of theBCS plastic increased with the addition of sorbitol concentrations. The maximum tensile strength was obtained with the addition of 10.5% sorbitol (%v/v). The degrability of the BCS plastic was up to 59% until the 9th day. TheFTIR results showed that functional groups appeared in the BCS plastic were similar to those of the BC. The degree of crystallinity of the BCSplastic decreased with the increasing concentration of sorbitol.

scholarly journals Influence of biological origin on the tensile properties of cellulose nanopapers

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katri S. Kontturi ◽  
Koon-Yang Lee ◽  
Mitchell P. Jones ◽  
William W. Sampson ◽  
Alexander Bismarck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Nanofibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Primary Cell Wall ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Fiber Mats

Abstract Cellulose nanopapers provide diverse, strong and lightweight templates prepared entirely from sustainable raw materials, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). Yet the strength of CNFs has not been fully capitalized in the resulting nanopapers and the relative influence of CNF strength, their bonding, and biological origin to nanopaper strength are unknown. Here, we show that basic principles from paper physics can be applied to CNF nanopapers to illuminate those relationships. Importantly, it appeared that ~ 200 MPa was the theoretical maximum for nanopapers with random fibril orientation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the contrast in tensile strength for nanopapers prepared from bacterial cellulose (BC) and wood-based nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC). Endemic amorphous polysaccharides (hemicelluloses) in NFC act as matrix in NFC nanopapers, strengthening the bonding between CNFs just like it improves the bonding between CNFs in the primary cell wall of plants. The conclusions apply to all composites containing non-woven fiber mats as reinforcement. Graphic abstract

Effect of Castor Oil Impregnation on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bacterial Cellulose

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Myrtha Karina ◽  
Lucia Indrarti ◽  
Rike Yudianti ◽  
Indriyati
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Acetone Water

The effect of castor oil on the physical and mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose is described. Bacterial cellulose (BC) was impregnated with 0.5–2% (w/v) castor oil (CO) in acetone–water, providing BCCO films. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that the castor oil penetrated the pores of the bacterial cellulose, resulting in a smoother morphology and enhanced hydrophilicity. Castor oil caused a slight change in crystallinity indices and resulted in reduced tensile strength and Young's modulus but increased elongation at break. A significant reduction in tensile strength and Young's modulus was achieved in BCCO films with 2% castor oil, and there was an improvement in elongation at break and hydrophilicity. Impregnation with castor oil, a biodegradable and safe plasticiser, resulted in less rigid and more ductile composites.

scholarly journals Bonding Wood Veneer with Biobased Poly(Lactic Acid) Thermoplastic Polyesters: Potential Applications for Consolidated Wood Veneer and Overlay Products

Fibers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Warren J. Grigsby ◽  
Arpit Puri ◽  
Marc Gaugler ◽  
Jan Lüedtke ◽  
Andreas Krause
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Wood Veneer ◽  
Pressing Temperature ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Laminated Panels

This study reports on the use of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) as a renewable thermoplastic adhesive for laminated panels using birch, spruce, and pine veneers. Consolidated panels were prepared from veneer and PLA foils by hot-pressing from 140 to 180 °C to achieve minimum bondline temperatures. Evaluation of panel properties revealed that the PLA-bonded panels met minimum tensile strength and internal bond strength performance criteria. However, the adhesion interface which developed within individual bondlines varied with distinctions between hardwood and softwood species and PLA grades. Birch samples developed greater bondline strength with a higher pressing temperature using semi-crystalline PLA, whereas higher temperatures produced a poorer performance with the use of amorphous PLA. Panels formed with spruce or pine veneers had lower bondline performance and were also similarly distinguished by their pressing temperature and PLA grade. Furthermore, the potential for PLA-bonded laminated panels was demonstrated by cold water soak testing. Samples exhibiting relatively greater bondline adhesion had wet tensile strength values comparable to those tested in dry state. Our study outcomes suggest the potential for PLA bonding of veneers and panel overlays with the added benefits of being renewable and a no added formaldehyde system.

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