Selenium Nanocluster Coatings: Transforming Current Orthopedic Materials into Inhibiting Bone Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 718-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phong A. Tran ◽  
Love Sarin ◽  
Robert H. Hurt ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Cancer ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Osteoblast Proliferation ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Normal Osteoblast ◽  
Orthopedic Materials ◽  
Ss Substrates ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

Selenium (Se) nanoclusters were coated on three different orthopedic materials: Titanium, stainless steel and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). There different coating densities were achieved on each type of substrate. The uncoated and coated Ti and SS substrates were then used in experiments with either normal healthy osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) or cancerous osteoblasts (osteosarcoma) or a combination of both. For the first time, it was shown that the substrates coated with Se nanoclusters promoted (or at least maintained) normal osteoblast proliferation and inhibited cancerous osteoblast growth in both separate culture experiments and co-culture experiments. Thus, this study introduced to the orthopedic cancer community for the first time a coating material (Se) which may inhibit bone cancer growth and promote normal bone growth.

scholarly journals The nanostructuring of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene in thermal and mechanical fields as revealed by DSC

2021 ◽  
Vol 2103 (1) ◽  
pp. 012095
Author(s):  
L P Myasnikova ◽  
A K Borisov ◽  
Yu M Boiko ◽  
A P Borsenko ◽  
V F Drobot’ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Thickness Distribution ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Know How ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

Abstract The ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene reactor powders are widely used for the actively developing solvent-free method for producing high-strength high-modulus PE filaments, which includes the compaction and sintering of a powder followed by orientational hardening. To find an appropriate regime of the technological process, it is important to know how the nanostructure changes when transforming from a powder to a precursor for hardening. Nanocrystalline lamellae are characteristics of the powder structure. For the first time, the DSC technique was used to follow changes in the thickness distribution of lamellae in ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene reactor powder on its way to a precursor for orientation hardening. It was found that the percentage of thick (>15 nm) and thin (10 nm) lamellae in compacted samples and those sintered at temperatures lower than the melting temperature of PE (140°C) remains nearly the same. However, significant changes in the content of lamellae of different thicknesses were observed in the samples sintered at 145°C with subsequent cooling under different conditions. The influence of the lamellae thickness distribution in precursors on the mechanical characteristics of oriented filaments was discussed.

scholarly journals Structural Features of Heparan Sulfate from Multiple Osteochondromas and Chondrosarcomas

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noemi Veraldi ◽  
Alessandro Parra ◽  
Elena Urso ◽  
Cesare Cosentino ◽  
Manuela Locatelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Signaling Networks ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Multiple Osteochondromas ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Set Up ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cartilaginous Tumors

Multiple osteochondromas (MO) is a hereditary disorder associated with benign cartilaginous tumors, known to be characterized by absence or highly reduced amount of heparan sulfate (HS) in the extracellular matrix of growth plate cartilage, which alters proper signaling networks leading to improper bone growth. Although recent studies demonstrated accumulation of HS in the cytoplasm of MO chondrocytes, nothing is known on the structural alterations which prevent HS from undergoing its physiologic pathway. In this work, osteochondroma (OC), peripheral chondrosarcoma, and healthy cartilaginous human samples were processed following a procedure previously set up to structurally characterize and compare HS from pathologic and physiologic conditions, and to examine the phenotypic differences that arise in the presence of either exostosin 1 or 2 (EXT1 or EXT2) mutations. Our data suggest that HS chains from OCs are prevalently below 10 kDa and slightly more sulfated than healthy ones, whereas HS chains from peripheral chondrosarcomas (PCSs) are mostly higher than 10 kDa and remarkably more sulfated than all the other samples. Although deeper investigation is still necessary, the approach here applied pointed out, for the first time, structural differences among OC, PCS, and healthy HS chains extracted from human cartilaginous excisions, and could help in understanding how the structural features of HS are modulated in the presence of pathological situations also involving different tissues.

scholarly journals A rugged, self-sterilizing antimicrobial copper coating on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene: a preliminary study on the feasibility of an antimicrobial prosthetic joint material

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (20) ◽  
pp. 3310-3318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Wu ◽  
Samuel P. Douglas ◽  
Gaowei Wu ◽  
Alexander J. MacRobert ◽  
Elaine Allan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Vapour Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Copper Coating ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight ◽  
Joint Material

We report here for the first time how a copper coating bond to ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) via low temperature aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition.

scholarly journals Normal Bone Growth Requires Optimal Estrogen Levels: Negative Effects of Both High and Low Dose Estrogen on the Number of Growth Plate Chondrocytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 214 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Takano ◽  
Toshimi Aizawa ◽  
Taichi Irie ◽  
Eiji Itoi ◽  
Shoichi Kokubun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Growth Plate Chondrocytes ◽  
Normal Bone

scholarly journals Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Rods as an Effective Design Solution for the Suspensions of a Cruiser-Class Solar Vehicle

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giangiacomo Minak ◽  
Tommaso M. Brugo ◽  
Cristiano Fragassa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Material Solution ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a subgroup of the thermoplastic polyethylene characterized by extremely long chains and, as result, in a very tough and resistant material. Due to remarkable specific mechanical properties, its use is gradually being extended to multiple fields of application. This study describes, perhaps for the first time, how the UHMWPE can represent a valid material solution in the design and optimization of suspensions for automotive use, especially in the case of extremely lightweight vehicles, such as solar cars. In particular, in this design study, UHMWPE rods permitted to assure specific kinematic trajectories, functionalities, and overall performance in an exceptionally light suspension systems, developed for an innovative multioccupant solar vehicle. These rods reduced the weight by 88% with respect to the classic design solutions with similar functions, offering, at the same time, high stiffness and accuracy in the movements. An experimental campaign was conducted to evaluate the ratcheting behaviour and other mechanical properties needed for a proper design and use.

scholarly journals Purinergic Signaling Mediates PTH and Fluid Flow-Induced Osteoblast Proliferation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yanghui Xing ◽  
Liang Song ◽  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Tengyu Zhang ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Purinergic Receptors ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Purinergic Signaling ◽  
Atp Release ◽  
Osteoblast Proliferation ◽  
Creb Phosphorylation ◽  
Mechanical Signals

Both parathyroid hormone (PTH) and mechanical signals are able to regulate bone growth and regeneration. They also can work synergistically to regulate osteoblast proliferation, but little is known about the mechanisms how PTH and mechanical signals interact with each other during this process. In this study, we investigated responses of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts to PTH and oscillatory fluid flow. We found that osteoblasts are more sensitive to mechanical signals in the presence of PTH according to ERK1/2 phosphorylation, ATP release, CREB phosphorylation, and cell proliferation. PTH may also reduce the osteoblast refractory period after desensitization due to mechanical signals. We further found that the synergistic responses of osteoblasts to fluid flow or ATP with PTH had similar patterns, suggesting that synergy between fluid flow and PTH may be through the ATP pathway. After we inhibited ATP effects using apyrase in osteoblasts, their synergistic responses to mechanical stimulation and PTH were also inhibited. Additionally, knocking down P2Y2 purinergic receptors can significantly attenuate osteoblast synergistic responses to mechanical stimulation and PTH in terms of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, CREB phosphorylation, and cell proliferation. Thus, our results suggest that PTH enhances mechanosensitivity of osteoblasts via a mechanism involving ATP and P2Y2 purinergic receptors.

SYNTHETIC BIOMATERIALS FOR RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY WITH THE ADDITION OF BMP-2 AND ERYTHROPOIETIN

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
F. Senatov ◽  
A. Chubrik ◽  
A. Zimina ◽  
N. Strukova ◽  
M. Krivozubov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Bone Growth Factor ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

Synthetic materials based on Ultra-High Molecular Weight PolyEthylene (UHMWPE), PolyEtherEtherKetone (PEEK) and PolyLActide (PLA) with the addition of recombinant bone growth factor BMP-2 and erythropoietin have been developed, which have high biocompatibility and osteoinductive properties.

Electrospinning of Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Nanofibers

2008 ◽  
Vol 1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Rein ◽  
Yachin Cohen ◽  
Avner Ronen ◽  
Eyal Zussman ◽  
Kim Shuster
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ultra High Molecular Weight

ABSTRACTThe electrospinning method was employed to fabricate extremely fine nanofibers of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) for the first time, using a mixture of solvents with different dielectric constant and conductivity. A novel experimental device for elevated temperature electrospinning of highly volatile and quickly crystallizing polymer solutions and melts was developed. The possibility to produce the highly oriented nanofibers from ultra-high molecular weight polymers suggests new ways for fabrication of ultra-strong, porous, surface modified fibers and single-component nanocomposite yarn with improved properties.

scholarly journals GnRHa/Stanozolol Combined Therapy Maintains Normal Bone Growth in Central Precocious Puberty

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunye Zhu ◽  
Lingli Long ◽  
Yue Hu ◽  
Ying Tuo ◽  
Yubin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Precocious Puberty ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Central Precocious Puberty ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Growth Deceleration

BackgroundGonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) is the gold standard in the treatment of Central Precocious Puberty (CPP) with progressive puberty and accelerative growth. However, GnRHa treatment is reported to result in growth deceleration and prevents growth plate development which leads to a reduction in height velocity. Stanozolol (ST) has been used to stimulate growth in patients with delayed growth and puberty, nevertheless, the effects and mechanisms of ST on CPP with GnRHa treatment are currently unclear.Methods and ResultsIn the current study, we recorded the following vital observations that provided insights into ST induced chondrogenic differentiation and the maintenance of normal growth plate development: (1) ST efficiently prevented growth deceleration and maintained normal growth plate development in rats undergoing GnRHa treatment; (2) ST suppressed the inhibitory effect of GnRHa to promote chondrogenic differentiation; (3) ST induced chondrogenic differentiation through the activation of the JNK/c-Jun/Sox9 signaling pathway; (4) ST promoted chondrogenic differentiation and growth plate development through the JNK/Sox9 signaling pathway in vivo.ConclusionsST mitigated the inhibitory effects of GnRHa and promoted growth plate development in rats. ST induced the differentiation of chondrocytes and maintained normal growth plate development through the activation of JNK/c-Jun/Sox9 signaling. These novel findings indicated that ST could be a potential agent for maintaining normal bone growth in cases of CPP undergoing GnRHa treatment.

scholarly journals PERAWATAN FIBROUS DYSPLASIA MAKSILA DEXTRA ANTERIOR PADA ANAK USIA 5 TAHUN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Eviwati Sitanggang ◽  
Bambang Dwirahardjo ◽  
Cahya Yustisia Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Fibrous Dysplasia ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Pathologic Fracture ◽  
Fibrous Connective Tissue ◽  
Clinical Behavior ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Skeletal Disorder

Introduction: The Management of Anterior Maxillaris Dextra Fybrous Dysplasia at the 5 years old patient. Fibrous dysplasia is an abnormal bone growth where normal bone is replaced with fibrous connective tissue intermixed with irregular bony trabeculae. It causes bone pain, deformities & pathologic fracture. Fibrous dysplasia is a sporadic benign skeletal disorder that can affect one bone (monostotic) or multiple bone ( polyostotic). Disscusion: The clinical behavior and progression of fibrous dysplasia may also vary, thereby making the management of this condition difficult with few established clinical guidelines. Conclusion: This paper provides a biopsy and reconturing as the choice of treatment.

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